Palynological evidence for Miocene climate change in the Forecarpathian Basin (Central Paratethys, NW Bulgaria)

Vegetation and climate in the Miocene deposits of southern side of the Büyük Menderes Graben, Șahinali-2 core, SW Turkey

“…Today, Ephedra grows in arid and semiarid areas. On the other hand, abundances of herbaceous taxa were reported in southeastern Mediterranean area by Ivanov et al (2002Ivanov et al ( , 2007 and Jiménez-Moreno et al (2007) who pointed out drier climate. However, minority of herbaceous plants defined in this study points to the absence of prevalent dry conditions.…”

“…4 (Ivanov et al 2002, Jiménez-Moreno et al 2007). Diversity and percentages of spores are low, but the number of pollen and their quantities are high.…”

Miocene palynoflora of the Kocaçay and Cumaovası basins: a contribution to the synthesis of Miocene palynology, palaeoclimate, and palaeovegetation in western Turkey

“…There are many palynological studies of the early Middle Miocene (Langhian) in Europe (e.g., Germany (Hochuli, 1978;Mosbrugger, 1995, 1996;Bruch et al, 2004), Bulgaria (Ivanov et al, 2002(Ivanov et al, , 2007(Ivanov et al, , 2011, Greece (Reigel et al, 1989;Ioakim et al, 2005), Spain (Jiménez-Moreno and , France , the Slovak Republic, Poland, and Hungary (Planderová, 1990;Wazynska, 1998;Stuchlik et al, 2001Stuchlik et al, , 2002Jiménez-Moreno, 2006;Kvaček et al, 2006;Kováčová and Sitár, 2007;Doláková and Kováčová, 2008;Doláková et al, 2011;Kováčová et al, 2011). In addition, sediments of the Langhian-Serravallian are widespread in Turkey.…”

Stable isotope-based reconstruction of Oligo-Miocene paleoenvironment and paleohydrology of Central Anatolian lake basins (Turkey)

“…Numerous studies were carried out to reconstruct Middle Cenozoic paleoenvironments in the Eastern Mediterranean to better understand the vegetation and climate history of the region. However, most of these studies are based on micro-and macrofloral records, either addressing spatially extensive coverage (e.g., Ivanov et al 2002;Kovar-Eder et al 2006;Akgün et al 2007;Bruch et al 2007;Fauquette et al 2007;Ivanov et al 2007aIvanov et al , 2007bStrömberg et al 2007;Ivanov et al 2008;Yavuz-Işık & Toprak 2010;Bruch et al 2011;Utescher et al 2011) or focusing on more local records (e.g., Akgün 1993;Whateley & Tuncali 1995;Akgün & Sözbilir 1999;Karayiğit et al 1999;Akgün et al 2002;Akkiraz & Akgün 2005;Kayseri et al 2006). Other approaches use mammal fossils as climatic proxies (e.g., Böhme 2003;Fortelius et al 2006;Eronen et al 2009) or are based on sedimentologic analysis, such as tracing the presence of lignite as an indicator of a warm and wet climate (e.g., Yağmurlu et al 1988;İnci 1990 O values indicates changes in regional climate including more arid conditions and an increasing dominance of closed saline lake conditions in the central plateau region.…”