Paralytic peptide activates insect humoral immune response via epidermal growth factor receptor

Immune–nociceptor connections are found in animals across phyla. Local inflammation and/or damage results in increased nociceptive sensitivity of the affected area. However, in mammals, immune responses far from peripheral nociceptors, such as immune responses in the gut, produce a general increase in peripheral nociceptive sensitivity. This phenomenon has not, to our knowledge, been found in other animal groups. We found that consuming heat-killed pathogens reduced the tactile force needed to induce a defensive strike in the caterpillar Manduca sexta . This increase in the nociceptive sensitivity of the body wall is probably part of the reconfiguration of behaviour and physiology that occurs during an immune response (e.g. sickness behaviour). This increase may help enhance anti-predator behaviour as molecular resources are shifted towards the immune system. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Evolution of mechanisms and behaviour important for pain’.

show abstract

“…EGRF receptor expression has been found in Bo. mori fat body [49]. Neither receptor has previously been found in M. sexta CNS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Unfortunately, the gene for a PSP receptor has not been identified in M. sexta. However, in the caterpillar Bombyx mori, the PSP receptor has been identified as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) [49]. These results suggest that EGFR may also be the receptor for PSP in M. sexta.…”

Section: (C) Effect Of Immune Challenge To the Gut On Nociceptive Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Listening to your gut: immune challenge to the gut sensitizes body wall nociception in the caterpillarManduca sexta

Adamo

McMillan

2019

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…AMPs, a class of immune-related cationic active peptides, are representative of humoural immunity and can kill invading microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi and viruses, thus playing an important role in the innate immunity of insects (Imura et al, 2007;Lemaitre & Hoffmann, 2007;Song et al, 2015;Hansen, 2017;Suda et al, 2017). The first AMP was isolated from the pupae of the cecropia moth Hyalophora cecropia (Steiner et al, 1981).…”

Section: Detection Of Amps and Their Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress on the immune mechanism of the silkworm Bombyx mori

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The silkworm Bombyx mori L., representing an important economic insect and one of the best models for studying insect immunity, possesses an efficient and sophisticated innate immune system against invasive microorganisms. The innate immune system basically includes humoural immunity and cellular immunity. The humoural immunity, which functions via molecules including humoural factors, lysozymes, phenoloxidase, hemolin, lectins and, in particular, antimicrobial peptides, plays a central role in eliminating the invading pathogens. The cellular immunity is primarily carried out and mediated by plasmatocytes and granular cells of haemocytes in the haemolymph, usually followed by melanization. Additionally, apoptosis, a primary viral defence for insects lacking adaptive immunity, comprises an important part of the silkworm immune system. Currently, there is still the lack of a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the molecular mechanisms of silkworm immunity. We review the latest research progress on silkworm immune mechanisms, including phenoloxidase‐dependent melanization and apoptosis, which is conducive to improving our understanding of the silkworm immune mechanism, clarifying the relationship of various immune mechanisms, and also providing a theoretical basis and reference for the future research of insect immunity.

show abstract

“…GBP has also been shown to demonstrate multifunctionality. GBP can induce paralysis, immune cells, and diapause activity in lepidopteran insects including, P. separata , Manduca sexta , and Bombyx mori (Song et al, 2015; Strand et al, 2000; Wang et al, 1999), further studies expose that there may be a close relationship between the spreading activity of plasmatocytes in the hemocytes and the dose of GBP (Duressa et al, 2015; Matsumoto et al, 2012; Strand et al, 2000). In the present study, we noticed that GBP was expressed in large quantities in the head and fat body tissues of M. separata larvae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocidal efficacy of tutin and its influence on immune cells and expression of growth‐blocking and neuroglian peptides in Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Cui

Shaheen

et al. 2021

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mythimna separata Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the major pests that can cause severe damage to grain crops. The development of low‐toxicity and high‐performance botanical insecticides is becoming the focus of new pesticide research to control M. separata. Tutin, a sesquiterpene lactone compound obtained from Coriaria sinica Maxim, a native Chinese poisonous plant, has antifeedant, absorption, and stomach poisoning against a variety of pests. To understand the toxic effect of tutin on M. separata larvae, we set out to determine their antifeedant, mortality, paralysis, weight change, and to examine the spreading of M. separata hemocytes under different concentrations of tutin treatment. Tissue distribution of the immune‐associated gene growth‐blocking peptide (GBP) and neuroglian peptide (Nrg) was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, real‐time quantitative PCR was carried out to determine the expression profiles of GBP and Nrg after different concentrations of tutin stimulation. Our results revealed that tutin exhibited significant antifeedant and insecticidal activities, paralysis, weight loss to M. separata. Besides, tutin significantly influenced on the morphology of hemocytes and enhanced the expression of GBP and Nrg in M. separata.

show abstract

Paralytic peptide activates insect humoral immune response via epidermal growth factor receptor

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Listening to your gut: immune challenge to the gut sensitizes body wall nociception in the caterpillarManduca sexta

Listening to your gut: immune challenge to the gut sensitizes body wall nociception in the caterpillarManduca sexta

Research progress on the immune mechanism of the silkworm Bombyx mori

Biocidal efficacy of tutin and its influence on immune cells and expression of growth‐blocking and neuroglian peptides in Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About