Abstract:Background
A panic attack (PA) is an intense form of anxiety accompanied by multiple somatic presentations, leading to frequent emergency department visits and impairing the quality of life. A prediction model for PAs could help clinicians and patients monitor, control, and carry out early intervention for recurrent PAs, enabling more personalized treatment for panic disorder (PD).
Objective
This study aims to provide a 7-day PA prediction model and determine the relati… Show more
“…Year of publication, n (%) [27,30,38,48,52,59,63,64,69,81] 10 ( 13) 2022 [19][20][21]23,25,28,41,45,49,54,61,62,68,73,74,77,78] 17 (25) 2021 [22,29,31,33,40,43,44,53,57,60,66,70,71,76,79] 15 (22) 2020 [26,32,34,42,46,47,51,56,…”
Section: References Values Featuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Type of publication, n (%) [19,21,23,[25][26][27][28][29][30]34,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][56][57][58][59][60][61][64][65][66][69][70][71][73][74][75][77][78][79]81,82,84,86,87] 49 (71) Journal article [20,22,24,…”
Section: References Values Featuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Target condition [19,20,[23][24][25][26][27][28]30,32,[34][35][36][37][38]42,43,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] 12) Wired [81] 1 (1) ANT+ (ANT Wireless) a The number of studies does not add up, as 1 (1%) study has both commercial and noncommercial wearable devices. b The number of studies does not add up, as several studies have used >1 wearable device.…”
Section: References Values N (%) Featuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…AI category [19,20,23,25,26,31,33,34,37,39,40,42,46,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][63][64][65][66][67][69][70][71]73,[75][76][77][78][79][80][81]83,84,86,87] 46 (67) ML a [24,29,32,44,47,62,82...…”
Section: References Studies N (%) Featurementioning
Background
Anxiety and depression are the most common mental disorders worldwide. Owing to the lack of psychiatrists around the world, the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into wearable devices (wearable AI) has been exploited to provide mental health services.
Objective
This review aimed to explore the features of wearable AI used for anxiety and depression to identify application areas and open research issues.
Methods
We searched 8 electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar) and included studies that met the inclusion criteria. Then, we checked the studies that cited the included studies and screened studies that were cited by the included studies. The study selection and data extraction were carried out by 2 reviewers independently. The extracted data were aggregated and summarized using narrative synthesis.
Results
Of the 1203 studies identified, 69 (5.74%) were included in this review. Approximately, two-thirds of the studies used wearable AI for depression, whereas the remaining studies used it for anxiety. The most frequent application of wearable AI was in diagnosing anxiety and depression; however, none of the studies used it for treatment purposes. Most studies targeted individuals aged between 18 and 65 years. The most common wearable device used in the studies was Actiwatch AW4 (Cambridge Neurotechnology Ltd). Wrist-worn devices were the most common type of wearable device in the studies. The most commonly used category of data for model development was physical activity data, followed by sleep data and heart rate data. The most frequently used data set from open sources was Depresjon. The most commonly used algorithm was random forest, followed by support vector machine.
Conclusions
Wearable AI can offer great promise in providing mental health services related to anxiety and depression. Wearable AI can be used by individuals for the prescreening assessment of anxiety and depression. Further reviews are needed to statistically synthesize the studies’ results related to the performance and effectiveness of wearable AI. Given its potential, technology companies should invest more in wearable AI for the treatment of anxiety and depression.
“…Year of publication, n (%) [27,30,38,48,52,59,63,64,69,81] 10 ( 13) 2022 [19][20][21]23,25,28,41,45,49,54,61,62,68,73,74,77,78] 17 (25) 2021 [22,29,31,33,40,43,44,53,57,60,66,70,71,76,79] 15 (22) 2020 [26,32,34,42,46,47,51,56,…”
Section: References Values Featuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Type of publication, n (%) [19,21,23,[25][26][27][28][29][30]34,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][56][57][58][59][60][61][64][65][66][69][70][71][73][74][75][77][78][79]81,82,84,86,87] 49 (71) Journal article [20,22,24,…”
Section: References Values Featuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Target condition [19,20,[23][24][25][26][27][28]30,32,[34][35][36][37][38]42,43,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] 12) Wired [81] 1 (1) ANT+ (ANT Wireless) a The number of studies does not add up, as 1 (1%) study has both commercial and noncommercial wearable devices. b The number of studies does not add up, as several studies have used >1 wearable device.…”
Section: References Values N (%) Featuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…AI category [19,20,23,25,26,31,33,34,37,39,40,42,46,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][63][64][65][66][67][69][70][71]73,[75][76][77][78][79][80][81]83,84,86,87] 46 (67) ML a [24,29,32,44,47,62,82...…”
Section: References Studies N (%) Featurementioning
Background
Anxiety and depression are the most common mental disorders worldwide. Owing to the lack of psychiatrists around the world, the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into wearable devices (wearable AI) has been exploited to provide mental health services.
