Paradoxes in community-based tourism initiatives: insights from two case studies in central Vietnam

A multicriteria approach to assessing the sustainability of community-based ecotourism in Central Vietnam

“…Besides, the living standard of local people in CBET is low, so economic factors are considered necessary. This result differs from some studies by Tan et al (2019), where economics is the leading factor, and by Lee and Jan (2019) , where culture is an essential factor. This study's findings support Gladstone et al (2013) and Kiss (2004) when the environment is the most crucial factor in ecotourism.…”

“…The development of tourism infrastructures such as resorts, jetties, walkways, artificial lagoons, artificial beaches, and groins led to the loss of habitat, wildlife disturbance, reduced coral growth (Gladstone, Curley, & Shokri, 2013) and the harassment of wild animals in national parks (Himberg, 2006). In addition, tourism has not continuously operated in the interests of local people, resulting in an inauthentic representation (Tan, Fumikazu, & Dinh, 2019) and cultural alienation of ethnic minorities (Cuong, 2020), causing conflict between host and tourist.…”

“…Despite presenting many efforts, the CBET programs are still facing severe problems and challenges, including pressure on the natural environment, livelihood and life quality impacts, interest conflicts amongst stakeholders, low capacity, and limited tourism skills of local communities (Hong & Saizen, 2019;Ngo, Lohmann, & Hales, 2018;Suntikul et al, 2016). Besides, the number of CBET destinations rapidly grew without specific planning and unclear criteria that caused negative impacts on environmental resources and harm to host communities' norms and identity (Tan et al, 2019;Thái, 2018). Notably, in addition to lacking a legal framework and detailed guidelines, most documents, even official reports issued by the government, do not use the term CBET or ecotourism explicitly and distinctly (Hoa, 2012).…”

Climate shocks and responses: Perspectives and experiences of ethnic minority farmers in rural mountainous regions of Central Vietnam

“…At the same time, four FGDs (two at TD; two at SK) were undertaken with 4–6 participants each. In-depth interviews with 18 key informants were also carried out to add qualitative information; provide a further understanding of study areas, social norms, and local identities; and help build relations among interviewers and ethnic minority households [ 57 ]. We add that participant surveyed data have been anonymized to ensure the privacy of personal information, however, this has not distorted the scholarly meaning.…”

Fenntarthatósági átmenet: kihívások és innovatív megoldások : Nemzetközi tudományos konferencia a Magyar Tudomány Ünnepe alkalmából

“…In addition, residents' support for tourism expansion was most strongly influenced by their perception of the economic benefits and their level of participation in the community in Indonesia (Nugroho & Numata, 2022). Other researchers mentioned that the urgency and strategic significance of HR training for CBT development necessitates prioritizing this crucial issue in regions with a comparative advantage in the development of community-based tourism in Vietnam (Phuong et al, 2020;Tan et al, 2022). To optimize the long-term viability of community-based tourism in Southeast Asia, it is critical to achieve a thorough comprehension of the distinctive attributes and conduct extensive research about this domain within the Southeast Asian context.…”