Pandemics and methodological developments in epidemiology history

Morabia, Alfredo

doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.06.008

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The examples of the plague, cholera, and influenza of 1918 seem to indicate that these pandemics stimulated the development of new methods in epidemiology. Tuberculosis and HIV / AIDS cases indicate the same phenomenon 5 . Despite the above, it can be argued that pandemics and methodological developments actually have different histories that perhaps only seem to be associated in time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pandemics and the development of scientific methods in the history of epidemiology

Morabia

2020

Colomb Med

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Covid-19 pandemic has made me see the history of epidemiology differently. Pandemics are such impressive events that they can exert urgent pressure to identify new modes of research and new methodologies to replace methods that have failed in the past. Some examples seem to corroborate this idea. The plague There is no doubt that one of the most important events in the history of science occurred in the 17th century when population thinking was discovered. All human and social sciences such as sociology, demography, Darwinian biology, political economy, statistics and epidemiology, have their origin in the discovery that dictates that events in populations can be predictable and have a probability of occurrence. Then the occurrence of events in populations can be quantified, can be compared between populations and can be the source of scientific knowledge. This true revolution in scientific thought is a consequence of changes in society that occurred due to plague pandemics. Since the great pandemic of the 14th century, outbreaks of plague in Europe caused great confusion in cities and increasingly threatened existing powers. It was the case of the monarchical society of England. In the event of an outbreak of plague in London, the nobles, the wealthy, and the army left the city, where only the poor remained. The situation became chaotic in London. It was quickly clear that there was a certain chronological regularity in the outbreaks. They started with a small but growing number of deaths in some parishes before spreading throughout the city. In the 16th century the city of London began to collect data on the number and location of pest deaths. The system was improved in the 17th century and extended to all causes of death, making it possible -by the end of the century- to organize orderly outings from London in the event of an outbreak of plague, preventing chaos. These data were printed and placed on the walls of the city. They were called the “Bills of mortality”, death posters. In this process, a temporal series of mortality data was established in London over decades.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pandemics and the development of scientific methods in the history of epidemiology

Morabia

2020

Colomb Med

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is worth noting that syphilis has marked European history since the 15th century [43] and that pandemics of infectious diseases were more common than rare. Also, tuberculosis has affected populations for many centuries [44]. Therefore, in view of their personal contacts and other aspects of lifestyle, it is not surprising that the composers mentioned in this article have been affected by these diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten Famous Composers of the Romantic Era and Their Causes of Death

Pauwels¹

2021

Med Princ Pract

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The musical composers in the Romantic Era (1800-1910) strived for compositions that expressed human life, including happiness, harmony and despair. They lived in a period in which freedom of thinking, expression of emotion and inspiration by nature predominate. During this period, intensive trading with other parts of the world brought new microorganisms along, which made infections and epidemics very common. This article serves to address the cause of death and relevant biographic data of a number of well- known Romantic composers. Primarily, this review refers to clinically significant findings using reports that were retrieved from Pubmed, Embase and Google over the 19th, 20th and 21st century till 14th June 2021. Here, this text dwells on diseases and the cause of death of ten composers, namely Mozart, Beethoven, Chopin, Schubert, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Brahms, Liszt, Mahler and Bruckner. It is evident that, in the sight of modern medicine, symptoms and forensic facts are not complete, but witnesses' reports and recent medical research have provided passable and plausible clarity. Although many questions will remain unanswered, it appears that the diseases of these composers and their causes of death have their origins in alcohol abuses, age, epidemics (like tuberculosis) and syphilis.

show abstract

“…Such decisions are inherently multidisciplinary, regardless of whether their proponents acknowledge them as such, and are best served by the application of multidisciplinary expertise to policy development and evaluation. This proposed epistemological shift from biomedicine to holism in American public health science, although conceptually similar to methodological changes that commonly follow in the wake of pandemics [71] , would have potentially broader implications for the policy research paradigm by affecting scope, method, and shared understandings of health expertise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Pandemics, policy, and the power of paradigm: will COVID-19 lead to a new scientific revolution?

Fairman

2022

Annals of Epidemiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pandemics and methodological developments in epidemiology history

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Pandemics and the development of scientific methods in the history of epidemiology

Pandemics and the development of scientific methods in the history of epidemiology

Ten Famous Composers of the Romantic Era and Their Causes of Death

Pandemics, policy, and the power of paradigm: will COVID-19 lead to a new scientific revolution?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About