Papillae formation on trichome cell walls requires the function of the mediator complex subunit Med25

Fornero, Christy; Suo, Bangxia; Zahde, Mais; Juveland, Katelyn; Kirik, Viktor

doi:10.1007/s11103-017-0657-x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…expansion is defined by a group of mutants that are characterized by grossly distorted trichomes (23). Finally, maturation of trichomes as recognized by the formation of small papilla on their outer surface is dependent on genes of the glassy group (11,24).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic and molecular analysis of trichome development in Arabis alpina

Chopra

Mapar

Stephan

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The genetic and molecular analysis of trichome development in Arabidopsis thaliana has generated a detailed knowledge about the underlying regulatory genes and networks. However, how rapidly these mechanisms diverge during evolution is unknown. To address this problem, we used an unbiased forward genetic approach to identify most genes involved in trichome development in the related crucifer species Arabis alpina. In general, we found most trichome mutant classes known in A. thaliana. We identified orthologous genes of the relevant A. thaliana genes by sequence similarity and synteny and sequenced candidate genes in the A. alpina mutants. While in most cases we found a highly similar genephenotype relationship as known from Arabidopsis, there were also striking differences in the regulation of trichome patterning, differentiation, and morphogenesis. Our analysis of trichome patterning suggests that the formation of two classes of trichomes is regulated differentially by the homeodomain transcription factor AaGL2. Moreover, we show that overexpression of the GL3 basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor in A. alpina leads to the opposite phenotype as described in A. thaliana. Mathematical modeling helps to explain how this nonintuitive behavior can be explained by different ratios of GL3 and GL1 in the two species.Arabis alpina | trichomes | genetic analysis

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confidence: 99%

Genetic and molecular analysis of trichome development in Arabis alpina

Chopra

Mapar

Stephan

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The formation of specialized epidermal structures requires precise signaling guidance (Fornero et al 2017 ). In this study, we cloned the SMALL PAPILLAE DEFICIENT25 ( SPD25 ) gene, which is a novel allele of OsRopGEF10 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Papillae Regulated by SPD25 are Critical for Balancing Photosynthetic CO2 Assimilation and Water Loss in Rice

Zhu,

Zeng,

Liang

et al. 2023

Rice

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Background The leaf epidermis plays an important role in the transmission of light and the regulation of water and gas exchange, which influences the photosynthesis of mesophyll cells. Small papillae (SP) are one of the important structural elements of the leaf epidermis. The mechanism of the effect that small papillae have on rice leaf photosynthetic performance remains unclear. Results In this study, a small papilla deficient 25 (spd25) mutant was isolated from japonica rice Longjin1. Small papillae were absent on the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces of the spd25 mutant and the silicon and cuticular wax content in the spd25 mutant leaves decreased. Map-based cloning and functional analysis revealed that SPD25, encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rop, is a novel allele of OsRopGEF10. The spd25 mutant showed an increased water loss rate and reduced relative water content. The lower stomatal conductance in the spd25 mutant prevented water loss but decreased the intercellular CO2 concentration and net assimilation rate. The fluorescence parameters showed that the inhibited CO2 assimilation reaction feedback regulated the photochemical electron-transfer reaction, but the performance of Photosystem II was stable. Further analysis indicated that the excess light energy absorbed by the spd25 mutant was dissipated in the form of non-photochemical quenching to avoid photodamage through the optical properties of small papillae. Conclusions SPD25 regulates the development of small papillae on the surface of rice leaves, which play an important role in balancing photosynthetic gas exchange and water loss. This study deepens our understanding of the physiological mechanisms by which small papillae affect photosynthetic performance.

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“…The discovery that these processes are frequently not trichome‐specific but apply to many different tissues spurred the role of A. thaliana trichomes as a paradigm for cell developmental processes (Hülskamp, 2004). More recently, A. thaliana trichomes have been proposed as a model to study the biogenesis of the plant cell wall (Fornero, Suo, Zahde, Juveland, & Kirik, 2017; Kulich et al., 2018; Suo, Seifert, & Kirik, 2013). The eminent role of trichomes as a model for various cellular, developmental, and physiological processes in plant biology has made them an attractive target for global profiling approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Isolation and Purification of High‐Quality Arabidopsis thaliana Trichomes

2022

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Trichomes are fine outgrowths on the surface of aerial plant organs which play a role in protecting plants against water loss, UV radiation, and herbivore feeding. Throughout the years, trichomes have become a popular paradigm in biological research. For example, trichomes on rosette leaves of the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana have been used as a model to investigate cell development, cell differentiation, and, more recently, cell wall biogenesis. State of the art ‐omics studies on specific cell types or tissues often require physical separation, enrichment, and purification. This, of course, also applies to leaf trichomes, and various methods have thus been proposed to separate trichomes and leaf tissue. Though most of these methods are indeed suitable for trichome isolation, they suffer in part from tedious operating procedures, low yield, poor sample purity, and reduced trichome integrity. We have thus revised a previously reported method for trichome isolation, and report here an efficient and scalable procedure for the isolation and gradient centrifugation–based purification of high‐quality A. thaliana trichomes. We describe the preparation of plant material and trichome release, which is based on prolonged gentle agitation of plant seedlings in the presence of a cation‐chelating agent that weakens trichome‐leaf interactions. We also outline the steps for the subsequent recovery and purification of the isolated crude trichome fraction, which is based on the use of discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifugation. In addition to A. thaliana, we have found that this procedure can be applied to release and enrich glandular and non‐glandular trichomes from various species, including Solanum lycopersicum and Nicotiana benthamiana. The resulting purified leaf trichomes can be subjected to different types of bioassays, including histochemistry, biochemical quantification of cell wall monosaccharides, and transcriptomics, as well as proteomic profiling. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of plant material for release and enrichment of A. thaliana trichomes Basic Protocol 2: Purification of A. thaliana trichomes by density gradient centrifugation

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Papillae formation on trichome cell walls requires the function of the mediator complex subunit Med25

Cited by 6 publications

References 58 publications

Genetic and molecular analysis of trichome development in Arabis alpina

Genetic and molecular analysis of trichome development in Arabis alpina

Small Papillae Regulated by SPD25 are Critical for Balancing Photosynthetic CO2 Assimilation and Water Loss in Rice

Efficient Isolation and Purification of High‐Quality Arabidopsis thaliana Trichomes

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