Pancreatic Edema in Dogs with Hypoalbuminemia or Portal Hypertension

Lamb, Christopher R.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.1999.tb01469.x

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…(2) Changes limited only to distension of the bowel segments with fluid. Pancreatic edema was defined as the presence of anechoic fissures within the pancreas 22 . Dogs in the food‐responsive disease group did not have secondary abnormalities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ultrasonographic Findings With Clinical Activity Index (Cibdai) and Diagnosis in Dogs With Chronic Enteropathies

Gaschen

Kircher

Stüssi

et al. 2008

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Intestinal wall thickness is neither a specific nor sensitive ultrasound parameter for detecting intestinal inflammation. We hypothesize that mucosal echogenicity, lymphadenomegaly, and secondary findings of the gastrointestinal tract would be more sensitive and specific markers for detecting and differentiating causes of chronic inflammatory bowel disease in dogs. Fifty-six client-owned dogs with chronic diarrhea and 10 control dogs were examined with two-dimensional, gray-scale ultrasound (time 0, 4, and 10 weeks post therapy) and small intestinal mucosal biopsies were performed at the 0- and 4-week time points. The clinical activity was assessed at each time point using the canine inflammatory bowel disease activity index (CIBDAI). Fifty-one dogs had inflammatory infiltration of the duodenal mucosa and were divided into three groups, food-responsive disease, idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and protein-losing enteropathy, based on their response to the different treatments and histology. Two different patterns of increased echogenicity of the mucosa were detected: hyperechoic speckles and hyperechoic striations. A normal, hypoechoic bowel mucosa in dogs with chronic diarrhea had a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 81% for the diagnosis of food-responsive disease. Hyperechoic striations had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 96% for dogs with protein-losing enteropathy. Hyperechoic speckles were non-specific for diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease. There was a significant relationship between ultrasound score and CIBDAI at t0, but not following therapy. Mucosal echogenicity may be a better parameter for detecting inflammatory bowel disease than bowel wall thickness in dogs with chronic diarrhea.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ultrasonographic Findings With Clinical Activity Index (Cibdai) and Diagnosis in Dogs With Chronic Enteropathies

Gaschen

Kircher

Stüssi

et al. 2008

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…83,84 The venous drainage of the pancreas, gallbladder, and stomach communicates with the portal system only, with no possible communication with the systemic venous circulation and this anatomical characteristic causes the pancreas, gallbladder, and stomach to develop marked edema in case of portal hypertension. 21,85,86 With ultrasound, multiple hypoechoic septi ("tiger stripes appearance") are observed in the pancreas of patients with portal hypertension representing edema of the connective tissue between the pancreatic lobules. 21,86 Marked thickening of the gallbladder with an internal hypoechoic layer and a more external hyperechoic layer ("double wall appearance") has been reported in case of gallbladder wall edema (portal hypertension, cholecystitis).…”

Section: Organ Venous Congestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic imaging for the assessment of acquired abdominal vascular diseases in small animals: A pictorial review

Specchi

d’Anjou

2019

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Advances in interventional radiology and surgical techniques now allow complex abdominal diseases to be more successfully treated in small animals. Abdominal vascular alterations, acquired as individual process or as complication of other lesions such as neoplasia, can be life‐threatening or at least greatly limit curative interventions of underlying diseases. Computed tomography (CT) and high‐definition ultrasonography are now readily available in veterinary referral centers. Yet, there is little information currently available on the use of these modalities for the diagnosis and characterization of these vascular alterations. The purpose of this article is to review the CT and ultrasonographic findings of acquired vascular diseases in the abdomen of dogs and cats, using both the veterinary and human medicine literature as references, and highlighting essential concepts through figures.

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“…Although unlikely to cause clinical confusion with pancreatitis, pancreatic enlargement is not sufficient as a sole finding to diagnose pancreatitis. 33 Sonographic findings should always be interpreted in light of the full clinical picture, and normal findings certainly do not rule out pancreatitis.…”

Section: Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatitis in Cats

Armstrong

Williams

2012

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine

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Pancreatitis was considered a rare disease in the cat until a couple of decades ago when several retrospective studies of severe acute pancreatitis were published. It was apparent that few of the diagnostic tests of value in the dog were helpful in cats. With increasing clinical suspicion, availability of abdominal ultrasonography, and introduction of pancreas-specific blood tests of increasing utility, it is now accepted that acute pancreatitis is probably almost as common in cats as it is in dogs, although the etiology(s) remain more obscure. Pancreatitis in cats often co-exists with inflammatory bowel disease, less commonly with cholangitis, and sometimes with both. Additionally, pancreatitis may trigger hepatic lipidosis, while other diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, may be complicated by pancreatitis. Therapy is similar to that used in dogs, with added emphasis on early nutritional support to prevent hepatic lipidosis. Less is known about chronic pancreatitis than the acute form, but chronic pancreatitis is more common in cats than it is in dogs and may respond positively to treatment with corticosteroids.

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Pancreatic Edema in Dogs with Hypoalbuminemia or Portal Hypertension

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

Comparison of Ultrasonographic Findings With Clinical Activity Index (Cibdai) and Diagnosis in Dogs With Chronic Enteropathies

Comparison of Ultrasonographic Findings With Clinical Activity Index (Cibdai) and Diagnosis in Dogs With Chronic Enteropathies

Diagnostic imaging for the assessment of acquired abdominal vascular diseases in small animals: A pictorial review

Pancreatitis in Cats

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