Paragangliomas of the spinal canal

Sundgren, Pia C.; Annertz, Mårten; Englund, Elisabet; Strömblad, Lars-Göran; Holtås, Stig

doi:10.1007/s002340050843

Cited by 69 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…Presumably, spinal paragangliomas originate from the sympathetic neurons in the thoracic and lumbar lateral horns of the spinal cord, sending their axons to the sympathetic trunk through the communicating branches. It may also be possible that heterotopic neurons lie along these branches proximal to the sympathetic trunk (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Findings of the Spinal Paraganglioma: Report of Three Cases

Shin

Lee

Hwang³

et al. 2001

J Korean Med Sci

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Extraadrenal paragangliomas involving the spine is less common and usually takes the form of intradural compression of the cauda equina. The authors report three cases of spinal paragangliomas resulting in extradural spinal cord compression and their MR findings. The MR imaging revealed a well-demarcated extradural mass with low to intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images and intermediate to high signal intensity on T2-weighted images compared to paravertebral muscles. After Gd-DTPA administration, heterogeneous and intense enhancement was found. Multiple punctate and serpiginous structures of signal void due to high-velocity flow were noted around and within the tumors on all sequences. In one case, the signal void structures were well corresponded with feeding arteries on angiography. These may be the characteristic findings of the extraadrenal paraganglioma involving the spine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Findings of the Spinal Paraganglioma: Report of Three Cases

Shin

Lee

Hwang³

et al. 2001

J Korean Med Sci

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“…Only a few cases of spinal paraganglioma have been The origin of primary paraganglioma in the spine is uncertain, since the existence of paraganglia cells in the CNS remains unclear. Sundgren et al (17) suggest that a spinal paraganglioma may originate from sympathetic neurons in the thoracic and lumbar lateral horns of the spinal cord or heterotopic neurons, which lie along these branches proximal to the sympathetic trunk. Guevara et al (7) believed that paraganglioma developed from the incomplete regression of fetal paraganglia, with persistence of vestigial tissue till adult life.…”

Section: █ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paragangliomas of the spine

Lu²,

Dai³

2015

Turkish Neurosurgery

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Clinical presentations and courses of spinal paragangliomas are varied, and there are no standard principles of treatment to date (1,8). In this article, we report the clinical data of 7 consecutive cases with complete medical records and followup results that were treated in our institutions, in an attempt to explore the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. █ mATERIAl and mEThODSA retrospective analysis was performed in 7 patients with spinal paraganglioma in our hospital from October 2000 to October 2011. No patient was lost in the follow-up period. There were 6 cases of primary spinal paraganglioma and one case █ INTRODUCTION P aragangliomas are rare tumors that arise from the paraganglia cells of the neuroendocrine system and account for 0.3% of all neoplasms (2,4). More than 80% of this kind of tumor develops within or near the glomus jugulare and carotid body. Paragangliomas of spinal involvement are extremely rare. Primary spinal paragangliomas usually take the form of intradural compression of the cauda equina or intra/extradural compression of the thoracic and cervical spinal cord (1). The first case of metastatic spread of a paraganglioma to the spine was reported in 1948. So far, less than 30 cases of spinal metastases by paragangliomas have been reported in English.AIm: Paragangliomas of the spine are rare tumors. Clinical presentations and courses of spinal paragangliomas are varied, and there are no standard principles of treatment to date. The purpose of this study was to explore the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of spinal paragangliomas. mATERIAl and mEThODS:The clinical data of 7 consecutive cases, with complete medical records and follow-up results that were treated in our institutions from October 2000 to October 2011, was retrospectively reviewed.RESUlTS: There were 6 males and 1 female with a mean age of 40 years (range, 16-61). The follow-up period ranged from 40 to 98 months (mean, 72 months). Of the 6 primary spinal paragangliomas, one lesion was in the cervical intradural extramedullary space, one in the thoracic epidural space and four in the lumbar intradural extramedullary space. All tumors were totally resected and no recurrence was detected during the follow-up period. Of the metastatic case, the lesion of the spine was located in the first lumbar epidural space and vertebra. The patients underwent surgical resection two times with radiotherapy, but the tumor recurred and the patient suffered from the paraplegia of lower limbs and urine and stool incontinence during the follow-up period. No patient died.CONClUSION: Spinal paragangliomas are rare lesions and seldom considered in the presurgical differential diagnosis due to its rarity and non-specific clinical symptoms and imaging features. Clinical follow-up was necessary to determine the outcome. Complete resection is necessary to prevent recurrence. The role of radiotherapy in the management of these lesions needs further assessment.

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“…4,16 Spinal paragangliomas are rare and there is no agreement on their origin since there are no paraganglias in this region (sympathetic autonomous medullar nerves or heterotopic cells). 6 Their most common localization is intradural extramedullar in the lumbosacral tract. We found only eight cases of thoracic primitive nonsecernent extradural paragangliomas in the literature and only two cases of thoracic extradural secernent ones 1,9-13,15 ( Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most cases describe the lesions as extramedullary and intradural, most frequently sited at the level of the cauda equina and the filum terminale. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Findings in the extradural space at a cervical or dorsal spinal level are particularly rare. 1,3,4,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] We describe the case of a thoracic extradural paraganglioma invading the thoracic cavity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thoracic extradural paragangliomas: a case report and review of the literature

et al. 2005

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Case report: A 43-year-old woman with a thoracic lesion extending into the extradural space along four levels, T 1 -T 4 , presented with sudden spastic incomplete paraplegia and paresthesia at the lower limbs. Results: The neoplasm was surgically resected 'en bloc' and histological findings corresponded to paraganglioma. One year after surgery, the patient was walking without assistance, a T 3 -T 4 hypoesthesia was still present and an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study showed no signs of focal recurrence. Conclusions: The imaging features of thoracic paragangliomas may be misleading and an advanced malignant lesion could be primarily suspected; thus, a histological study is always needed. Total resection is the gold standard therapy. Owing to the risk of recurrence or multicentric growth, follow-up must be prolonged and accurate.

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Paragangliomas of the spinal canal

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

MR Findings of the Spinal Paraganglioma: Report of Three Cases

MR Findings of the Spinal Paraganglioma: Report of Three Cases

Paragangliomas of the spine

Thoracic extradural paragangliomas: a case report and review of the literature

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