Paradigmeskiftet i dansk udviklingspolitik

Abstract

Har den danske udviklingspolitik ændret sig i det ny årtusind, og i så fald, hvad er drivkræfterne bag? Med udgangspunkt i Peter Halls begrebsapparat identificerer denne artikel skiftet i udviklingspolitik som en første-, anden- og tredjeordens forandring og dermed som et paradigmeskift, der er sket løbende som konsekvens af flere beslutninger i perioden siden 2001. Både bistandens størrelse, sammensætning af instrumenter og formål har ændret sig markant, idet bistandsprocenten er blevet reduceret med 30 pct., sammensætningen af bistanden er forandret med reducerede tildelinger til landeprogrammer i de fattigste lande og FN, og formålet er ikke længere fattigdomsreduktion over alle andre hensyn. Hvor Hall lægger vægt på endogene læreprocesser, viser artiklen, at dette paradigmeskift i højere grad er et resultat af en eksogen politisering af bistanden koblet med et forudgående skift i policyarena.

With Hearts and Minds: Exploring the Impact Investing Marketplace and Related Strategising

“…22 . As pointed out by Kjaer (2020) and Engberg-Pedersen & Fejerskov (2018a), the strategy bought notable change as the gap between aid and investments was closed. As described by Engberg-Pedersen & Fejerskov (2018a), the changes were framed as a -policy shift, as it was described how private-and financial actors had knowledge, competencies and technology to solve sustainability challenges p. 12).…”

“…Here Danida emphasised as opportunities to widen the field of commercially sustainable investments in the developing countries p. 31) and described the need to leverage financial insubstantial and measurable development impacts while at the same time generating a reasonable financial return p. 31). Overall, the strategy breaks away from the idea that donor aid is reserved for grant-based development projects and civil actors (Kjaer, 2020) 23 . Meanwhile, blended finance, public-private partnerships, and investments with blended value features are seen as new mechanisms to gear donor aid and enhance Danida objectives (Danida, 2017, UM, 2013.…”

“…However, the new strategy is outside the scope of this study, as it was released too late to be included. 23 Scholars such as Kjaer (2020), Engberg-Pedersen (2020), Ravnsborg (2019), Engberg-Pedersen & Fejerskov (2018) and Heldgaard ( 2018) have observed these changes to Danish development policy and strategy in recent decades.…”

“…Moreover, civil society organisations (referred to as civil actors) are also "increasingly partnering with businesses and promoting sustainable private investments" (Danida,9 Scholars such as Kjaer (2020), Ravnborg (2019), Engberg-Pedersen (2020; and Engberg-Pedersen & Fejerskov (2018) have documented the paradigm shifts within Denmark development strategy-and policy relating to the expanding role of Danish financial-and private actors able to leverage new resources. 10 Within the Danish development context, other actors are also increasingly playing a more central role.…”

“…For example, the Danish private sector, which provides market-based solutions for SDG-related challenges in developing economies, could be investment opportunities for financial actors seeking blended value (Danida, 2019a). Here, Kjaer (2020) and Engberg-Pedersen (2020) has documented how the Danish private sector has become a central point in Denmark's development strategy. As explored in Chapter 4, business and development are becoming two sides of the same coin (Danida, 2019a;.…”