Panarthropod tiptop/teashirt and spalt orthologs and their potential role as “trunk”-selector genes

Jiménez, Brenda Irene Medina; Budd, Graham E.; Janßen, Ralf

doi:10.1186/s13227-021-00177-y

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 74 publications

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“…In Drosophila , the single Dbx gene is expressed in interneurons that form from a subset of neural progenitor cells (neuroblasts) [ 106 ]. Finally, the trunk-determining zinc finger transcription factor tiptop/teashirt ( tio/tsh ) (LOC107441771) is expressed in the CNS of the trunk of Parasteatoda [ 125 , 129 ]. In Drosophila , tio and tsh are expressed in the trunk CNS as well, and it has been shown that both genes can mediate the survival of neurons [ 107 , 135 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development

Medina-Jiménez,

Budd,

Janssen

2024

BMC Genomics

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Background The common house spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum represents an emerging new model organism of arthropod evolutionary and developmental (EvoDevo) studies. Recent technical advances have resulted in the first single-cell sequencing (SCS) data on this species allowing deeper insights to be gained into its early development, but mid-to-late stage embryos were not included in these pioneering studies. Results Therefore, we performed SCS on mid-to-late stage embryos of Parasteatoda and characterized resulting cell clusters by means of in-silico analysis (comparison of key markers of each cluster with previously published information on these genes). In-silico prediction of the nature of each cluster was then tested/verified by means of additional in-situ hybridization experiments with additional markers of each cluster. Conclusions Our data show that SCS data reliably group cells with similar genetic fingerprints into more or less distinct clusters, and thus allows identification of developing cell types on a broader level, such as the distinction of ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal cell lineages, as well as the identification of distinct developing tissues such as subtypes of nervous tissue cells, the developing heart, or the ventral sulcus (VS). In comparison with recent other SCS studies on the same species, our data represent later developmental stages, and thus provide insights into different stages of developing cell types and tissues such as differentiating neurons and the VS that are only present at these later stages.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development

Medina-Jiménez,

Budd,

Janssen

2024

BMC Genomics

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Problems with Paralogs: The Promise and Challenges of Gene Duplicates in Evo-Devo Research

Deem,

Brisson

2024

Integrative and Comparative Biology

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Gene duplicates, or paralogs, serve as a major source of new genetic material and comprise seeds for evolutionary innovation. While originally thought to be quickly lost or non-functionalized following duplication, now a vast number of paralogs are known to be retained in a functional state. Daughter paralogs can provide robustness through redundancy, specialize via sub-functionalization, or neo-functionalize to play new roles. Indeed, the duplication and divergence of developmental genes have played a monumental role in the evolution of animal forms (e.g. Hox genes). Still, despite their prevalence and evolutionary importance, the precise detection of gene duplicates in newly sequenced genomes remains technically challenging and often overlooked. This presents an especially pertinent problem for evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo), where hypothesis testing requires accurate detection of changes in gene expression and function, often in non-traditional model species. Frequently, these analyses rely on molecular reagents designed within coding sequences that may be highly similar in recently duplicated paralogs, leading to cross-reactivity and spurious results. Thus, care is needed to avoid erroneously assigning diverged functions of paralogs to a single gene, and potentially misinterpreting evolutionary history. This perspective aims to overview the prevalence and importance of paralogs and to shed light on the difficulty of their detection and analysis while offering potential solutions.

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Single-cell sequencing suggests a conserved function of Hedgehog-signalling in spider eye development

Medina‑Jiménez,

Budd,

Pechmann

et al. 2024

EvoDevo

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Background Spiders evolved different types of eyes, a pair of primary eyes that are usually forward pointing, and three pairs of secondary eyes that are typically situated more posterior and lateral on the spider’s head. The best understanding of arthropod eye development comes from the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster, the main arthropod model organism, that also evolved different types of eyes, the larval eyes and the ocelli and compound eyes of the imago. The gene regulatory networks that underlie eye development in this species are well investigated revealing a conserved core network, but also show several differences between the different types of eyes. Recent candidate gene approaches identified a number of conserved genes in arthropod eye development, but also revealed crucial differences including the apparent lack of some key factors in some groups of arthropods, including spiders. Results Here, we re-analysed our published scRNA sequencing data and found potential key regulators of spider eye development that were previously overlooked. Unlike earlier research on this topic, our new data suggest that Hedgehog (Hh)-signalling is involved in eye development in the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum. By investigating embryonic gene expression in representatives of all main groups of spiders, we demonstrate that this involvement is conserved in spiders. Additionally, we identified genes that are expressed in the developing eyes of spiders, but that have not been studied in this context before. Conclusion Our data show that single-cell sequencing represents a powerful method to gain deeper insight into gene regulatory networks that underlie the development of lineage-specific organs such as the derived set of eyes in spiders. Overall, we gained deeper insight into spider eye development, as well as the evolution of arthropod visual system formation.

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Panarthropod tiptop/teashirt and spalt orthologs and their potential role as “trunk”-selector genes

Cited by 3 publications

References 74 publications

Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development

Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development

Problems with Paralogs: The Promise and Challenges of Gene Duplicates in Evo-Devo Research

Single-cell sequencing suggests a conserved function of Hedgehog-signalling in spider eye development

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