Palynological Study of Fossil Plants from Miocene Murree Formation of Pakistan: Clues to Investigate Palaeoclimate and Palaeoenvironment

Ahmad, Shabir; Ahmad, Mushtaq; Ramadan, Mohamed Fawzy; Sultana, Shazia; Papini, Alessio; Ullah, Fazal; Saqib, Saddam; Ayaz, Asma; Bazai, Mansoor Ahmed; Zaman, Wajid; Zafar, Muhammad

doi:10.3390/agronomy13010269

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The present study indicated that organs such as sucker and rostellum in cestodes and mouth and the shape of lips and teeth in nematodes could significantly determine the helminths' biology. Some researchers have been used electron microscopy for diagnostic purposes either in parasitology or other fields (Ahmad et al, 2023; Ao et al, 2023; Bahadur et al, 2023; Usma et al, 2022). The high magnification 3D images of the SEM reveal the surface structures and organs and their relationships which results in better distinguishing the species and showing their detailed differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scanning electron microscopy of digestive tract parasites in jungle cat (Felis chaus)

Hashemnia,

Khovand,

Ghahvei

et al. 2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Among the 10 native cats of Iran, the Felis chaus is considered as one of the largely unknown species. Despite the reports on jungle cats in southeast Iran, there is no comprehensive information about their parasitic diseases. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a valuable tool for the study of these organisms. In October 2022, a 15‐year‐old male jungle cat (F. chaus) was examined for gastrointestinal parasites using SEM which revealed exact parasite structures such as the mouth, shape of the lips, teeth and their position, papillae, excretory pore, and amphids. SEM of the Taenia taeniaeformis found in the F. chaus intestinal epithelium revealed that this tapeworm consisted of four unarmed suckers and a large armed rostellum. The rostellum was observed bearing double rings of alternating and circular hook arrangements. There were 21 large hooks in the anterior ring and 21 slightly smaller hooks in the posterior one. This study is the first report of Joyeuxiella echinorhyncoides from a jungle cat (F. chaus) in southeastern Iran. The rostellum was cylindrical and armed with thorn shape hooks that covered the whole rostellum with similar density. It was armed with 20–30 long hooks arranged in 16 rows. Four big suckers were visible at the base of the rostellum, two on each side. The suckers were round, and unlike the rostellum, these structures were unarmed. The results of the present study observed under SEM, indicated that organs such as sucker and rostellum in cestodes and mouth and the shape of lips and teeth in nematodes played a significant role in the biology of these helminths. The SEM reveals the surface structures and their relationships which results in better distinguishing the species and showing their detailed differences. More SEM studies need to be conducted on other species of cestodes and nematodes, along with pathological tests, to obtain more comprehensive and precise information about how these parasites harm this jungle cat host. The results of present study indicate that morphological details are important which should be considered in the classification. Meanwhile, external structures described herein using SEM, further investigation using transmission electron microscope provide more data on the biology of the parasites.Research Highlights Light microscopy is the first step to identify the parasites. High magnification 3D images of the SEM reveal the surface structures of parasites and their relationships precisely. SEM study of the parasites results in distinguishing the species and showing their detailed differences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The final step of the preparation was sputter coating the specimens with gold in an SC7620 fine coater. At last, the stubs were examined using a LEO1450VP SEM operating at 20 kV, and the micrographs were prepared (Ahmad et al, 2023; Bahadur et al, 2023; Usma et al, 2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning electron microscopy of digestive tract parasites in jungle cat (Felis chaus)

Hashemnia,

Khovand,

Ghahvei

et al. 2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…Although anatomical evidence has been crucial in identifying natural groups and comprehending phylogenetic relationships, many plant families, particularly those that are endemic, e.g., Caryophyllaceae, still have a significant need for anatomical investigation knowledge. Examining the anatomical details of plant families, microscopy techniques offer an effective tool that enables researchers to learn more about their distinctive traits, identification, classification, and understanding of their distribution patterns (Ahmad et al, 2023; Hameed et al, 2022; Parmar & Zaman, 2022; Shah et al, 2019a; Shah et al, 2019b; Ullah et al, 2020; Ullah et al, 2022; Usma et al, 2020; Usma et al, 2022). This study examined the epidermal structure to determine if endemic S. takesimensis species could be identified taxonomically using it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic significance of anatomical and micro‐morphological characteristics of Silene takesimensis Uyeki & Sakata

