Paradoxical Effect of Nonalcoholic Red Wine Polyphenol Extract, Provinols™, in the Regulation of Cyclooxygenases in Vessels from Zucker Fatty Rats (fa/fa)

Abstract

The aim of this work was to study the vascular effects of dietary supplementation of a nonalcoholic red wine polyphenol extract, Provinols, in Zucker fatty (ZF) obese rats. ZF or lean rats received diet supplemented or not with Provinols for 8 weeks. Vasoconstriction in response to phenylephrine (Phe) was then assessed in small mesenteric arteries (SMA) and the aorta with emphasis on the contribution of cyclooxygenases (COX). Although no difference in vasoconstriction was observed between ZF and lean rats both in SMA and the aorta, Provinols affected the contribution of COX-derived vasoconstrictor agents. The nonselective COX inhibitor, indomethacin, reduced vasoconstriction in vessels from both groups; however, lower efficacy was observed in Provinols-treated rats. This was associated with a reduction in thromboxane-A2 and 8-isoprostane release. The selective COX-2 inhibitor, NS398, reduced to the same extent vasoconstriction in aortas from ZF and Provinols-treated ZF rats. However, NS398 reduced response to Phe only in SMA from ZF rats. This was associated with a reduction in 8-isoprostane and prostaglandin-E release. Paradoxically, Provinols decreased COX-2 expression in the aorta, while it increased its expression in SMA. We provide here evidence of a subtle and paradoxical regulation of COX pathway by Provinols vessels from obese rats to maintain vascular tone within a physiological range.

Effect of Bioactive Compound of Aronia melanocarpa on Cardiovascular System in Experimental Hypertension

“…Increased flavonoid consumption correlated with positive effect on low-density lipoproteins, blood pressure, and flow-mediated dilation [ 7 ]. Polyphenols with numerous biological activities are used for their ability to act as an antioxidant either by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) or inhibiting enzymes involved in the ROS production [ 1 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Biological Potential of Polyphenols in the Context of Metabolic Syndrome: An Analysis of Studies on Animal Models

“…The decline in vascular tone is probably linked to the modulation of the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) and COX-derived vasoconstrictive agents via a mechanism that involves the NF-κB pathway. The vasoprotective effect of the dietary supplementation of red vine polyphenols is also associated with a reduction in the release of vasoconstrictive factors such as thromboxane-A2 and 8-isporostone [61,62].…”

CHARACTERIZATION OF MERLOT DRY RED WINE COMPOSITION ACCORDING TO THE YEAR OF PRODUCTION. Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIII, 2019 ISSN 2285-1364, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-5521, ISSN Online 2285-1372, ISSN-L 2285-1364

“…XXIII, 2019ISSN 2285-1364, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-5521, ISSN Online 2285-1372, ISSN-L 2285-1364 diseases (Giacosa et al, 2013;Biasi et al, 2014;Tresserra et al, 2015). Grape-derived polyphenols are possessing cytoprotective properties and antioxidant properties, thereby effectively binding free radicals and preventing from the diseases such as the risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders and certain types of cancers (Jiang et al, 2019;Zadnipryany et al, 2017;Agouni et al, 2017;Biasi et al, 2014). Moreover, polyphenols from red wine possess a significant antiinflammatory action protecting the intestinal barrier integrity (Nunes et al, 2019).…”