Palliative care quiz for nurses-Indonesian version (PCQN-I): A cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability study

Abstract

Background The palliative care quiz for nurses (PCQN) has been frequently used to assess palliative care knowledge and has been adapted into several languages. The aim of this study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the palliative care quiz for nurses into the Indonesian context (PCQN-I) and evaluate its psychometric properties.Methods A two-stage design was used in this study, including a cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric testing. The PCQN-I was tested on a convenience sample of healthcare providers recruited from 20 primary healthcare (PHC) centers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from July to October 2017.Results The cross-cultural adaptation ultimately resulted in a total of 20 items of the PCQN-I. An expert committee revised words in Item 4 “adjuvant therapies” to “adjuvant therapies/additional therapies”; Item 5 “bowel regimen” to “gastrointestinal therapies”; and Item 16 “Demerol” to “Pethidine” according to situation in Indonesia. The experts retained Item 5 “It is crucial for family members to remain at the bedside until death occurs,” although none of the participants (n = 40) involved in the pilot testing could answer it correctly; and Item 19 “The loss of a distant or contentious relationship is easier to resolve than the loss of one that is close or intimate”, although few participants responded correctly. A total of 150 healthcare providers consisting of 100 nurses and 50 physicians were involved in the psychometric testing. The scale-level content validity index/Ave of the PCQN-I was 0.97 and 0.93 in terms of its relevancy and clarity, respectively. The Kuder–Richardson formula 20 score was 0.71.Conclusions The PCQN-I is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing palliative care knowledge among PHC providers. Further research is warranted to examine its reliability in different clinical settings.

Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitudes towards Palliative Care: A Study in a Western Province in Indonesia

“…The first part is demographic variables including age, gender, religion, latest education, employment status, years of service, and training of palliative. The second part is the collection of data on knowledge variables which is carried out using the PCQN questionnaire which contains 20 statements to respond with choices of right, wrong, and don't know 10 .…”