Para-kala-azar dermal Leishmaniasis cases in Indian subcontinent – A case series

Kumar, Rakesh; Das, Vidya Nand Rabi; Topno, Roshan Kamal; Pal, Biplab; Imam, Adnan; Agrawal, Kanhaiyalal; Singh, Anima; Murti, Krishna; Lal, Chandra Shekhar; Verma, Neena; Das, Pradeep; Pandey, Krishna

doi:10.1080/20477724.2016.1258163

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In this study, most of the patients were aged between 18-45 years which is similar to an Indian case series where 6 out of 9 patients were under this age group [9]. The average body temperature and spleen size were, however, higher than that of the Indian case series.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The average body temperature and spleen size were, however, higher than that of the Indian case series. Most of the patients presented with macular type PKDL-like lesions-which is the most common type in the Indian subcontinent and resembles other studies as well [9,10].…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The skin lesions also improved during this period, but exact data on the improvement of skin lesions (Reduction of the number of areas of skin affected, skin microscopy/qPCR results) were unavailable. A case series reported from India treated VL and PKDL separately, using AmBisome to treat VL, followed by Miltefosine to treat PKDL after one month of initial treatment or VL [9].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Revisiting the diagnosis and treatment of Para Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis in the endemic foci of Bangladesh

Maruf

Sagar²,

Rashid³

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Para Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (Para-KDL) manifests the concomitant presence of Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis and Visceral Leishmaniasis and works as a reservoir of infection. The study discusses the cases and their management and aims to address the gaps within existing methods of diagnosis and treatment. This retrospective cross-sectional study discusses 16 Para-KDL cases with one-year follow-up data, treated between 2012–2021 at the Surya Kanta Kala-azar Research Center, Bangladesh. We collected data from hospital records and used STATA 16 to analyze and see the frequency distribution and variable means. We found five patients without any history of kala-azar infection. All the patients were treated with 20 mg/kg Liposomal Amphotericin B in 4 divided doses except one with a history of AmBisome hypersensitivity. One year after treatment, all patients were free from skin lesions, with no hepatosplenomegaly, and observed significant improvement in BMI and hemoglobin levels. The Para-KDL patients are challenging to diagnose, and the relapse and treatment failure leishmania patients might have belonged to this rare group, contributing to their poor prognosis. Therefore, developing an appropriate diagnostic workflow and a new drug regimen is essential to sustain the success of our elimination efforts.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Revisiting the diagnosis and treatment of Para Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis in the endemic foci of Bangladesh

Maruf

Sagar²,

Rashid³

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…We found 2 unusual cases of concomitant PKDL and VL in the community which is recently termed as para kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. A series of 9 cases described by Kumar et al 13 indicates that para kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis is not very uncommon in endemic areas. Our survey showed that kala-azar was verging on a greater proportions and appearance of such an outbreak is serious because of the risk of spread to other areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experience with an Outbreak of Kala-azar in a Rural Area of Bangladesh

et al. 2019

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Background: A large number of kala-azar cases from a particular village in Debigonj upazila of Panchaghar, a remote district of Bangladesh, led us to carry out the study of the situation. Materials & methods: This cross-sectional study was done among clinically screened people at the health camp in two days in Dararhat in Debigonj upazila of Panchaghar. Results: Around 700 people were screened at the health camp and 51 (7.2%) were suspected to have either Kala-azar or related disorders where 42 (82%) were rk-39 test positive. The disease was more prevalent among adult (59.6%) and children (23.8%) under the age of 10 years. However, there was no clear linear relationship between the prevalence of the disease and age group. Kala-azar occurred in both male and female, and its prevalence did not correlate significantly with income. A history of fever (73.8%) and splenomegaly (45.2%) was noted in most of the kala-azar cases. A significant number of PKDL (26.2%) cases were also found in that area. Conclusions: Since there are a significant proportion of PKDL cases, eradication will be very tough unless the health authority take adequate measure to identify and treat them properly. J MEDICINE JUL 2019; 20 (1) : 25-28

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“…In the case of our patient, who faced both the variants, a treatment protocol was planned from both the guideline and insights from previous reports. A case series was found from India where VL and PKDL were treated separately, utilizing liposomal amphotericin B for VL and initiating Miltefosine for PKDL one month after the initial VL treatment [ 14 ]. Our patient was also first treated with a single dosage of Liposomal Amphotericin B (10 mg/kg body weight) for relapse visceral leishmaniasis, followed by Miltefosine (2.5 mg/kg/daily) 50 mg twice a day for 12 weeks for PKDL (Fig.…”

Section: Patient Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case report on para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: an unresolved mystery

Hasan,

Proma,

Hossain

et al. 2023

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a dermatosis that occurs 2–3 years after an apparently successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). In rare cases, PKDL occurs concurrently with VL and is characterized by fever, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly or lymphadenopathy, and poor nutritional status and is known as Para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (Para-KDL). Co-association of active VL in PKDL patients is documented in Africa, but very few case reports are found in South Asia. Case summary We present a case of Para-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (Para-KDL) in a 50-year-old male patient with a history of one primary Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) and 2 times relapse of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). The patient presented with fever, skin lesions, and hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory tests revealed LD bodies in the slit skin smear and splenic biopsy. The patient was treated with two cycles of Amphotericin B with Miltefosine in between cycles for 12 weeks to obtain full recovery. Conclusion This case report serves as a reminder that Para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis can develop as a consequence of prior visceral leishmaniasis episodes, even after apparently effective therapy. Since para-kala-azar is a source of infectious spread, endemics cannot be avoided unless it is effectively recognized and treated.

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Para-kala-azar dermal Leishmaniasis cases in Indian subcontinent – A case series

Abstract: Case summaryHere, we are presenting a series of nine cases; who were residents of Bihar, India. The details of clinical features,

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Revisiting the diagnosis and treatment of Para Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis in the endemic foci of Bangladesh

Revisiting the diagnosis and treatment of Para Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis in the endemic foci of Bangladesh

An Experience with an Outbreak of Kala-azar in a Rural Area of Bangladesh

A case report on para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: an unresolved mystery

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