PAM-4 based long-range free-space-optics communication system with self injection locked QD-LD and RS codec

Mukherjee, Rahul; Mallick, Khaleda; Kuiri, Bibhatsu; Santra, Saikat; Dutta, Bubai; Mandal, Paulomi; Patra, Ardhendu Sekhar

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2020.126304

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Compared to the hybrid OOK/M-ary DPPM, the M-n-PAPM requires 0.3 dB more power. The results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid OOK/M-DPPM and M-n-PAPM models for the WDM-FSO systems can be improved [54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. Table 2 summarizes the proposed modulation schemes of MPPM, M-ary-PAPM, and hybrid M-ary PAPM-MPPM with hybrid k-level n-pulse where k n (with k ∈ {1, 2, …}) [2,8,9,17,42,50].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…M-ary PAPM-DPPM modulation provides about 10-11 dB increases in OOK-NRZ sensitivity for the WDM-FSO optical fiber network system in the absence of turbulence on the target BER with all AA as seen in Figure 10 [ [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58]. When the turbulence and ASE noise is present, the OS is reduced to 10 dB (WT), 8 dB (MT), and 8 dB (ST) [present] in the sensitivity increase of PAPM DPPM over OOK NRZ [56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. It is necessary to ensure and continuously maintain the consistency and accuracy of the simulation models and algorithms with reality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Enhancement of DWDM-FSO Optical Fiber Communication Systems Based on Hybrid Modulation Techniques under Atmospheric Turbulence Channel

2021

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In this paper, we enhance the performance efficiency of the free-space optical (FSO) communication link using the hybrid on-off keying (OOK) modulation, M-ary digital pulse position modulation (M-ary DPPM), and M-pulse amplitude and position modulation (M-PAPM). This work analyzes and enhances the bit error rate (BER) performance of the moment generating function, modified Chernoff bound, and Gaussian approximation techniques. In the existence of both an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise, atmospheric turbulence (AT) channels, and interchannel crosstalk (ICC), we propose a system model of the passive optical network (PON) wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technique for a dense WDM (DWDM) based on the hybrid fiber FSO (HFFSO) link. We use eight wavelength channels that have been transmitted at a data rate of 2.5 Gbps over a turbulent HFFSO-DWDM system and PON-FSO optical fiber start from 1550 nm channel spacing in the C-band of 100 GHz. The results demonstrate (2.5 Gbps × 8 channels) 20 Gbit/s-4000 m transmission with favorable performance. In this design, M-ary DPPM-M-PAPM modulation is used to provide extra information bits to increase performance. We also propose to incorporate adaptive optics to mitigate the AT effect and improve the modulation efficiency. We investigate the impact of the turbulence effect on the proposed system performance based on OOK-M ary- PAPM-DPPM modulation as a function of M-ary DPPM-PAPM and other atmospheric parameters. The proposed M-ary hybrid DPPM-M-PAPM solution increases the receiver sensitivity compared to OOK, improves the reliability and achieves a lower power penalty of 0.2–3.0 dB at low coding level (M) 2 in the WDM-FSO systems for the weak turbulence. The OOK/M-ary hybrid DPPM-M-PAPM provides an optical signal-to-noise ratio of about 4–8 dB of the DWDM-HFFSO link for the strong turbulence at a target BER of 10−12. The numerical results indicate that the proposed design can be enhanced with the hybrid OOK/M-DPPM and M-PAPM for DWDM-HFFSO systems. The calculation results show that PAPM-DPPM has increased about 10–11 dB at BER of 10−12 more than the OOK-NRZ approach. The simulation results show that the proposed hybrid optical modulation technique can be used in the DWDM-FSO hybrid links for optical-wireless and fiber-optic communication systems, significantly increasing their efficiency. Finally, the use of the hybrid OOK/M-ary DPPM-M-PAPM modulation schemes is a new technique to reduce the AT, ICC, ASE noise for the DWDM-FSO optical fiber communication systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Enhancement of DWDM-FSO Optical Fiber Communication Systems Based on Hybrid Modulation Techniques under Atmospheric Turbulence Channel

2021

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“…Implementation of C-band Qdash LD in FSO transmission was reported in [82] by employing a Qdash MLL in a WDM system with the aid of the SIL assisting technique, as shown in Fig. 14.…”

