PAmXD,6/PP-g-MA blends. I. Compatibilization

Abstract

This work deals with the study of PAmXD,6/PP‐g‐MA blends [poly(meta‐xylylene adipamide)] and (maleic‐anhydride‐functionalized‐polypropylene) blends. Compatibilization occurs during the blending of the components in a Brabender plastograph at 265 ± 5°C and at a mixing rate of 45 rpm. Kinetic data from the literature indicate that the rate of amine/anhydride reaction is much faster than the rate of amide/anhydride reaction. This interpretation is confirmed by the use of model systems constituted of PAmXD,6 and pyromellitic dianhydride or of PP‐g‐MA and meta‐xylylene diamine. Infrared analyzes of extracted nodules of PAmXD,6/PP‐g‐MA blends also confirm the extent of the imidization and show that the length of the PAmXD,6 blocks is lower than the free PAmXD,6 one. Segregation mechanisms during the compatibilization are discussed to explain this observation. The structure of the copolymers was deduced from those results and from the previous characterizations of PP‐g‐MA and PAmXD,6. It consists in a block of PP linked with some blocks of PAmXD,6. The average number of PAmXD,6 blocks depends on the average length of the poly(maleic anhydride) functionality carried on by PP‐g‐MA. © l997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 901–915, 1997

On Toughness and Stiffness of Poly(butylene terephthalate) with Epoxide‐Containing Elastomer by Reactive Extrusion

“…The morphology of PBT/E-MA-GMA blends shown here closely resembles those of other polymer/rubber blends having low toughness. [26][27][28][29][30] With increasing E-MA-GMA content, there is a complete change in the fracture morphology, from brittle ( Figure 8 (Figure 9a), which resemble but not identical to those of fast fracture in glassy polymers. Each parabolic marking contains a flaw or heterogeneity at the locus at which the secondary fracture seems to have initiated.…”

“…However, the entire fracture surface shows extensive yielding (Figure 10b). It is also noted that stress whitening, typical of high impact toughness polymers, [17,[26][27][28][29][30][32][33][34] becomes more intense on the fracture surfaces of the PBT blends with increasing elastomer content.…”

Poly (glycerol‐sebacate) bioelastomers: 2. Synthesis using Brabender Plasticoder® as a batch reactor

“…3 Considerable research remains to be performed on reactive extrusion processing to improve the reaction efficiency and process economics so as to generate industrial interest, and thus help replace existing conventional operations with continuous processes. [23][24][25] Here, we attempted to synthesize PGS oligomers using a modified Brabender Plasticorder V R as a batch reactor, that in turn may be used to generate information that will be useful in predicting reactive extrusion processing. 5 The Brabender Plasticorder is essentially an instru-ment that measures the viscosity-related torque caused by the resistance of the material to the shearing action of the plasticating process.…”

Influence of Low‐Molecular‐Weight Diamines in the Direct Imidation of Poly(propylene)‐Grafted Maleic Anhydride by Melt Reaction

“…Efforts to make base functionalized polymers have resulted in POs grafted with amine groups. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Primary amines are very attractive groups to be grafted into PP, however monomers containing primary amines are rarely used to make primary-amine-functionalized PP. [14] A way to introduce primary amine groups into PP is by reacting bifunctional compounds and maleic anhydride group grafted in PP.…”