Panoramic radiographic findings of the mandibular foramen from deciduous to early permanent dentition

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the position of the mandibular foramen from deciduous (Hellman's stage IIA) to early permanent dentition (Hellman's stage IVA). Panoramic radiographs of 311 Taiwanese children were used. The results revealed that the distances between the mandibular foramen and ramus anterior plane were greater than those between the mandibular foramen and ramus posterior plane through all stages. The mean difference between them was the smallest (0.25 mm) in stage IIA and the greatest (1.18 mm) in stage IIIC. The distance from the mandibular foramen to the alveolar crest plane showed a little change from stage IIA (3.99 mm) to IVA (5.26 mm). The gonial angle had a negative correlation with the distances between the mandibular foramen and each mandibular border. Evaluation of the mandibular foramen from the oral aspect can be influenced by the degree of mouth opening.

Age‐Associated Changes of the Mandibular Foramen Position in Anteroposterior Dimension and of the Mandibular Angle in Dry Human Mandibles

“…Nevertheless, the results of both the studies are similar but not identical. Similarly, the present results are also in accordance but not identical with Tsai (2004) who studied the MF position from deciduous to early permanent dentition on 311 panoramic radiographs of Taiwanese children. It was concluded that through all stages, the MF is located at the posterior half of the ramus and moves anteriorly by 1.5 mm from deciduous to permanent dentition.…”

“…In contrast, the posterior ramus had two growth spurts: between stages 1 and 2 and between stages 3 and 4. In contrast, Tsai (2004) found only one growth spurt in the posterior ramus, which occurred after the permanent mandibular second molars erupted.…”

“…Harrison (1948) concluded from measurements of several anatomic landmarks in developing and adults' mandibles that it is a mistake to rely on any technique for an inferior alveolar injection that depends on fixed measurements for obtaining either the correct insertion point or the depth to which the needle is to pass in order to reach the sulcus. In contrast, Tsai (2004Tsai ( , 2002 concluded that in the Taiwanese population, the MF moves anteriorly with age concomitantly with the decreasing size of the gonial angle (GA) and hypothesized that the change in the MF position with age results from bone apposition in the posterior border of the ramus, and the decrease in the GA results from functional forces exerted from the masseter and medial pterygoid muscles. Anatomic structures evaluated with cephalometric or panoramic radiographs have been found to be inaccurate (Tronje et al, 1981;McDavid et al, 1985;Tronje et al, 1985;Kaffe et al, 1994).…”

Morphological changes in the position of the mandibular foramen in dentate and edentate Brazilian subjects

“…Alterations in mandibular foramen position during skull growth (Tsai, 2004), presence of accessory nerves to the mandibular teeth (Clark et al, 1999), incorrect anesthetic technique or variability of mandibular foramen position (Nicholson, 1985;Afsar et al, 1998;Mbajiorgu, 2000;Oguz and Bozkir, 2002) can determine failure of IAN block. Hayward et al (1977), after evaluating Asiatic and white and black American skulls, described the location of the mandibular foramen at the third quadrant of the mandibular ramus along its anterior-posterior axis.…”

A Study on the Position of the Mandibular Foramen in Korean Children Using Panoramic Radiographs

“…하악공에 가깝게 마취액 을 주입하는 것이 중요하지만, 하악공은 촉진이 어려운 내부 구 조물이므로 그 위치를 평가할 수 있는 또 다른 기준점의 표준화 가 필요하다 [2][3][4] . 지금까지 파노라마 방사선 사진과 두부 방사선 사진을 이용 한 하악공의 위치에 대한 연구는 많이 이루어졌다 1,[5][6][7][8][9][10] . 하악공 이 하악지 중앙의 바로 후방부에 위치하거나 1,9) , 하악지의 후방 3/4에 위치한다는 연구 결과 10) 등 다양한 결과들을 보여주었다.…”