Parallel optically detected magnetic resonance spectrometer for dozens of single nitrogen-vacancy centers using laser-spot lattice

Abstract

We develop a parallel optically detected magnetic resonance (PODMR) spectrometer to address, manipulate, and read out an array of single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond in parallel. In this spectrometer, we use an array of micro-lenses to generate a 20 × 20 laser-spot lattice (LSL) on the objective focal plane and then align the LSL with an array of single NV centers. The quantum states of NV centers are manipulated by a uniform microwave field from a Ω-shape coplanar coil. As an experimental demonstration, we observe 80 NV centers in the field of view. Among them, magnetic resonance (MR) spectra and Rabi oscillations of 18 NV centers along the external magnetic field are measured in parallel. These results can be directly used to realize parallel quantum sensing and multiple times speedup compared with the confocal technique. Regarding the nanoscale MR technique, PODMR will be crucial for a high throughput single molecular MR spectrum and imaging.

Toward High‐Throughput Single‐Spin Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Spatially Programmable Laser Illumination

“…[29,30] For single NV centers with widefield illumination, most of the laser distributes in the blank area among the NV centers and the required laser power increases dramatically with the expansion of vision, which induces serious heating even damage to the objective and sample. In the previous work, [31] we proposed parallel magnetic resonance of 18 NV centers in a regular nanopillar array with a laser spot lattice. However, this method is not able to cover randomly distributed NV centers, such as nanodiamond particles bound to organelles or 2D NV sensors in a bulk diamond.…”

High-precision detection of laser spot based on Gaussian spot model

“…Charge coupled device (CCD) image sensor is an array device composed of many MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) basic units, which can directly convert optical signals into analog current signals. CCD has the advantages of low power consumption, stable performance, long service life, high sensitivity, low noise, light weight, small volume, large dynamic range and fast response[2].…”