PAM plus probenecid and procaine penicillin plus probenecid in gonorrhoea.

Hilton, A. L.

doi:10.1136/sti.47.2.107

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…or less) is to be recorded as 63 -8 per cent., and of relatively insensitive strains as 36-2 per cent., which almost coincides with the figure of Lynn and others (1970) just referred to. This is also the line of demarcation accepted by Hilton (1971) who found 18-1 per cent. of strains requiring more than 0 05 u.…”

Section: Change In Sensitivity Patternssupporting

confidence: 75%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Single-session treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea in men, using penicillin combined with cotrimoxazole. Controlled trial comparing four different treatment schedules with observations on antibiotic sensitivities of gonococci and a review of the literature.

Wigfield¹,

Selkon²,

Rich³

1973

Sexually Transmitted Infections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Change In Sensitivity Patternssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…aqueous procaine penicillin; they related treatment failure to penicillin sensitivity. Hilton (1971) produced figures from which one can deduce that his failure rate was 2-3 per cent. with sensitive strains and 10-7 per cent.…”

Section: Factors Vitiating Fair Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-session treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea in men, using penicillin combined with cotrimoxazole. Controlled trial comparing four different treatment schedules with observations on antibiotic sensitivities of gonococci and a review of the literature.

Wigfield¹,

Selkon²,

Rich³

1973

Sexually Transmitted Infections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…It was found that as little as 2 g of probenecid administered orally daily was able to increase two-to fivefold the serum concentrations of penicillin [12]. This finding led to a number of subsequent studies of concomitant administration with antibiotics and antivirals to treat a range of infections from the rather mundane-like gonorrhea [36,37] and the influenza virus [35] to some of the most devastating infectious diseases of our time including typhoid fever [56], mycobacterial diseases [13], and even HIV [80]. The clinical relevance of this effect has mostly waned as the production of the antibiotics, and other agents have become easier, cheaper, and safer [5]; however, some researchers still continue to investigate the use of probenecid as adjunct therapy with antibiotics for the treatment of persistent infections [50,76].…”

Section: Probenecid and Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The History and Future of Probenecid

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Probenecid was initially developed with the goal of reducing the renal excretion of antibiotics, specifically penicillin. It is still used for its uricosuric properties in the treatment in gout, but its clinical relevance has sharply fallen and is rarely used today for either. Interestingly, throughout the last 60 years, there have been a host of apparently unrelated studies using probenecid in the clinical and basic research arena, including its potential use in the diagnosis and treatment of depression and its use to prevent fura-2 leakage in calcium transient studies. Recently, it has been shown that it is also an agonist of the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 2 channel. Due to its unique action and new findings implicating TRPV channels in physiology and in disease, probenecid may have a new future as a research tool, and perhaps as a clinical agent in the neurology and cardiology fields. We review the history of probenecid in this paper and its potential future uses.

show abstract

“…In the 1940s, i05 U of benzylpenicillin was sufficient to cure anterior urethritis, whereas 20 years later, 2.4 x 106 U often was not curative (6,16). Failure rates were greatly reduced, however, in trials in which probenecid was administered orally before the intramuscular injection of benzylpenicillin (16,17,21,24). Probenecid [p-(dipropylsulfamyl)benzoic acid] blocks the renal tubular secretion of benzylpenicillin into urine, thereby producing an increase in the benzylpenicillin concentration in plasma of two-to fourfold (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probenecid: antibacterial action against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and interaction with benzylpenicillin

Catlin¹

1984

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains were used in an investigation of the antibacterial action of probenecid and its interaction with benzylpenicillin. The growth of 112 routine isolates was inhibited by probenecid at concentrations of 100 to 500 micrograms/ml incorporated in agar. Additive or synergistic effects of benzylpenicillin-probenecid combinations were graphically illustrated in gradient plates. In agar dilution tests with a resistant gonococcal strain, the MICs of benzylpenicillin alone and probenecid alone were 0.8 and 500 micrograms/ml, respectively; in contrast, the MICs of combinations of benzylpenicillin and probenecid were 0.45 and 75 micrograms/ml and 0.3 and 150 micrograms/ml, respectively. High concentrations of probenecid in broth were bactericidal. Probenecid alone at 50 to 100 micrograms/ml had little antibacterial effect, but in combination with an appropriate concentration of benzylpenicillin, it produced reductions of CFU in 6 h that were 100 to 300 times that produced by benzylpenicillin alone. Thus, in addition to its well-known pharmacological effects, probenecid potentiates the in vitro action of benzylpenicillin for gonococci. I suggest that synergism contributes to the beneficial effect of the benzylpenicillin-probenecid regimen for the treatment of gonorrhea. Furthermore, synergism may explain the reduction in the ratio of partially benzylpenicillin-resistant N. gonorrhoeae strains to benzylpenicillin-susceptible strains that occurred in the United States between 1972 and 1978.

show abstract

PAM plus probenecid and procaine penicillin plus probenecid in gonorrhoea.

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Single-session treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea in men, using penicillin combined with cotrimoxazole. Controlled trial comparing four different treatment schedules with observations on antibiotic sensitivities of gonococci and a review of the literature.

Single-session treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea in men, using penicillin combined with cotrimoxazole. Controlled trial comparing four different treatment schedules with observations on antibiotic sensitivities of gonococci and a review of the literature.

The History and Future of Probenecid

Probenecid: antibacterial action against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and interaction with benzylpenicillin

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About