Section: B C-band Fso Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By tuning the OBPF used in the SIL loop, shown in Fig. 14(a) [82], 8 FP modes, with a mode spacing of 50 GHz, were extracted from the multi-wavelength emission of the Qdash MLL. Next, an AWG de-MUX with a matching 50 GHz-spacing was used to further increase the SMSR of the eight modes to 50 dB.…”

Section: B C-band Fso Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14(a). As discussed in the previous section, SIL locking was implemented over a C-band Qdash MLL identically to [82] to lock 8 modes from which 5 high-quality comb carriers were chosen for the WDM optical transmission where they were modulated via a MZM at a data rate of 10 Gb/s with OOK, amplified and transmitted through a 50-km SMF. Later, as illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: A Transmission With Wireless Linkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards InAs/InP Quantum-Dash Laser-Based Ultra-High Capacity Heterogeneous Optical Networks: A Review

Khan

2022

IEEE Access

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The unprecedented increase in internet traffic witnessed in the last few years has pushed the community to explore heterogeneous optical networks, including free-space-optics (FSO) communication, radio-over-fiber (RoF), wireless (WL), and their convergent hybrid technologies. This stems from the possibility of seamless integration with the existing fiber-optic backhaul networks while providing muchneeded flexibility and scalability. Moreover, efficient optical transceivers, particularly light sources in the form of semiconductor laser diodes, are key in meeting the future demands of the next generation green optical access networks. In this respect, InAs/InP Quantum-dash (Qdash) nanostructure-based lasers have shown tremendous progress in the past few years with applications spanning from a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical communication to recently, millimeter-wave (MMW) over fiber networks. This waveguide-based laser diode (LD) has demonstrated a rule-changing broad multi-wavelength lasing emission, thanks to the inherent and wavelength-tunable wide gain profile offered by the Qdash activegain region covering S-to U-band regions. Moreover, exploiting mode-locking and optical injection locking assisting techniques, highly coherent InAs/InP Qdash comb laser source at 1550 nm and 1610 nm have been respectively realized, thus opening a new paradigm for their potential applications in green optical and 5G access networks. In this work, progress on utilizing InAs/InP Qdash LD, supporting several sub-carriers, in energy-efficient ∼1550 nm and ∼1610 nm WDM heterogeneous optical networks with single-modefibers (SMF) has been highlighted, exhibiting aggregate data rates of 11 -12 Tb/s by employing a single device, and accommodating PAM4 and higher-order 32-QAM modulation schemes. Moreover, the recent deployment of this LD in the RoF domain, targeting MMW frequency band, for convergent fiber-wireless networks, is also summarized, with demonstrated 25 to >100 GHz MMW beat-tone frequency generates and transmission of up to 24 Gb/s.

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NSGA‐II algorithm‐based automated cigarette finished goods storage level optimization research

Hu,

Dong,

Wang

et al. 2023

Adv Control Appl

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With the growth of Internet of Things technology, more and more businesses are implementing automated cargo storage systems. By using an appropriate automated storage space allocation model, these businesses can significantly reduce their storage pressure while saving money on logistics and increasing the effectiveness of their product distribution. Therefore, the study is based on the non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithms II (non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm, NSGA II), which combines the three basic principles of space allocation as the objective function applied to the allocation model of the algorithm, in order to optimize the space model for automated storage of finished cigarettes. The algorithm is run to obtain 20 Pareto solutions and examine their three objective functions. The experiment's findings revealed, after optimizing the NSGA‐II algorithm in this study, the average reduction rate of shipping efficiency is 32%, the average reduction rate of shelf stability is 54%, and the average reduction rate of product correlation is about 77%, indicating that the algorithm optimization is highly effective.

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PAM-4 based long-range free-space-optics communication system with self injection locked QD-LD and RS codec

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Performance Enhancement of DWDM-FSO Optical Fiber Communication Systems Based on Hybrid Modulation Techniques under Atmospheric Turbulence Channel

Performance Enhancement of DWDM-FSO Optical Fiber Communication Systems Based on Hybrid Modulation Techniques under Atmospheric Turbulence Channel

Towards InAs/InP Quantum-Dash Laser-Based Ultra-High Capacity Heterogeneous Optical Networks: A Review

NSGA‐II algorithm‐based automated cigarette finished goods storage level optimization research

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