Pantoea intestinalis sp. nov., isolated from the human gut

Abstract

A novel bacterial strain, 29Y89B T , was isolated from a faecal sample of a healthy human subject. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped. Strain 29Y89B T formed cream-coloured colonies 2 mm in diameter on trypticase soy agar and showed optimum growth at 35 8C. Strain 29Y89B T showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Pantoea gaviniae A18/07 T (98.4 %) followed by Pantoea calida 1400/07 T (97.2 %). Multi-locus sequence analysis using atpD (ATP synthase b subunit), gyrB (DNA gyrase), infB (initiation translation factor 2) and rpoB (RNA polymerase b subunit) genes also supported the result of 16S rRNA gene sequence based phylogeny. Strain 29Y89B T showed 62 and 40.7 % DNA-DNA relatedness with P. calida DSM 22759 T and P. gaviniae DSM 22758 T . Strain 29Y89B T contained C 17 : 0 cyclo, C 19 : 0 cyclo v8c, C 16 : 0 , C 14 : 0 and C 12 : 0 as predominant fatty acids. In addition, strain 29Y89B T showed physiological and phenotypic differences from its closest relatives P. gaviniae DSM 22758 T and P. calida DSM 22759 T . The polar lipid profile mainly comprised phospholipids. The DNA G+C content was 59.1 mol%. Thus, based on the findings of the current study, strain 29Y89B T showed clear delineations from its closest relatives P. gaviniae DSM 22758 T and P. calida DSM 22759 T , and is thus considered to represent a novel species of the genus Pantoea, for which the name Pantoea intestinalis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 29Y89B T (5DSM 28113 T 5MCC 2554 T ).The human gut is a complex reservoir of trillions of microbes (De Filippo et al., 2010;Gill et al., 2006;Kallus & Brandt, 2012;Kau et al., 2011). These microbial cells outnumber the human body cells by about 100 times (Fujimura et al., 2010). Gut bacteria perform important functions and protect the host against pathogen invasion, improve the host's metabolic activities, enhance the host's immunity (De Filippo et al., 2010), and play an important role in the host's pathogenesis and obesity (Zhang et al., 2009). They help the host in extracting energy from fermentation of undigested carbohydrates and subsequent absorption of short chain fatty acids (Cummings & Macfarlane, 1997). Most reports on the human microbiome have been mainly based on cultureindependent molecular studies. Culture-independent approaches have provided deeper insight into the unexplored diversity of micro-organisms, which could not be attained through culture-dependent studies (Hugenholtz et al., 1998). However, culture-independent methodologies fail to clarify the functionality of micro-organisms (Prakash et al., 2013b). Thus, it is essential to cultivate the bacteria for a better understanding of their physiology and functions regarding host health and ecology.The family Enterobacteriaceae contains members of the genera Escherichia, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Yersinia, Salmonella, Shigella, Enterobacter, Pantoea and many others. The genus Pantoea was first reported by Gavini et al. (1989). Members of the genus Pantoea are Gram-stainnegative, co...

Pantoea alhagi, a novel endophytic bacterium with ability to improve growth and drought tolerance in wheat

“…The DNA G+C content of strain LTYR-11Z T was 53.4 mol%, which is within the range reported for species of the genus Pantoea (52.7–60.6 mol%) 18 , but much lower than those of its closest phylogenetic relatives P. theicola NBRC 110557 T and P. intestinalis DSM 28113 T (57.2 and 59.1mol%, respectively) 20 26 . Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain LTYR-11Z T and P. theicola NBRC 110557 T and P. intestinalis DSM 28113 T were 44.2 ± 6.6% and 32.1 ± 4.7%, respectively, clearly lower than the threshold value of 70% recommended to be used as a standard for species delineation 27 .…”

Phylogenomic resolution of the bacterial genus Pantoea and its relationship with Erwinia and Tatumella

“…This genus currently comprises 23 species and subspecies (Gavini et al, 1989b, Mergaert et al, 1993, Brady et al, 2007, Brady et al, 2008, Brady et al, 2009, Brady et al, 2010a, Popp et al, 2010, Brady et al, 2011, Brady et al, 2012, Gueule et al, 2015, Prakash et al, 2015, Tanaka et al, 2015, with a further two species (P. pleuroti and P. hericii) recently described…”

Neonatal Thoracic Infection with Mixta

“…In our patient, breastmilk was not cultured. P. intestinalis has been isolated from human faeces previously [ 4 ], though this report does not include clinical details or the subject's age. The lack of concurrent faecal culture in our patient makes drawing conclusions challenging.…”

“…The Erwiniaceae are a family of gram-negative, aerobic coliforms which are pathogenic to a number of plants [ 1 ]. Recently described within this family are the Pantoea , strains of which have been associated with infection in immunocompromised children [ 2 ] and nosocomial infection such as central venous line-associated bacteraemia and post-surgical meningitis [ 3 ], but also colonisation of a healthy human subject's gastrointestinal tract, as well as a variety of agricultural diseases [ 4 ]. In 2015, a further clade of this family was established as the genus Mixta .…”