Pan-coronavirus vaccine pipeline takes form

Dolgin, Elie

doi:10.1038/d41573-022-00074-6

Cited by 57 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, exploratory studies evaluating factors controlling the quality of the immune response after breakthrough infection can be a useful guidepost for the development of next-generation vaccines with the ability to induce a durable and broad breadth of protective immunity against all SARS-CoV-2 variants. This study highlights the opportunity to develop a variant-proof booster vaccine using an approach that does not rely on antigen design ( 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the cases continue to increase, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, due to the emergence of variants of concern (VOCs) with varying levels of increased transmissibility and resistance to existing immunity; thus, highlighting the necessity to develop next-generation COVID-19 vaccines. These vaccines must induce a durable and broad breadth of protective immunity covering all SARS-CoV-2 variants ( 1 ). Many open questions remain about how to induce high quality immunity that suppresses viruses with distinct antigenicity.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viral load and timing of infection define neutralization diversity to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Miyamoto

Arashiro

Ueno

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract:Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 cases has diversified due to complex combinations of exposure to vaccination and infection. Elucidating the drivers for upgrading neutralizing activity to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 cases with pre-existing immunity will aid in understanding immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and improving COVID-19 booster vaccines with enhanced cross-protection against antigenically distinct variants. This study revealed that the magnitude and breadth of neutralization responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in breakthrough infections are determined by upper respiratory viral load and vaccination-infection time interval, but not by the lineage of infecting viruses. Notably, the time interval, but not the viral load, may play a critical role in expanding the breadth of neutralization to SARS-CoV-2. This illustrates the importance of dosing interval optimization in addition to antigen design in the development of variant-proof booster vaccines.One-Sentence SummaryViral load and infection timing define the magnitude and breadth of SARS-CoV-2 neutralization after breakthrough infection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral load and timing of infection define neutralization diversity to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Miyamoto

Arashiro

Ueno

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The receptor binding domain in the spike protein is the most variable part of the virus genome. This region of SARS-CoV-2 is also closely related to bat SL-CoV and SARS-CoV [ 38 ]. Instead of using individual coronavirus sequences, we mapped the genetic features of the spike by generating the consensus sequences for each type of coronavirus from a large set of individual sequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Designing vaccines that activate T-cells is yet another route toward a pan-coronavirus vaccine. T-cells and inflammatory cytokines may contribute to viral clearance [ 38 ]. In the present study, we used the conserved T-cell epitopes with high antigenicity values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Coronavirus Spike Protein Based Multi-Epitope Vaccine against COVID-19 and Potential Future Zoonotic Coronaviruses by Using Immunoinformatic Approaches

et al. 2022

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Zoonotic coronaviruses (CoV) have emerged twice and have caused severe respiratory diseases in humans. Due to the frequent outbreaks of different human coronaviruses (HCoVs), the development of a pan-HCoV vaccine is of great importance. Various conserved epitopes shared by HCoVs are reported to induce cross-reactive T-cell responses. Therefore, this study aimed to design a multi-epitope vaccine, targeting the HCoV spike protein. Genetic analysis revealed that the spike region is highly conserved among SARS-CoV-2, bat SL-CoV, and SARS-CoV. By employing the immunoinformatic approach, we prioritized 20 MHC I and 10 MHCII conserved epitopes to design a multi-epitope vaccine. This vaccine candidate is anticipated to strongly elicit both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. These results warrant further development of this vaccine into real-world application.

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“…In addition to that, we still need to overcome the antigenic drift, which may lead to the development of “universal vaccines”, with more formulations inducing broad-spectrum immunity being investigated. Taking this into perspective to the still ongoing pandemic, COVID-19 has killed over 6.16 million persons thus far, it was not until very recently that several universities/companies started working on developing a pan-coronavirus vaccine [ 15 , 16 ]. As an example, the USA army started developing a pan-coronavirus vaccine showing efficacy against both SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 (and its variants of concern—VOC) that is now in phase I human trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04784767) [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Think like a Virus: Toward Improving Nanovaccine Development against SARS-CoV-2

Mohamed

Abou-Saleh

Mohamed

et al. 2022

Viruses

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There is no doubt that infectious diseases present global impact on the economy, society, health, mental state, and even political aspects, causing a long-lasting dent, and the situation will surely worsen if and when the viral spread becomes out of control, as seen during the still ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite the considerable achievements made in viral prevention and treatment, there are still significant challenges that can be overcome through careful understanding of the viral mechanism of action to establish common ground for innovating new preventative and treatment strategies. Viruses can be regarded as devil nanomachines, and one innovative approach to face and stop the spread of viral infections is the development of nanoparticles that can act similar to them as drug/vaccine carriers. Moreover, we can use the properties that different viruses have in designing nanoparticles that reassemble the virus conformational structures but that do not present the detrimental threats to human health that native viruses possess. This review discusses the current preventative strategies (i.e., vaccination) used in facing viral infections and the associated limitations, highlighting the importance of innovating new approaches to face viral infectious diseases and discussing the current nanoapplications in vaccine development and the challenges that still face the nanovaccine field.

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Pan-coronavirus vaccine pipeline takes form

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

Viral load and timing of infection define neutralization diversity to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Viral load and timing of infection define neutralization diversity to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Human Coronavirus Spike Protein Based Multi-Epitope Vaccine against COVID-19 and Potential Future Zoonotic Coronaviruses by Using Immunoinformatic Approaches

Think like a Virus: Toward Improving Nanovaccine Development against SARS-CoV-2

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