Paper product production identified as the main source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in a Norwegian lake: Source and historic emission tracking

Langberg, Håkon Austad; Arp, Hans Peter H.; Breedveld, Gijs D.; Slinde, Gøril Aasen; Høisæter, Åse; Grønning, Hege Mentzoni; Jartun, Morten; Rundberget, Thomas; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Hale, Sarah E.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116259

Cited by 62 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 89 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Anthropogenic activities are widely regarded as the major source of PFAS contamination. The sources of PFAS in the environment depend on production methods or application during the manufacturing of other products [ 26 ]. Primary manufacturing industries produce PFAS and secondary production facilities use PFAS to produce goods for industrial, commercial and consumer applications [ 27 ].…”

Section: “Forever Chemicals”: Persistence and Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Integrated Crop–Livestock Systems: Environmental Exposure and Human Health Risks

Jha

Kankarla

Mclennon

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are highly persistent synthetic organic contaminants that can cause serious human health concerns such as obesity, liver damage, kidney cancer, hypertension, immunotoxicity and other human health issues. Integrated crop–livestock systems combine agricultural crop production with milk and/or meat production and processing. Key sources of PFAS in these systems include firefighting foams near military bases, wastewater sludge and industrial discharge. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances regularly move from soils to nearby surface water and/or groundwater because of their high mobility and persistence. Irrigating crops or managing livestock for milk and meat production using adjacent waters can be detrimental to human health. The presence of PFAS in both groundwater and milk have been reported in dairy production states (e.g., Wisconsin and New Mexico) across the United States. Although there is a limit of 70 parts per trillion of PFAS in drinking water by the U.S. EPA, there are not yet regional screening guidelines for conducting risk assessments of livestock watering as well as the soil and plant matrix. This systematic review includes (i) the sources, impacts and challenges of PFAS in integrated crop–livestock systems, (ii) safety measures and protocols for sampling soil, water and plants for determining PFAS concentration in exposed integrated crop–livestock systems and (iii) the assessment, measurement and evaluation of human health risks related to PFAS exposure.

show abstract

Section: “Forever Chemicals”: Persistence and Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Integrated Crop–Livestock Systems: Environmental Exposure and Human Health Risks

Jha

Kankarla

Mclennon

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Shellfish are considered an important source of direct consumption of PFAS since there is a high frequency of positive results among them, although the number of samples analyzed is small [ 9 ]. Studies reveal that production of paper products may be a major PFAS point source, being an important vector for PFAS in the aquatic environment [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Food Contact Materials (FCM) and Its Migration to Food

Carnero

Lestido‐Cardama

Loureiro

et al. 2021

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemical compounds widely used in different industry fields including food contact materials (FCM), providing resistance to fat and humidity, and non-stick properties. PFAS enter into the food chain directly from the intake of contaminated food or indirectly from the migration of the FCM into the food. This exposure published in different research highlights a public health concern. Therefore, it is necessary to perform analysis of the content of different FCM and evaluate the migration from the FCM under normal conditions of use and storage. This bibliographical review proves that different perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl compounds are detected in fast food packaging, microwave popcorn bags, and frying pans, among others. Furthermore, it shows the conditions or factors that favor the migration of the PFAS from the FCM into the food.

show abstract

“…PFAS have a broad application range being used in industrial processes and consumer products and are commonly found in, amongst others, aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) used to fight fires, clothing and textiles, disposal paper products, personal care products, herbicides and pesticides (Glüge et al, 2020). Both point source releases (Ahrens et al, 2015;Langberg et al, 2021) and diffuse sources (Taniyasu et al, 2013) have resulted in PFAS being found at elevated concentrations in diverse media [soil, water, sediment, plants, ice, biota (Hale et al, 2017;Ghisi et al, 2019;Knutsen et al, 2019;Garnett et al, 2021)] and in pristine environments (Haukås et al, 2007;Skaar et al, 2019). Remediation methods for PFAS contaminated soil and water do not always result in full removal (Ross et al, 2018;Ateia et al, 2019), thus contamination becomes irreparable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This site has previously been reported to be contaminated by a diverse suite of PFAS, reflected in high sediment and biota concentrations, however water concentrations were reported to be relatively low (Slinde and Høisaeter, 2018). This study is the first to use passive samplers to characterise PFAS emissions resulting from the production of paper products and in particular to quantify the PFOS precursors: perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA), perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (FOSAA), methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamido acetic acid (MeFOSAA) and ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamido acetic acid (EtFOSAA) (Benskin et al, 2013;Langberg et al, 2020;Langberg et al, 2021). Including PFAS precursors in monitoring campaigns is vital in order to gain a more accurate estimate of environmental PFAS burdens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Passive Samplers to Track per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Emissions From the Paper Industry: Laboratory Calibration and Field Verification

Hale

Canivet

Rundberget

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are becoming more stringently regulated and as such, a more diverse suite of environmental monitoring methods is needed. In this work a polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) with a nylon membrane and a combination of Oasis WAX and Fluoroflash® sorbents was calibrated in the laboratory and deployed in the field. A static renewal system was used to determine sampling rates for 12 PFAS which ranged between 0.69 ± 0.27 to 5.68 ± 1.80 L/day. POCIS devices were deployed for 10 days in lake Tyrifjorden, Norway which is known to be contaminated by a closed down factory producing paper products, in order to track the evolution of the PFAS contamination in a river system draining into the lake. Th sampling campaign enabled the stretch of the river which was responsible for the emissions of PFAS to lake Tyrifjorden to be identified. Freely dissolved concentrations determined with the POCIS were lowest at the site considered to reflect a diffuse PFAS contamination and highest at the site located downstream the factory. Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (EtFOSAA) dominated the concentration profile at this site. Emissions of PFAS to lake Tyrifjorden were estimated to be 3.96 g/day for the sum of the 12 investigated PFAS.

show abstract

Paper product production identified as the main source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in a Norwegian lake: Source and historic emission tracking

Cited by 62 publications

References 89 publications

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Integrated Crop–Livestock Systems: Environmental Exposure and Human Health Risks

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Integrated Crop–Livestock Systems: Environmental Exposure and Human Health Risks

Presence of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Food Contact Materials (FCM) and Its Migration to Food

Using Passive Samplers to Track per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Emissions From the Paper Industry: Laboratory Calibration and Field Verification

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About