Palmitoylethanolamide and Cannabidiol Prevent Inflammation-induced Hyperpermeability of the Human Gut In Vitro and In Vivo—A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Controlled Trial

Couch, Daniel; Cook, Hollie; Ortori, Catharine A.; Barrett, D. A.; Lund, Jonathan N.; O’Sullivan, Saoirse E.

doi:10.1093/ibd/izz017

Cited by 81 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In particular, they increase in the colon of dogs with diarrhea [141], while markedly decrease during acute intestinal absorptive disorders and in the course of unbalanced diets [134,142,143]. The enteroprotective effect of PEA passes through the direct or indirect activation of PPAR-α and CB2 receptors [138][139][140][144][145][146][147], whose expression has also been confirmed in the canine and feline gastrointestinal tract [101,109]. It has also recently been found that PEA restores the intestinal barrier permeability via the regulation of intercellular junctions [139,146,[148][149][150], and reduces inflammatory cell recruitment, i.e., macrophages and neutrophils, during experimental intestinal injury [138,144,147,[151][152][153][154].…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitoylethanolamide and Related ALIAmides: Prohomeostatic Lipid Compounds for Animal Health and Wellbeing

Gugliandolo

Peritore

Piras

et al. 2020

Veterinary Sciences

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Virtually every cellular process is affected by diet and this represents the foundation of dietary management to a variety of small animal disorders. Special attention is currently being paid to a family of naturally occurring lipid amides acting through the so-called autacoid local injury antagonism, i.e., the ALIA mechanism. The parent molecule of ALIAmides, palmitoyl ethanolamide (PEA), has being known since the 1950s as a nutritional factor with protective properties. Since then, PEA has been isolated from a variety of plant and animal food sources and its proresolving function in the mammalian body has been increasingly investigated. The discovery of the close interconnection between ALIAmides and the endocannabinoid system has greatly stimulated research efforts in this field. The multitarget and highly redundant mechanisms through which PEA exerts prohomeostatic functions fully breaks with the classical pharmacology view of “one drug, one target, one disease”, opening a new era in the management of animals’ health, i.e., an according-to-nature biomodulation of body responses to different stimuli and injury. The present review focuses on the direct and indirect endocannabinoid receptor agonism by PEA and its analogues and also targets the main findings from experimental and clinical studies on ALIAmides in animal health and wellbeing.

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Section: Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitoylethanolamide and Related ALIAmides: Prohomeostatic Lipid Compounds for Animal Health and Wellbeing

Gugliandolo

Peritore

Piras

et al. 2020

Veterinary Sciences

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“…CBD given orally with THC did not increase appetite or raise the quality of life in patients with cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome [129]. Regarding inflammatory-related disorders, a single dose of CBD reduced aspirin-induced increased gut permeability [130], suggesting its effectiveness in disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. On the other hand, CBD given chronically, alone or with THC, did not lead to any clinical improvement in patients with moderately active Crohn's disease [131] or ulcerative colitis [132] (Table 2).…”

Section: Use Of Cbd For Covid-19 Treatment? Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Opportunities, Challenges and Pitfalls of Using Cannabidiol as an Adjuvant Drug in COVID-19

Malinowska

Baranowska-Kuczko

Kicman

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may lead to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which, in turn, may be associated with multiple organ dysfunction. In this review, we present advantages and disadvantages of cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating phytocannabinoid from the cannabis plant, as a potential agent for the treatment of COVID-19. CBD has been shown to downregulate proteins responsible for viral entry and to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication. Preclinical studies have demonstrated its effectiveness against diseases of the respiratory system as well as its cardioprotective, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective and anti-convulsant properties, that is, effects that may be beneficial for COVID-19. Only the latter two properties have been demonstrated in clinical studies, which also revealed anxiolytic and antinociceptive effects of CBD (given alone or together with Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol), which may be important for an adjuvant treatment to improve the quality of life in patients with COVID-19 and to limit post-traumatic stress symptoms. However, one should be aware of side effects of CBD (which are rarely serious), drug interactions (also extending to drugs acting against COVID-19) and the proper route of its administration (vaping may be dangerous). Clearly, further clinical studies are necessary to prove the suitability of CBD for the treatment of COVID-19.

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“…In addition to their anti-inflammatory effects, the beneficial consequences of the cannabinoids’ treatment in IBD may be attributed by their influence on the permeability of the gastrointestinal tract. Couch et al recently demonstrated that aspirin causes an increase in the absorption of lactulose and mannitol, which could be reversed by palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) or CBD treatment ( p < 0.001) in a human, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial [ 114 ].…”

Section: The Effects Of Cannabinoid-based Treatments In Different mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis, the Endocannabinoid System and Immunity—the Journey from the Bedside to the Bench and Back

Almogi-Hazan

2020

IJMS

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The Cannabis plant contains numerous components, including cannabinoids and other active molecules. The phyto-cannabinoid activity is mediated by the endocannabinoid system. Cannabinoids affect the nervous system and play significant roles in the regulation of the immune system. While Cannabis is not yet registered as a drug, the potential of cannabinoid-based medicines for the treatment of various conditions has led many countries to authorize their clinical use. However, the data from basic and medical research dedicated to medical Cannabis is currently limited. A variety of pathological conditions involve dysregulation of the immune system. For example, in cancer, immune surveillance and cancer immuno-editing result in immune tolerance. On the other hand, in autoimmune diseases increased immune activity causes tissue damage. Immuno-modulating therapies can regulate the immune system and therefore the immune-regulatory properties of cannabinoids, suggest their use in the therapy of immune related disorders. In this contemporary review, we discuss the roles of the endocannabinoid system in immunity and explore the emerging data about the effects of cannabinoids on the immune response in different pathologies. In addition, we discuss the complexities of using cannabinoid-based treatments in each of these conditions.

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Palmitoylethanolamide and Cannabidiol Prevent Inflammation-induced Hyperpermeability of the Human Gut In Vitro and In Vivo—A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Controlled Trial

Abstract: No financial/grant disclosures declared.

Cited by 81 publications

References 51 publications

Palmitoylethanolamide and Related ALIAmides: Prohomeostatic Lipid Compounds for Animal Health and Wellbeing

Palmitoylethanolamide and Related ALIAmides: Prohomeostatic Lipid Compounds for Animal Health and Wellbeing

Opportunities, Challenges and Pitfalls of Using Cannabidiol as an Adjuvant Drug in COVID-19

Cannabis, the Endocannabinoid System and Immunity—the Journey from the Bedside to the Bench and Back

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