Pancreatic Cancer in Iran: an Epidemiological Review

Siri, Fatemeh Hadavand; Salehiniya, Hamid

doi:10.1007/s12029-019-00279-w

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The global brain cancer incidence is higher in men than in women, in developed than under-developed countries with the incidence and mortality rates of 3.4 and 2.5 par 100,000. Albania has the highest prevalence of 7.5 par 100,000 [5]. It accounts for 3% of all cancer globally [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nose-to-Brain Delivery, a Route of Choice for Targeting Brain Tumors

Shehu

Islam

Singh³

2021

Int J App Pharm

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Brain tumours are the most lethal type of cancer, which is difficult to manage due to the inherent suboptimal bioavailability of the chemotherapy agent at tumour sites, consequent of high levels of protection of physiological blood-brain barrier (BBB), blood tumour barrier (BTB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (CSF). Improving the permeability of these barriers would enhance the disease's clinical prognosis and promote patients' quality of life. To this end, scientists have conducted several studies to determine the most suitable route for CNS delivery. Most of which show that the nose-to-brain is proposed to be the most convenient, efficacious and clinically beneficial non-invasive means of delivering chemotherapeutic agents directly to the brain. Therefore, this study compares the therapeutic benefits of intranasal and other conventional brain delivery systems and further evaluates the clinical benefits of using different nanocarriers for brain tumour targeting. However, we surveyed the literature by conducting an in-depth search of the research keywords and their combinations in recognized scientific databases, primarily Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research Gate. Our findings have shown that the nose-to-brain delivery of chemotherapeutics is a breakthrough in bypassing the effects of BBB, BTB, and CSF barriers, improving the delivery of drugs to the brain for specific tumour targeting with desired clinical prognosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nose-to-Brain Delivery, a Route of Choice for Targeting Brain Tumors

Shehu

Islam

Singh³

2021

Int J App Pharm

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“…Pancreatic cancer depends largely on the lifestyle. Survival of pancreatic cancer is low in untreated patients [6,7]. In the study of Ahmedlo et al, from 1998 to 2008 reported the average survival time was 15 months, and 1and 5-years survival was 54.5% and 27%, respectively [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer in Hamadan, Iran (2008-2018): A case Series Study

Khanlarzadeh

Nazari

Ghobakhloo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The present study aimed to determine the prognosis of pancreatic cancer from 2008 to 2018 in Hamadan, Iran. A case series study was conducted retrospectively at Beheshti Hospital in Hamadan, Iran. Methods: A total of 409 cases that had been diagnosed with pancreatic cancer from 2008 to 2018 were assessed. The variables included age, gender, pathological type, location involved, early symptoms, metastasis, prognosis and treatments, was extracted from the files and recorded in checklist. Data were analyzed by using SPSS/20 software. Results: The mean of age was 66.23±13.06 year. The most frequent of pancreatic cancers was Adenocarcinomas (66.7%). The highest frequency of early symptoms was jaundice (53.1%) and weight loss (12.7%). The highest frequency of pancreatic cancer lesions was more in the head of pancreas (68.7%). Most patients had metastasis at the beginning of diagnosis (82.3%). Most metastases were in liver (31.5%) and peritoneum (25.2%). The prognosis of the pancreatic cancer is significantly related to the lesion location and the consumption of alcohol, cigarettes and substance abuse (p <0.05), but it wasn’t correlated with age, sex and pathological type (p> 0.05). The 1-year and 5-year survival rates were (22.3%) and (9.5%), respectively. The lowest and the highest in 5-year survival rate were (7.8%) and (18.8%) in adenocarcinoma and carcinoma type. Conclusion: More preventive considerations were found to be beneficial among this population.

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“…Currently, there is a significant lack of knowledge on the survival features and prognostic factors of PC in the developing countries. Most available information originate from retrospective studies with limited sample size that are prone to different biases and are not generalizable [9,10]. Further, we have previously identified using opium as a novel PC risk factor in populations where recreational use of opium is widespread [11,12], however, it is not known if using opium can also affect the survival of PC patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival features, prognostic factors, and determinants of diagnosis and treatment among Iranian patients with pancreatic cancer, a prospective study

et al. 2020

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Objectives Investigating the survival features, and determinants of treatment and stage at presentation in Iran Methods 461 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PC) were prospectively enrolled from Shariati hospital, Tehran, Iran, between 2011–2018. All patients underwent endoscopic ultrasonography, computed tomography scanning, and physical examination. Validated questionnaire was completed for the participants and all were actively followed on monthly basis. Results Median survival time was 6.5 months, and 1-, and 5-year survival rates were 26.2%, and 1.5%. Patients who were older (p<0.001), illiterate (p = 0.004), unmarried (p = 0.003), rural inhabitant (p = 0.013), opium user (p = 0.039), and had lower body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.002) had lower overall survival. Tumors located in the head of pancreas were more commonly diagnosed at lower stages (p<0.001). Only 10.4% of patients underwent surgery who were more commonly educated (p<0.001), married (p = 0.005), had a tumor located in the head of pancreas (p = 0.016), and were diagnosed at lower stages (p<0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders and risk factors, rural inhabitance (HR: 1.33 (95% CI: 1.01–1.74)), having more symptoms (HR for each increasing symptom: 1.06 (1.02–1.11)), using opium (HR: 1.51 (1.04–2.20)), having a tumor located in the body of pancreas (HR: 1.33 (1.02–1.75)), and having an advanced tumor stage (HR: 2.07 (1.34–3.19)) remained significantly associated with increased risk of mortality. After the adjusting for potential confounders, we did not find significant relationships between smoking, alcohol intake, and BMI with the risk of death among patients with pancreatic cancer. Conclusions Iranian patients with PC have very poor long-term survival. Besides tumor’s stage and location, socioeconomic disparities could affect the probabilities of receiving treatment and/or survival in these patients. Opium use is an independent risk factor for mortality among PC patients in Iran.

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Pancreatic Cancer in Iran: an Epidemiological Review

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Nose-to-Brain Delivery, a Route of Choice for Targeting Brain Tumors

Nose-to-Brain Delivery, a Route of Choice for Targeting Brain Tumors

Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer in Hamadan, Iran (2008-2018): A case Series Study

Survival features, prognostic factors, and determinants of diagnosis and treatment among Iranian patients with pancreatic cancer, a prospective study

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