Pant hoot chorusing and social bonds in male chimpanzees

Fedurek, Paweł; Machanda, Zarin; Schel, Anne Marijke; Slocombe, Katie E.

doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.05.010

Cited by 99 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In chimpanzees, male dyads were more likely to be involved in affiliative behaviours, such as reciprocal grooming, joint non-vocal displays and coalitions, on days when they chorused together, compared with days when they did not [26]. It was also found that primate species with more grooming interactions have larger vocal repertoires, regardless of habitat conditions [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Grooming-at-a-distance by exchanging calls in non-human primates

et al. 2015

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The 'social bonding hypothesis' predicts that, in large social groups, functions of gestural grooming should be partially transferred to vocal interactions. Hence, vocal exchanges would have evolved in primates to play the role of grooming-at-a-distance in order to facilitate the maintenance of social cohesion. However, there are few empirical studies testing this hypothesis. To address this point, we compared the rate of contact call exchanges between females in two captive groups of Japanese macaques as a function of female age, dominance rank, genetic relatedness and social affinity measured by spatial proximity and grooming interactions. We found a significant positive relationship between the time spent on grooming by two females and the frequency with which they exchanged calls. Our results conform to the predictions of the social bonding hypothesis, i.e. vocal exchanges can be interpreted as grooming-at-a-distance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Grooming-at-a-distance by exchanging calls in non-human primates

et al. 2015

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“…Gestural communication that has previously been suggested to be important in relation to social bonds includes gestures made when encountering each other after a natural period of separation, in response to the threat of aggression or after receiving aggression (Roberts et al, 2014a; Taglialatela et al, 2015). Vocal communication hypothesized to be important in relation to social bonding in chimpanzees includes pant-hoot calls produced solo or jointly with group members in conjunction with visual or auditory gestures (Mitani and Nishida, 1993; Fedurek et al, 2013) and one-to-one calls (e.g., low intensity pant-grunt calls produced by a subordinate individual towards a dominant chimpanzee). Whilst it is well-known that chimpanzees use a wide variety of gestures and vocalizations when interacting, there have been no systematic studies of how both vocal and gestural communication relate to association and grooming patterns in chimpanzees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Brain Hypothesis: Vocal and Gesture Networks of Wild Chimpanzees

Roberts

2016

Front. Psychol.

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A key driver of brain evolution in primates and humans is the cognitive demands arising from managing social relationships. In primates, grooming plays a key role in maintaining these relationships, but the time that can be devoted to grooming is inherently limited. Communication may act as an additional, more time-efficient bonding mechanism to grooming, but how patterns of communication are related to patterns of sociality is still poorly understood. We used social network analysis to examine the associations between close proximity (duration of time spent within 10 m per hour spent in the same party), grooming, vocal communication, and gestural communication (duration of time and frequency of behavior per hour spent within 10 m) in wild chimpanzees. This study examined hypotheses formulated a priori and the results were not corrected for multiple testing. Chimpanzees had differentiated social relationships, with focal chimpanzees maintaining some level of proximity to almost all group members, but directing gestures at and grooming with a smaller number of preferred social partners. Pairs of chimpanzees that had high levels of close proximity had higher rates of grooming. Importantly, higher rates of gestural communication were also positively associated with levels of proximity, and specifically gestures associated with affiliation (greeting, gesture to mutually groom) were related to proximity. Synchronized low-intensity pant-hoots were also positively related to proximity in pairs of chimpanzees. Further, there were differences in the size of individual chimpanzees' proximity networks—the number of social relationships they maintained with others. Focal chimpanzees with larger proximity networks had a higher rate of both synchronized low- intensity pant-hoots and synchronized high-intensity pant-hoots. These results suggest that in addition to grooming, both gestures and synchronized vocalizations may play key roles in allowing chimpanzees to manage a large and differentiated set of social relationships. Gestures may be important in reducing the aggression arising from being in close proximity to others, allowing for proximity to be maintained for longer and facilitating grooming. Vocalizations may allow chimpanzees to communicate with a larger number of recipients than gestures and the synchronized nature of the pant-hoot calls may facilitate social bonding of more numerous social relationships. As group sizes increased through human evolution, both gestures and synchronized vocalizations may have played important roles in bonding social relationships in a more time-efficient manner than grooming.

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“…In particular, consonant with both Hagen and colleagues' signaling theory and their approach grounded in evolutionary biology, investigators have documented the importance of synchronized behavior in coalitional signaling and aggression in a number of species, including cetaceans (Connor et al, 2006; Cusick & Herzing, 6 2014;Perelberg & Schuster, 2008;Senigaglia & Whitehead, 2012;, birds (Hall & Magrath, 2007), and primates (Fedurek et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronized behavior increases assessments of the formidability and cohesion of coalitions

Fessler

Holbrook

2016

Evolution and Human Behavior

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Synchronized behavior is a common feature of martial drills and military parades in many societies. Hagen and colleagues Hagen & Hammerstein, 2009) hypothesized that the intentional enactment of synchronized behavior evolved as a means of signaling coalitional strength, as individuals who can synchronize are able to act in concert in agonistic contexts. Previous research has explored either the subjective consequences of synchrony for participants in synchronized behaviors or the effect of synchrony on observers' impressions of rapport among the synchronized actors. Critically, left untested is the central tenet that, by communicating that the individuals constitute a coordinated unit, synchronized behaviors signal elevated fighting capacity. We tested this prediction in two studies by asking large U.S. samples to judge the envisioned physical formidability -previously demonstrated to summarize assessments of diverse determinants of fighting capacity -of U.S. soldiers or terrorists on the basis of audio tracks of either synchronous or asynchronous footsteps.Consonant with the agonistic signaling hypothesis, participants judged the synchronized target individuals to be larger and more muscular than the unsynchronized individuals, an effect mediated by their assessment that the former collectively constitute a single unified entity.Although synchronized footsteps also enhanced listeners' perceptions of social bonding among the target individuals, this assessment did not mediate their judgments of elevated formidability, suggesting that synchrony primarily signals fighting capacity via revealed entitativity rather than inferred motivation.Keywords: synchrony; signaling; fighting capacity; entitativity; perceived coalitional quality 2 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Synchronized behavior: theory and prior research. Across widely diverse cultures, and among societies of very different scales, synchronized behavior is a prominent feature of rituals and collective displays. Over the last two decades a growing literature has explored the psychological effects of synchronized movement and synchronized sound production (reviewed in Keller et al., 2014). At an elementary level, the effects of synchrony can be dichotomized into two classes, namely the impact that synchrony has on participants in such activities, and the impact that it has on observers. In a seminal book, McNeill (1995) proposed that synchronized movement enhances social bonding among participants, and that, over the course of human history, this process has played a pivotal role in the rise of cooperation.Pushing the roots of synchrony even farther back in time, Hagen and colleagues Hagen & Hammerstein, 2009) argued that music and dance derive from phylogenetically ancient coordinated territorial defense signals; in humans, these signals were refined to communicate the size, cohesiveness, and capabilities of coalitions, as intentionally enacted synchronized behavior inherently requires both the ability and the motivation to effectively coordinate actions. In b...

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Pant hoot chorusing and social bonds in male chimpanzees

Cited by 99 publications

References 42 publications

Grooming-at-a-distance by exchanging calls in non-human primates

Grooming-at-a-distance by exchanging calls in non-human primates

Social Brain Hypothesis: Vocal and Gesture Networks of Wild Chimpanzees

Synchronized behavior increases assessments of the formidability and cohesion of coalitions

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