Panorama of Bacterial Infections Caused by Epidemic Resistant Strains

Santos, João Victor de Oliveira; Júnior, Sérgio Dias da Costa; Medeiros, Sandrelli Meridiana de Fátima Ramos dos Santos; Cavalcanti, Iago Dillion Lima; Souza, Jaqueline Barbosa de; Coriolano, Davi Lacerda; Silva, Wagner Roberto Cirilo da; Alves, Maria Helena Menezes Estevam; Cavalcanti, Isabella Macário Ferro

doi:10.1007/s00284-022-02875-9

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most infectious Gram-positive bacteria affecting people in hospitals and communities (de Oliveira Santos et al, 2022). Owing to its relatively high virulence and plasticity, S. aureus can adapt to various environmental conditions, and is resistant to almost all antimicrobial drugs (Mlynarczyk-Bonikowska et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial sensitizers from natural plants: A powerful weapon against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cai²,

Xia³

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a drug-resistant bacterium that can cause a range of infections with high morbidity and mortality, including pneumonia, etc. Therefore, development of new drugs or therapeutic strategies against MRSA is urgently needed. Increasing evidence has shown that combining antibiotics with “antibacterial sensitizers” which itself has no effect on MRSA, is highly effective against MRSA. Many studies showed the development of antibacterial sensitizers from natural plants may be a promising strategy against MRSA because of their low side effects, low toxicity and multi-acting target. In our paper, we first reviewed the resistance mechanisms of MRSA including “Resistance to Beta-Lactams”, “Resistance to Glycopeptide antibiotics”, “Resistance to Macrolides, Aminoglycosides, and Oxazolidinones” etc. Moreover, we summarized the possible targets for antibacterial sensitizers against MRSA. Furthermore, we reviewed the synergy effects of active monomeric compounds from natural plants combined with antibiotics against MRSA and their corresponding mechanisms over the last two decades. This review provides a novel approach to overcome antibiotic resistance in MRSA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial sensitizers from natural plants: A powerful weapon against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cai²,

Xia³

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…9 ESBL-producing Enterobacterales are more prevalent in the United States and Brazil, with isolation rates of approximately 12.05% and 11%, respectively. 10,11 In Europe, studies conducted from 2011 to 2013 showed that the rate of ESBL-producing strains was 45.6% in KP. In Asian countries, a study conducted between 2008 and 2014 found that 94.3% of Enterobacterales strains were ESBL producers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The generation of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) is a major mechanism resulting in drug resistance in Enterobacterales, 4,11 which can hydrolyze different generations of cephalosporins and carbapenems. 14 blaCTX-M can hydrolyze several cephalosporins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality Risk Factors and Prognostic Analysis of Patients with Multi-Drug Resistant Enterobacterales Infection

Wang¹,

Li²,

Kang³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Background:The data from the China Network Antibacterial Surveillance Center (http://www.chinets.com) showed that the prevalence of Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), and Enterobacter cloacae (ecl), was 18.96%, 14.12%, and 2.74% in 2022, respectively. The resistance rates of E. coli and KP to 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporins were 51.7% and 22.1%, to carbapenems was 1.7% and 3.9%, to quinolones was 55.9% in Shanxi. The generation of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) is a major mechanism resulting in drug resistance in Enterobacterales. To determine the mortality risk factors of multi-drug resistant Enterobacterales (MDRE) and multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) infection. Methods: 91 MDR strains from 91 patients were collected from 2015 to 2019 in the second hospital of Shanxi Medical University. The mortality risk factors for the MDRE infections and clinical outcomes were analyzed by univariable and multivariable analysis. The independent predictors of 30-day mortality were analyzed through the Cox regression analysis including the variables with a value <0.2. Results: The majority of patients were admitted to ICUs. Pulmonary infection was a major infection (43.96%, 40/91). Thirty-three (36.26%, 33/91) strains of MDR-KP were only detected in 2018. The proportion of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli (MDR E. coli) and multi-drug resistant Enterobacter cloacae (MDR ecl) were 16.48% (15/91) and 17.58% (16/91), respectively. The presence of cerebrovascular diseases (OR, 4.046; 95%Cl,; P=0.008) and central venous catheterization (OR, 4.543; 95%Cl, P=0.015) were associated with mortality in patients with MDRE infections. Endotracheal intubation (OR, 4.654; 95%Cl,; P=0.008) was an independent mortality risk factor for patients infected with MDR-KP strains. Patients who received aminoglycoside antibiotics (P=0.057) had a higher 30-day survival rate. The β-lactam antibiotics were the major agent in the clinic. Conclusion:This study implies that patients with cerebrovascular diseases, central venous catheterization, and endotracheal intubation are at risk of carrying MDR isolates.

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“… 1 As the multiclass antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of K. pneumoniae is widespread in hospitals, especially in the intensive care unit, it becomes a great threat to public health. 2 Although carbapenem antibiotics can be used for the treatment of drug-resistant bacteria, K. pneumoniae has acquired carbapenemase that can inactive carbapenems, thus conferring carbapenem-resistant, other mechanisms including porin loss, efflux pump, and the production of extended spectrum beta-lactamases or AmpC beta-lactamases also led to carbapenem-resistant. 1 Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) is a great challenge for clinicians, as it can cause invasive infections, with few therapeutic options and high mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking the Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in an Emergency Intensive Care Unit by Whole Genome Sequencing

Li¹,

Wang²,

Qiao³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Purpose The spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has become a great threat to human health, especially in the intensive care unit. The aim of this study was to identify the origin and transmission route of a CRKP outbreak in an emergency intensive care unit (EICU), so as to provide prevention and control strategies for CRKP outbreak. Methods Between Mar and Jun 2018, 10 CRKP isolates from 5 patients in the EICU ward of Shanghai Ruijin hospital north were collected. Modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were performed on all 10 CRKP isolates. By integrating the genomic and epidemiological data of our isolates and 9 CRKP isolates from an outbreak in another hospital, a putative transmission map was constructed. Results All 10 outbreak strains were carbapenemase positive in mCIM and belonged to the sequence type 11 (ST11) clone, harbored a set of resistance genes and virulence genes. The phylogenetic tree of CRKP isolates based on two outbreaks revealed that the initial isolate A1 in our EICU ward belonged to one branch of isolates in another hospital, this introductive isolate evolved and caused a subsequent outbreak in our EICU. Conclusion Integration of genomic and epidemiological data can yield a clear transmission map of CRKP outbreak. Monitoring the rapid evolution of CRKP at the early stage of outbreak, CRKP monitoring after patients are discharged, active surveillance of newly admitted patients, environmental hygiene and efficient antibiotic treatment may be the key to prevent and control of CRKP outbreak.

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Panorama of Bacterial Infections Caused by Epidemic Resistant Strains

Cited by 30 publications

References 96 publications

Antibacterial sensitizers from natural plants: A powerful weapon against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Antibacterial sensitizers from natural plants: A powerful weapon against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Mortality Risk Factors and Prognostic Analysis of Patients with Multi-Drug Resistant Enterobacterales Infection

Tracking the Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in an Emergency Intensive Care Unit by Whole Genome Sequencing

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