Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: Pathologic and molecular characteristics

Shi, Chanjuan; Klimstra, David S.

doi:10.1053/j.semdp.2014.08.008

Cited by 54 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…(21, 22) MEN1 encodes the protein product menin(14, 23) and participates in regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and genome stability. (24–26) DAXX and ATRX form a heterodimer that function in histone recruitment and incorporation and maintenance of telomeres.…”

Section: Breakthroughs At the Benchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translational Diagnostics and Therapeutics in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

Maxwell

Sherman

Howe

2016

Clinical Cancer Research

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Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are rare tumors, but have been increasing in incidence. Although typically thought of as indolent, more than half of patients present with metastatic disease. For many years, the only mutations commonly known in these tumors were those in the MEN1 gene. Recently, the genetics underlying PNETs have been further defined through exome sequencing. The most frequent alterations found in sporadic PNETs are in MEN1, DAXX/ATRX and a variety of genes in the mTOR pathway. Confirmation of these mutations have prompted trials with a number of drugs active in these pathways, and two were eventually approved in 2011—sunitinib and everolimus. New data additionally identify the MET and CD47 receptors as potential novel drug targets. Yet despite improvements in (PFS) with sunitinib and everolimus, further studies defining when to use these agents and factors associated with limitations in their utility are needed. As more discoveries are made in the lab that elucidate additional molecular mechanisms important in the initiation and metastasis of PNETs, continued efforts to translate these discoveries into distinct new therapies will be needed to improve patient survival.

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Section: Breakthroughs At the Benchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translational Diagnostics and Therapeutics in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

Maxwell

Sherman

Howe

2016

Clinical Cancer Research

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“…Эти опухоли сопровождаются развити-ем гормональных синдромов, что облегчает их диаг-ностику. Нефункционирующие опухоли обычно обна-руживаются на более поздних стадиях заболевания и нередко имеют метастазы на момент диагностики [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: современная номенклатура и гистологическая классификацияunclassified

Neuroendocrine tumors of the digestive system: pathologic and molecular characteristics

Delektorskaya¹

2015

Usp. mol. onkol

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“…Confirmatory immunohistochemical stains include endocrine markers, most commonly synaptophysin and chromogranin A [7]. Synaptophysin is more sensitive and generally produces strong diffuse staining whereas chromogranin A is more specific but is more likely to give patchy, focal staining [8].…”

Section: Explanatory Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accurate grading is dependent on analyzing the mitotic count and/or Ki-67 labeling of tumor cells in the most active area (hot spots) of the resected specimen covering 50 high-powered fields [7,9]. Studies have shown a strong correlation between grading on cellblocks and histology [6]; however, if a PanNET is to be resected, preoperative grading on a cellblock does not affect management and is a waste of resources since accuracy in grading would likely need to be established on histology.…”

Section: Explanatory Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%