Zaman

Park

2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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This study used the foliar epidermal anatomical characteristics through microscopic techniques to compare the foliar anatomy of Silene takesimensis Uyeki & Sakata (Caryophyllaceae). The species is endemic to South Korea. This study examined the foliar epidermal anatomical traits. The leaf morphological traits of the species are essential to distinguish the species from other taxa. The comparative systemic significance of the character species was examined. The epidermal cell shape, the epidermal cell wall, and the number of lobes per cell were among the distinctive foliar anatomical characteristics. The variations in quantitative characteristics were significant. The systematics of the genus Silene were supported by various microscopic methods. The foliar epidermal anatomical characteristics of the endemic species S. takesimensis have significant taxonomic characteristics to differentiate the species.Research Highlights Silene takesimensis, a member of the Caryophyllaceae family, has been studied in‐depth. Valuable insights and knowledge were obtained about the unique characteristics and behaviors of Silene takesimensis using SEM.

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“…The morphological characteristics of pollen grains are often used in taxonomy as additional diagnostic features (Nowicke 1975; Mosyakin and Tsymbalyuk 2015, 2017, Albach et al 2021; Tsymbalyuk et al 2021a, 2021b, 2022a, 2023; El Ghazali 2022; Kurşat et al 2022; Bahadur et al 2023), as well as for spore–pollen analysis in paleopalynology (Monoszon 1973; Bezusko et al 2003, 2006, 2019; Gerasimenko et al 2022; Usma et al 2022; Ahmad et al 2023). Many authors have reported representatives of the Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae group as allergenic pollen producers (Savitsky et al 1996; Ianovici 2008; Rodríguez de la Cruz et al 2012; Angelini et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic significance of pollen morphology of selected taxa of Bassia , Sedobassia , Spirobassia and Neokochia (Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae sensu APG IV)

2023

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Based on molecular phylogenetic and morphological studies, the new genera Sedobassia Freitag & G. Kadereit and Spirobassia Freitag & G. Kadereit were described in the tribe Camphorosmeae (Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae sensu APG IV). Palynomorphological peculiarities are often used in taxonomy as additional diagnostic features. Pollen grains from 26 herbarium specimens belonging to 13 taxa of Bassia, Sedobassia, Spirobassia and Neokochia genera in Eurasia and North America were acetolyzed and studied using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Dry pollen grains were also studied. The structure of the columellae of pollen grains was analyzed for the first time in the current study. The aim of this research was to provide data on their pollen characteristics and to evaluate the taxonomic value of these data for generic and species-specific identification. The pollen grains are pantoporate, spheroidal in shape, circular in outline, slightly undulate, undulate or straight on the edges; and medium- or small-sized. Pores are circular, with distinct or indistinct margins. Exine sculpture is nanoechinate; tectum psilate or psilate-perforate. Pore membranes with nanoechini. Taxonomic relevance of the most important characters of pollen grains is discussed (pollen diameter, pore number, pore diameter, distance between pores and between pore centers, pollen diameter(C)/distance between pore centers(D) value, nanoechini density, presence/absence of perforations, structure of columellae, number of nanoechini on pore membranes). Pollen morphology proved to be an important additional source of information for species-specific identification. This study provides new data and analyzes the morphological features of pollen grains of Bassia (in the currently accepted circumscription), palynomorphological similarities, and differences between taxa of the genera Bassia, Sedobassia, Spirobassia, and Neokochia.

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Palynological Study of Fossil Plants from Miocene Murree Formation of Pakistan: Clues to Investigate Palaeoclimate and Palaeoenvironment

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Scanning electron microscopy of digestive tract parasites in jungle cat (Felis chaus)

Scanning electron microscopy of digestive tract parasites in jungle cat (Felis chaus)

Taxonomic significance of anatomical and micro‐morphological characteristics of Silene takesimensis Uyeki & Sakata

Taxonomic significance of pollen morphology of selected taxa of Bassia , Sedobassia , Spirobassia and Neokochia (Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae sensu APG IV)

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