Paralysiella testudinis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the cloaca of a toad-headed turtle (Mesoclemmys nasuta)

Abstract

A bacterial strain designated 26BT, which had been isolated from the cloaca of a toad-headed turtle, was subjected to a comprehensive taxonomic study. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that strain 26BT is a member of the family Neisseriaceae . Based on highest similarity values, Neisseria animaloris DSM 21642T (95.15 %), Alysiella filiformis ATCC 15532T (95.06 %), Uruburuella testudinis 07_OD624T (94.71 %), Uruburuella suis CCUG 47806T (94.66 %) and Alysiella crassa DSM 2578T (94.64 %) were identified as the closest relatives. Average nucleotide identity values based on the blast algorithm (ANIb) indicated that U. suis (76.10/76.17 %), Neisseria shayeganii 871T (74.34/74.51 %), Stenoxybacter acetivorans (73.30/73.41 %), N. animaloris (72.98/72.80) %, A. filiformis (71.14/71.21 %) and A. crassa (70.53/71.15 %) are the next closest relatives. Like ANIb, genome-based phylogeny did not suggest the affiliation of strain 26BT with any established genus. The polyamine pattern consisted of the major compounds putrescine, 1,3-diaminopropane and spermidine and the major quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. In the polar lipid profile, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and an ornithine lipid were predominant. The fatty acid profile contained predominantly C16 : 1 ω7c, C12 : 0, C14 : 0, C16 : 0 and C12 : 0 3OH. The size of the genome was 2.91 Mbp and the genomic G+C content was 54.0 mol%. Since these data do not demonstrate an unambiguous association with any established genus, we here propose the novel genus Paralysiella with the type species Paralysiella testudinis gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is 26BT (=CCM 9137T=LMG 32212T).

From pollen to putrid: Comparative metagenomics reveals how microbiomes support dietary specialization in vulture bees

“…Several of the bacteria we found in high abundance in the facultative necrophages are considered opportunistic human pathogens that are known to be antibiotic resistant and biofilm forming such as Pseudomonas , Myroides , Bacteroides , Serratia , Enterococcus , Klebsiella , Salmonella , and Enterobacter (Busse et al., 2021; Goullet & Picard, 1997; Ryan et al., 2022; Theocharidi et al., 2022) (Figure 3). Perhaps this ability for opportunistic pathogens to respond socially (as biofilms or swarming phenotypes) to stress or antibiotics produced by competing microbes during decomposition makes them beneficial symbionts for the bees.…”

“…and Acinetobacter sp. but also other microbes that are found on vertebrate bodies or mud such as Salmonella enterica , Escherichia coli , Thermophillibacter immobilis , Pseudomonas sp., Olsenella uli , Paralysiella testudinis , Comamonas sp., and Klebsiella sp., several of which are considered opportunistic human pathogens (Busse et al., 2021; Lu et al., 2021; Ryan et al., 2022). Likewise, facultative necrophages have some bacteria known to be linked to pollinivorous diets such as Prevotella sp.…”

Wielerella bovis gen. nov., sp. nov. a member of the family Neisseriaceae associated with bovine endocarditis

“…First, phylogenetically all strains are monophyletic and separated from Alysiella and Kingella as well as other genera of Neisseriaceae . Second, ANI values to the closest genera are below 81 % which is considered as genus demarcation within the family [10]. Similarly, dDDH values to other genera are <18 %, which is very low.…”

“…In all cases W. bovis isolates showed ANI values to each other above the species boundary of 95–96 % [24]. The ANI values between W. bovis and the closest type species of genera from Neisseriaceae were below 81 %, regarded as a genus cut-off for the family [10]. Digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values calculated using the Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator 3.0 [21, 22] were clearly above the species cut-off of 70 % between all W. bovis isolates with dDDH values ranging from 79.1 to 100 %.…”

“…Based on this proposal, the emended family Neisseriaceae is currently formed by 13 genera, i.e. the type genus Neisseria [4] and the following genera: Alysiella [5], Bergeriella [6], Conchiformibius [6], Eikenella [7], Kingella [8], Morococcus [3, 9], Paralysiella [10], Simonsiella [11], Snodgrassella [2], Stenoxybacter [12], Uruburuella [13] and Vitreoscilla [14]. Morphologically, cells of members of the family are Gram-stain-negative, coccoid or distinctly rod-shaped, occurring singly, in pairs, in masses, or in short chains with some species exhibiting a characteristic multicellular micromorphology.…”