Pap smear screening and changes in cervical cancer mortality in Sweden

Mählck, Carl-Gustav; Jonsson, Håkan; Lenner, Per

doi:10.1016/0020-7292(94)90177-5

Cited by 77 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The application of screening programmes has reduced the incidence of squamous carcinoma in Sweden substantially during the last decades (Mählck et al, 1994;Ponten et al, 1995). Yet, several studies suggest that a single Pap smear has a high falsenegative rate (Macgregor et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent gain of the human telomerase gene TERC at 3q26 in cervical adenocarcinomas

Andersson

Hellström

et al. 2006

Br J Cancer

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The level of genomic amplification of the human telomerase gene TERC, which maps to chromosome band 3q26, was determined in primary cervical adenocarcinomas. Interphase nuclei prepared from archival material of 12 primary cervical adenocarcinomas, eight of which were human papillomavirus positive, were hybridised with a triple colour probe set specific for centromeres of chromosomes 3 and 7 and the TERC gene. We observed high proportions of nuclei with increased absolute copy numbers for TERC in all tumours (mean 3.3; range 2.3 -5.2). Amplification of the human telomerase gene TERC is a consistent aberration in cervical adenocarcinomas. Therefore, application of our probe set may provide an objective genetic test for the assessment of glandular cells in Pap smears and hence for the diagnosis of cervical adenocarcinomas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent gain of the human telomerase gene TERC at 3q26 in cervical adenocarcinomas

Andersson

Hellström

et al. 2006

Br J Cancer

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“…[5][6][7] It has been claimed that majority of cervical cancer could be prevented if women were offered and complied with cytological screening programmes. 8 Recently, prophylactic vaccines to human papilloma virus also have claimed the potential of protecting the girls of new generation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding Cervical Cancer Screening Amongst Women visiting Tertiary Centre in Kathmandu, Nepal

2013

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Background: Cervical cancer is one of the commonest cancers in Nepal. Fortunately, it is preventable by detecting precancerous lesions and early invasive cancers by various screening tools. Screening can be possible if women are aware of the problem and if they have positive attitude .Therefore this study was conducted to find out about the knowledge, attitude and practice of cervical cancer in Nepalese women attending a tertiary level hospital in Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was conducted in gynaecological out patient department of Kathmandu Medical College from January to March 2011. Structured questionnaire was used. Demographic profile of women was noted and questions pertaining to knowledge, attitude and practice on screening for cervical cancer were asked. Results: There were 105 respondents, of whom 65.7% had heard about cervical cancer. However, only 42.9% and 18.1% had knowledge about screening for cervical cancer and Pap smear test respectively. More than 85% of women had positive attitude towards screening but the uptake of Pap smear test in the respondents was only 10.5%. It was found that advancing age and longer duration of marriage were significantly associated with better knowledge, attitude and practice. Conclusion: Knowledge and practice of the screening for cervical cancer was poor in gynaecological patients visiting a tertiary level hospital. However the attitude of women towards screening was positive. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 02 | Number 02 | July-December 2013 | Page 85-90 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v2i2.8941

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“…Screening by Papanicolaou (Pap) smear has markedly reduced incidence and mortality. [2][3][4] Vaccines to prevent infection with specific oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV), the main cause of cervical cancer, 5 are available but it will be long before effects on cancer will be measurable. 6,7 At least until then, screening programs will remain the key defense against this disease.…”

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confidence: 99%

Increasing participation in cervical cancer screening: Telephone contact with long‐term non‐attendees in Sweden. Results from RACOMIP, a randomized controlled trial

Broberg

Jonasson

Ellis

et al. 2013

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Non-participation is the foremost screening-related risk factor for cervical cancer. We studied the effectiveness and costeffectiveness of an intervention to increase participation in the context of a well-run screening program. Telephone contact with non-attendees, offering an appointment to take a smear, was compared with a control group in a population-based randomized trial in western Sweden. Of 8,800 randomly selected women aged 30-62, without a registered Pap smear in the two latest screening rounds, 4,000 were randomized to a telephone arm, another 800 were offered a high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) self-test by mail (not reported in this article) and 4,000 constituted a control group. Endpoints were frequency of testing, frequency of abnormal smears and further assessment of abnormal tests. Participation during the following 12 months was significantly higher in the telephone arm than in the control group, 718 (18.0%) versus 422 (10.6%) [RR: 1.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.52-1.90]. The number of detected abnormal smears was 39 and 19, respectively (RR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.19-3.55). The respective numbers of further assessed abnormalities were 34 and 18 (RR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.07-3.34). Twice as many high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN21) were detected and treated in the telephone arm: 14 and 7, respectively. Telephone contact with women who have abstained from cervical cancer screening for long time increases participation and leads to a significant increase in detection of atypical smears. Cost calculations indicate that this intervention is unlikely to be cost-generating and this strategy is feasible in the context of a screening program.Cervical cancer is considered to be a preventable disease. Screening by Papanicolaou (Pap) smear has markedly reduced incidence and mortality. [2][3][4] Vaccines to prevent infection with specific oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV), the main cause of cervical cancer, 5 are available but it will be long before effects on cancer will be measurable. 6,7 At least until then, screening programs will remain the key defense against this disease.8 A recent audit of the Swedish screening program, in which all cases of invasive cervical epithelial carcinoma during 3 years were evaluated, showed that

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Pap smear screening and changes in cervical cancer mortality in Sweden

Abstract: The study supports the hypothesis that gynecological Pap smear screening has had an important impact on the reduction in cervical cancer mortality.

Cited by 77 publications

References 14 publications

Frequent gain of the human telomerase gene TERC at 3q26 in cervical adenocarcinomas

Frequent gain of the human telomerase gene TERC at 3q26 in cervical adenocarcinomas

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding Cervical Cancer Screening Amongst Women visiting Tertiary Centre in Kathmandu, Nepal

Increasing participation in cervical cancer screening: Telephone contact with long‐term non‐attendees in Sweden. Results from RACOMIP, a randomized controlled trial

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