Palm oil as a biolubricant: Literature review of processing parameters and tribological performance

Durango-Giraldo, Geraldine; Zapata-Hernandez, Camilo; Santa, Juan Felipe; Buitrago‐Sierra, Robison

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2021.12.018

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The effectiveness of MQL is only as good as the chosen lubricant. Saturated fatty acids outperform unsaturated fatty acids in lubrication [5]. Cottonseed and palm oils are better suited as base fluids in MQL environments [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Viscosity of Nanofluids on Surface Roughness in End Milling of Nickel Alloys with Minimum Quantity Lubrication

et al. 2023

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Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) using vegetable oils is considered a sustainable lubrication method, particularly for machining difficult-to-machine materials like nickel and titanium alloys. Although a significant influence of nanofluid viscosity on lubrication has been observed in MQL machining, as evidenced by limited literature, the influence of viscosity on MQL machining of difficult-to-machine materials like nickel alloys is yet to be established. This research aimed to study the influence of viscosity on the MQL end milling machining performance of Inconel 718 alloy. Three representative nanofluids were prepared using metallic (Cu), ceramic (Al2O3), and non-metallic (CNT) nanoparticles and palm oil. It was found that the CNT had a significant influence on viscosity at the same concentration, resulting in the highest viscosity of 433.2cP at 30oC. When the machining performance was investigated under different lubricating conditions (dry machining, flood cooling, and MQL), the viscosity of the nanofluids was observed to have a substantial influence on the machining performance. The CNT nanofluid with the highest viscosity penetrated the machining zone producing the lowest surface roughness with improved lubrication by 65.4% and 30.18% when compared with dry machining and flood cooling, respectively. The surface topography study confirmed the superior lubrication performance of CNT nanofluid. Overall, MQL milling with 0.5wt% nanoparticle concentration demonstrated effective machining performance when compared with dry machining and flood cooling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Viscosity of Nanofluids on Surface Roughness in End Milling of Nickel Alloys with Minimum Quantity Lubrication

et al. 2023

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“…17,18 In this context, palm oil has significant value as a renewable biolubricant/oil and as an alternative and promising competitor for substituting petroleum-based lubricants that damage the environment. [19][20][21] Palm oil considerably controls the greenhouse emissions like carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC). 22,23 There are limited studies about the tribological performance of PA12 parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of build orientation on the green tribological properties of multi-jet fusion manufactured PA12 parts

Gavcar,

Sumer,

Sagbas

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is a newly developed technology for manufacturing parts from three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) models by depositing a material layer on layer. Multi-jet fusion (MJF) is one of the AM technologies that can be used for manufacturing functional parts like gear, linear, bearing, etc., by polymers. In various applications, technical processes, design of tribological systems, optimum lubrication, and reduction of wear and friction are significant performance criteria to provide energy and material conservation. The development of green tribological applications offers essential solutions to problems of ecosystem pollution and energy from a global point of view to increase sustainability. In this article, the green tribological behavior of Polyamide 12 (PA12) parts, manufactured by MJF with different build orientations was evaluated by ball-on-disc tribological tests under different normal loads and lubricated environments. Mechanical profilometer and digital microscope were used to evaluate surface quality and morphology. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to determine the samples’ wear characteristics. The maximum surface roughness was measured for the part having a build orientation of 45°. The maximum coefficient of friction value was determined as 0.355 for the sample with 45° orientation under 5 N load and dry environment. The maximum wear rate value was determined as 2.3249 × 10−4 mm3/Nmm for the sample with 0° orientation under 10 N load and dry state. The differences between build orientations should be considered when evaluating tribological properties. This article provides a new perspective to researchers and practitioners toward green tribology of polymer AM parts.

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“…13,18,19 The viscometer cell, with a length of 425 mm, is formed by two concentric tubes and is covered by an aluminum frame where silicone oil is circulating. The total volume necessary to fill the viscometer cell is 70 cm 3 . Two parallel electromagnetic coils (50 mm apart) are fixed to the outer tube, detecting the passage of a sinker through a variation of the magnetic flux (falling time of the sinker, Δt).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Around half of these oils end up in the environment due to leaks or volatilization. − Better practices can be implemented to prevent leakages, and disposal of used lubricants can also be improved . However, the use of environmentally friendly fluids seems to be a more appealing alternative, especially when they can be obtained from natural sources. ,− Despite the advantages that vegetable bases possess, such as high viscosity index, high lubricity, low volatility, and good boundary lubrication properties (their polar ester groups are able to adhere to metal surfaces), their low thermal stability, high pour point, and low viscosity grade severely limit their widespread use . Vegetable bases can be directly improved by chemical modification of the oil or genetic alteration of the plant, among others .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophysical and Tribological Properties of Highly Viscous Biolubricants

Paredes

Río

Gonçalves

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Two new highly viscous biodegradable oils are investigated for use in wind turbine gearboxes (BIO-G00) and in mechanical transmissions of agricultural tractors (BIO-G02). Studies on their thermophysical and tribological properties were performed. High-pressure–viscosity measurements were obtained up to 250 MPa and 363.15 K using a falling-body apparatus. The viscosity of BIO-G00 and BIO-G02 reaches maximum values of 14720 and 7072 mPa·s, respectively. The film thickness and the tribological performance, from boundary to full-fluid lubrication regimes, under a slide-to-roll ratio of 5% obtained in an EHD2 ball-on-disk test rig are reported. Film thickness has also been computed through the Hamrock and Dowson equation, considering the inlet shear heating (thermal correction factor) due to the high viscosity of both biolubricants. Differences between the experimental and theoretical film thicknesses are around 4% at 353.15 K and 14% at 303.15 K for both oils. The universal pressure–viscosity coefficients, αfilm, for both oils are lower than those of other mineral and synthetic oils. Higher friction coefficients are obtained for BIO-G00 in all of the studied lubrication regimes for the different rough disks and in the entire temperature range. A suitable wetting behavior on steel surfaces is observed for both selected oils.

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Palm oil as a biolubricant: Literature review of processing parameters and tribological performance

Cited by 22 publications

References 81 publications

Influence of the Viscosity of Nanofluids on Surface Roughness in End Milling of Nickel Alloys with Minimum Quantity Lubrication

Influence of the Viscosity of Nanofluids on Surface Roughness in End Milling of Nickel Alloys with Minimum Quantity Lubrication

Effect of build orientation on the green tribological properties of multi-jet fusion manufactured PA12 parts

Thermophysical and Tribological Properties of Highly Viscous Biolubricants

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