Pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor expression is associated with disease-specific survival in cervical cancer patients

Abstract

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor (PAUF) is a novel soluble protein involved in tumor development and metastases. This study was to investigate the PAUF expression and its prognostic value in cervical cancer patients. The expression of PAUF was immunohistochemically determined in 345 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cervical cancer tissues and 107 normal cervical epitheliums. Subsequently, its associations with clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival were assessed. PAUF protein was expressed both in cytoplasm and nucleus, and cytoplasmic expression was more frequent in cancers than normal tissues (32% versus 17%, P = .002), and the difference was prominent in glandular cells. Notably, the expression was more frequent in adenocarcinoma than in squamous cell carcinoma (57% versus 25%, respectively; P < .001), and the differential expression was also seen at the messenger RNA level (P = .014). Cox regression analysis showed that the cytoplasmic expression of PAUF protein was independently associated with poor disease-free (hazard ratio = 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.3; P = .008) and overall survival (hazard ratio = 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-7.5; P = .020). Detection of PAUF expression may aid current evaluation of prognosis in cervical adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma up‐regulated factor has oncogenic functions in oral squamous cell carcinoma

“…Previous reports have revealed that PAUF nucleotide sequence is similar to that of common salivary protein 1 (LOC24220) in Homo sapiens . In the present study, we also observed PAUF expression in normal salivary glands.…”

“…It accelerates tumour angiogenesis and activates TLR‐mediated ERK signalling to produce oncogenic cytokines and escape from innate immune surveillance in a paracrine manner . Immunostaining for PAUF is also detected in colorectal adenocarcinoma, cervical adenocarcinoma and SCC . However, little is known regarding the role of aberrant PAUF expression in OSCC.…”

“…PAUF has been determined to promote the migration, invasion, proliferation and separation of pancreatic cancer cells . PAUF expression is also observed in cervical cancer and is associated strongly with poor prognosis . Furthermore, PAUF expression promotes colorectal cancer progression by enhancing the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway .…”

Expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor family members is associated with prognosis in early stage cervical cancer patients

“…Immunohistochemical staining of FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4 was performed on 4-μm sections of the TMA and NCI60 cell microarray, as described previously [ 26 ]. In brief, following deparaffinization and dehydration, heat-induced antigen retrieval was performed for 20 min in an antigen retrieval buffer of pH 9.0 (for FGFR3 and FGFR4) or pH 6.0 (for FGFR1 and FGFR2) (Dako, Carpinteria, CA) using a steam pressure cooker (Pascal, Dako).…”

Prognostic significance of annexin A2 and annexin A4 expression in patients with cervical cancer

“…ANX immunohistochemical staining was performed using a standard streptavidin–peroxidase method, as described previously [ 29 ]. In brief, serial 4- μ m sections of the TMA were deparaffinized in xylene and rehydrated through a graded alcohol series.…”