Objective
This review aimed to explore the features of wearable AI used for anxiety and depression to identify application areas and open research issues.
Methods
We searched 8 electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar) and included studies that met the inclusion criteria. Then, we checked the studies that cited the included studies and screened studies that were cited by the included studies. The study selection and data extraction were carried out by 2 reviewers independently. The extracted data were aggregated and summarized using narrative synthesis.
Results
Of the 1203 studies identified, 69 (5.74%) were included in this review. Approximately, two-thirds of the studies used wearable AI for depression, whereas the remaining studies used it for anxiety. The most frequent application of wearable AI was in diagnosing anxiety and depression; however, none of the studies used it for treatment purposes. Most studies targeted individuals aged between 18 and 65 years. The most common wearable device used in the studies was Actiwatch AW4 (Cambridge Neurotechnology Ltd). Wrist-worn devices were the most common type of wearable device in the studies. The most commonly used category of data for model development was physical activity data, followed by sleep data and heart rate data. The most frequently used data set from open sources was Depresjon. The most commonly used algorithm was random forest, followed by support vector machine.
Conclusions
Wearable AI can offer great promise in providing mental health services related to anxiety and depression. Wearable AI can be used by individuals for the prescreening assessment of anxiety and depression. Further reviews are needed to statistically synthesize the studies’ results related to the performance and effectiveness of wearable AI. Given its potential, technology companies should invest more in wearable AI for the treatment of anxiety and depression.
“…Regarding the usage of ML in the context of physiological data, the literature is quite recent, and almost non-existent when taking into account the diseases and mental health monitoring using wearables. Nevertheless, we found usage of the generalized linear mode (GLM) [ 28 ], KNN, SVM [ 30 , 54 , 62 , 63 ], RF [ 30 , 32 , 62 , 63 ], logistic regression (LR) [ 30 ], extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) [ 32 ], linear discriminant analysis (LDA) [ 32 ], AdaBoost [ 32 , 62 ], decision trees (DTs) [ 32 , 62 ], Bayesian networks (BNs) [ 62 ], and artificial neural networks (ANNs) [ 62 ].…”
Mental illness, whether it is medically diagnosed or undiagnosed, affects a large proportion of the population. It is one of the causes of extensive disability, and f not properly treated, it can lead to severe emotional, behavioral, and physical health problems. In most mental health research studies, the focus is on treatment, but fewer resources are focused on technical solutions to mental health issues. The present paper carried out a systematic review of available literature using PRISMA guidelines to address various monitoring solutions in mental health through the use of wearable sensors. Wearable sensors can offer several advantages over traditional methods of mental health assessment, including convenience, cost-effectiveness, and the ability to capture data in real-world settings. Their ability to collect data related to anxiety and stress levels, as well as panic attack
Early‐stage disease detection, particularly in Point‐Of‐Care (POC) wearable formats, assumes pivotal role in advancing healthcare services and precision‐medicine. Public benefits of early detection extend beyond cost‐effectively promoting healthcare outcomes, to also include reducing the risk of comorbid diseases. Technological advancements enabling POC biomarker recognition empower discovery of new markers for various health conditions. Integration of POC wearables for biomarker detection with intelligent frameworks represents ground‐breaking innovations enabling automation of operations, conducting advanced large‐scale data analysis, generating predictive models, and facilitating remote and guided clinical decision‐making. These advancements substantially alleviate socioeconomic burdens, creating a paradigm shift in diagnostics, and revolutionizing medical assessments and technology development. This review explores critical topics and recent progress in development of 1) POC systems and wearable solutions for early disease detection and physiological monitoring, as well as 2) discussing current trends in adoption of smart technologies within clinical settings and in developing biological assays, and ultimately 3) exploring utilities of POC systems and smart platforms for biomarker discovery. Additionally, the review explores technology translation from research labs to broader applications. It also addresses associated risks, biases, and challenges of widespread Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration in diagnostics systems, while systematically outlining potential prospects, current challenges, and opportunities.
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