Pandemic Bacteremic Escherichia Coli Strains: Evolution and Emergence of Drug-Resistant Pathogens

Yair, Yael; Gophna, Uri

doi:10.1007/82_2018_109

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…In this study, 16.7% ( n = 8) of isolates were ESBL producers and were positive for the presence of the bla CTXM gene. CTX-M enzymes have become the predominant ESBLs encountered in the clinic, and the rapid dissemination of ESBL is an alarming trend and is considered to be one of the world's main health threats (Yair and Gophna, 2018). It was previously reported that CTX-M-producing E. coli isolates often carry resistance to additional antibiotic classes, which can include co-trimoxazole, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones (Pitout and Laupland, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Bloodstream Infections in Patients at a University Hospital: Virulence Factors and Clinical Characteristics

Daga

Koga

Soncini

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) isolates are responsible for many bloodstream infections. The aim of this study was to characterize E. coli isolated from the bloodstreams of patients ( n = 48) at the University Hospital in Brazil. Epidemiological data were obtained through the analysis of medical records and laboratory tests. By PCR analysis, we investigated the presence of virulence factors (VFs), pathogenicity islands (PAIs), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), phylogenetic classifications (A, B1, B2, C, D, E, and F) and molecular genotype by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR). The mortality analysis showed that 33.3% of the deaths were associated with bacteraemia due to E. coli infections; in addition, an age between 60 and 75 years ( p < 0.001; OR = 6.3[2.1–18.9]) and bacteraemia with an abdominal origin ( p = 0.02; OR = 5[1.2–20.5]) were risk factors for the severity of the infection. Additionally, the presence of the afa gene was associated with mortality due to E. coli bacteraemia ( p = 0.027; OR = 11.4[1.5–85.7]). Immunosuppression (27.1%), intestinal diseases (25.0%) and diabetes (18.8%), were prevalent among patients, and most of the bacteraemia cases were secondary to urinary tract infections (50.0%). The serum resistance gene tra T was present in 77.1% of isolates, group capsular 2 ( kpsMT II) was present in 45.8% and the K5 capsule was present in 20.8% of isolates. The isolates also showed a high prevalence for the siderophore yersiniabactina ( fyu A) (70.8%) and PAI IV 536 (77.1%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that group B2 (45.8%) was the most prevalent, and was the phylogroup that had a higher prevalence of VFs and PAIs. However, in this study, a considerable number of isolated bacteria were classified as group B1 (18.8%) and as group E (14.6%). Eight (16.7%) isolates were resistant to third and fourth generation cephalosporin and group CTX-M-1 (CTX-M-15) was the most prevalent ESBL type. The molecular genotyping showed two clonal lineages and several isolates that were not related to each other. This study provides additional information on the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of E. coli bloodstream infections in Brazil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Bloodstream Infections in Patients at a University Hospital: Virulence Factors and Clinical Characteristics

Daga

Koga

Soncini

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…In this study, thymol was assessed as an agent to prevent planktonic and bacterial biofilm growth of L. monocytogenes, which is a major cause of foodborne disease [16] and E. coli, which is mainly a commensal microorganism, but many pathogenic strains have been detected in humans and animals [17]. In particular, twenty-five L. monocytogenes isolates from a variety of food samples and five reference strains were analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Growth and Persistence of Listeria monocytogenes and β-Lactam-Resistant Escherichia coli by Thymol in Food Processing Settings

Cusimano¹,

Stefano²,

Giglia

et al. 2020

Molecules

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The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of thymol in controlling environmental contamination in food processing facilities. The effect of thymol was tested as an agent to prevent planktonic and bacterial biofilm growth of twenty-five Listeria monocytogenes isolates from a variety of foods and five Escherichia coli isolates from a farm. The E. coli isolates were positive for extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes. All isolates and reference strains were susceptible to thymol at Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 250 to 800 μg/mL. An interesting activity of interference with biofilm formation of L. monocytogenes and E. coli was found for thymol at sub-MIC concentrations of 200, 100, 75, and 50 μg/mL. Anti-biofilm activity ranging from 59.71% to 66.90% against pre-formed 24-h-old L. monocytogenes biofilms at concentrations of 500 or 800 µg/mL, corresponding to 2× MIC, was determined against free-living forms of six isolates chosen as the best or moderate biofilm producers among the tested strains. The property of thymol to attack L. monocytogenes biofilm formation was also observed at a concentration of 100 µg/mL, corresponding to 1/4 MIC, by using a stainless-steel model to simulate the surfaces in food industries. This study gives information on the use of thymol in food processing setting.

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“…The emergence of this E. coli lineage at the beginning of the 21 st century has been extensively studied, and associated with the progressive acquisition of fluoroquinolone and -lactam resistance (Price, et al, 2013). However, the very emergence of this lineage, might have preceded the acquisition of antibiotic resistance and the reasons for its success remains elusive (Kallonen, et al, 2017, Yair & Gophna, 2018. Similarly, K. pneumoniae clonal group 258 that expresses the carbapenemase KPC and is considered to be responsible for most infections by hospital-acquired carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (Wyres & Holt, 2016).…”

Section: Population Level Analysis Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance: turning evolutionary principles into clinical reality

Andersson

Balaban

Baquero

et al. 2020

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

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180

118

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Antibiotic resistance is one of the major challenges facing modern medicine worldwide. The past few decades have witnessed rapid progress in our understanding of the multiple factors that affect the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance at the population level and the level of the individual patient. However, the process of translating this progress into health policy and clinical practice has been slow. Here, we attempt to consolidate current knowledge about the evolution and ecology of antibiotic resistance into a roadmap for future research as well as clinical and environmental control of antibiotic resistance. At the population level, we examine emergence, transmission and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, and at the patient level, we examine adaptation involving bacterial physiology and host resilience. Finally, we describe new approaches and technologies for improving diagnosis and treatment and minimizing the spread of resistance.

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Pandemic Bacteremic Escherichia Coli Strains: Evolution and Emergence of Drug-Resistant Pathogens

Cited by 18 publications

References 75 publications

Escherichia coli Bloodstream Infections in Patients at a University Hospital: Virulence Factors and Clinical Characteristics

Escherichia coli Bloodstream Infections in Patients at a University Hospital: Virulence Factors and Clinical Characteristics

Control of Growth and Persistence of Listeria monocytogenes and β-Lactam-Resistant Escherichia coli by Thymol in Food Processing Settings

Antibiotic resistance: turning evolutionary principles into clinical reality

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