Parabens in 24h urine samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank from 1995 to 2012

Moos, Rebecca K.; Koch, Holger M.; Angerer, Jürgen; Apel, Petra; Schröter-Kermani, Christa; Brüning, Thomas; Kolossa-Gehring, Marike

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.07.005

Cited by 57 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…Significant gender differences were observed on the concentrations of MeP, PrP, and BuP in the urine samples (Table 1). In particular, MeP and PrP levels were higher among females, which is consistent with previous reports elsewhere [15,17,26,27,42,43]. In Wang et al [44], the concentration of total urinary parabens in female was about 10 times higher than male in China.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Among the general population of the USA participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2012 (n = 2489; [15]), both MeP and PrP have been detected in >94% of the population. Of 660 urine samples collected in Germany between 1995 and 2012, MeP, EtP, and PrP were detected in 79-99% [16,17]. In most cases, MeP has been detected at the highest concentrations, followed by PrP, EtP, and BuP [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Vegetarian Dietary Intervention on Urinary Paraben Concentrations: A Pilot Study with ‘Temple Stay’ Participants

Kim

et al. 2020

Toxics

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Personal care products and cosmetics have been identified as major sources of paraben exposure among humans. However, the contribution of dietary factors has not been well understood. We recruited temple stay participants (n = 25) who followed a strict Buddhist vegetarian diet during a five-day period, and assessed the influence of this lifestyle change, employing their urine samples collected before and after the temple stay. Before the temple stay, methylparaben (MeP) was detected at the highest levels, followed by ethylparaben (EtP), propylparaben (PrP), butylparaben (BuP), and benzophenones (BPs) in the urine samples. Following the temple stay, the urinary EtP concentrations remarkably increased from 14.0 to 105 μg/L, and were around two orders of magnitude higher than those reported from other countries. Dietary factors associated with the temple diet may partly explain the increase, because EtP is allowed in Korea for seasoning and condiments, which are frequently added in vegetarian diets. Following the temple stay, however, MeP, PrP, and BPs did not show significant decreasing trends. In contrast, BuP levels decreased significantly, especially in male urine samples, that is, from 3.60 to 1.03 μ/L, suggesting a reduced use of certain personal care products during the temple stay. Our observations outline the potential importance of dietary factors on EtP exposure, and might help explain its high exposure levels among Korean population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Vegetarian Dietary Intervention on Urinary Paraben Concentrations: A Pilot Study with ‘Temple Stay’ Participants

Kim

et al. 2020

Toxics

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“…Parabens have been detected in human urine, serum, adipose tissue, milk, amniotic fluid and placental tissue [107][108][109][110][111][112][113], and in human breast cancer tissues [114,115]. In humans, dermal exposure to paraben-containing products is important for their absorption because some parabens penetrate the human skin [116]; the systemic absorption of parabens after environmental exposure has also been confirmed, although it seems to be a less important paraben source [38].…”

Section: Parabensmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cosmetic Ingredients as Emerging Pollutants of Environmental and Health Concern. A Mini-Review

2017

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Cosmetic and personal care products are used in huge quantities throughout the world; as a result of their regular use, they are continuously released into the environment in very large amounts. Many of these products are biologically active and are characterized by persistence and bioaccumulation potential, posing a threat to ecosystem and human health. On the basis of the most recent scientific literature available on this subject, this paper provides an overview of some cosmetic ingredients that are considered environmental emerging pollutants of particular concern such as UV filters, some preservatives (parabens, triclosan), and microplastics.

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“…Die höchsten Nachweisraten fanden sich für Me-, Et-und n-Pr-PB Im Rahmen eines Forschungsvorhabens des Umweltbundesamtes (UBA) wurden die neuen Analysenmethoden zur Bestimmung von Parabenen [33] an Urinproben der Umweltprobenbank für Humanproben (UPB Hum) angewandt [39]. In die Untersuchungen einbezogen waren: Me-, Et-, n-Pr-, iso-Pr-, n-Bu-, iso-Bu-, Pe-, H-und Bz-PB.…”

Section: Bundesgesundheitsblatt -Gesundheitsforschung -Gesundheitssunclassified

Stoffmonographie für Parabene – Referenzwerte für Parabene im Urin von Erwachsenen

Umweltbundesamtes¹

2014

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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Die Alkyl-und iso-Alkylester sowie den Benzylester der 4-Hydroxy-Benzoesäu-re (4-HBA) und deren Natriumsalze bezeichnet man als Parabene. Der Methylund der Ethylester der 4-Hydroxy-Benzoesäure werden vor allem als Konservierungsmittel in Nahrungsmitteln, Medikamenten und kosmetischen Produkten verwendet. Der Propyl-und der Butylester der 4-HBA dürfen nicht in Nahrungsmitteln eingesetzt werden [1]. Dagegen ist die Verwendung der genannten 4 Alkylester der 4-HBA und ihrer Isoformen einzeln oder im Gemisch in kosmetischen Artikeln bis zu einer Konzentration von 0,8 % erlaubt [2]. Diese Produkte sind als kontinuierliche Expositionsquellen über den Kontakt mit Haaren, Nägeln, Lippen, Augen, Mund und Schleimhäu-ten einzustufen. Aufnahme, Verteilung, Metabolismus

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Parabens in 24h urine samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank from 1995 to 2012

Cited by 57 publications

References 59 publications

Influence of Vegetarian Dietary Intervention on Urinary Paraben Concentrations: A Pilot Study with ‘Temple Stay’ Participants

Influence of Vegetarian Dietary Intervention on Urinary Paraben Concentrations: A Pilot Study with ‘Temple Stay’ Participants

Cosmetic Ingredients as Emerging Pollutants of Environmental and Health Concern. A Mini-Review

Stoffmonographie für Parabene – Referenzwerte für Parabene im Urin von Erwachsenen

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