Palladium-encapsulated hollow porous carbon nanospheres as nanoreactors for highly efficient and size-selective catalysis

Gao, Shengguang; Zhang, Li; Yu, Haitao; Wang, Huaqing; Huang, Kun

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2021.01.023

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…30 A number of common template types, including surfactants, polymers, silica, and metal oxides, have been used as templates for the preparation of nanoreactors. [43][44][45] Yang et al 43 demonstrated an 'inside-out' synthetic strategy to achieve individual Ru nanoparticles anchored within yolkstructured nanospheres, which exhibited signicantly higher cycling stability during aqueous levulinic acid hydrogenation in water. The Ru colloids stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were layer-by-layer coated with silica and modied chitosan (nitrogen and carbon source) to produce a nitrogen doped core-shell conguration.…”

Section: Pre-synthetic Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the adjustable pore structure on the carbon shell confers significant molecular sieving effects on the nanoreactor, strongly determining the adsorption and diffusion behavior of substrate molecules in the microenvironment through the size selection effect, and permeable thin shells for shortening charge diffusion paths. Gao et al 8 prepared hollow porous carbon spheres loaded Pd catalysts (Pd@HPCNs) via a hyper-crosslinking mediated self-assembly strategy and subsequently a “ship in bottle” method. The Pd@HPCN nanoreactors exhibited size-selective oxidation of 4-biphenylbenzenemethanol and benzyl alcohol due to the molecular sieve effect of the microporous hollow carbon shells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metal@hollow carbon sphere nanoreactors for sustainable biomass and CO₂valorization

Kuang

2022

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Section: Pre-synthetic Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal@hollow carbon sphere nanoreactors for sustainable biomass and CO₂valorization

Kuang

2022

J. Mater. Chem. A

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“…Carbon-based nanomaterials such as fullerene, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon dots (CDs) have attracted wide research interests due to their distinct photoluminescence property, large surface areas, versatile surface functionalization, low toxicity, and good biocompatibility; − hence, they have promising prospects in diverse fields, including sensing, catalysis, drug delivery, biological imaging, and energy storage. − Simple carbon sources, such as sugars or carbohydrates, citric acid, urea, o -phenylendiamine, and glycerol and various organic sources including watermelon, pomelo peels, orange juice, honey etc., have been used to construct carbon nanostructures. , These carbon sources are usually directly carbonized into quasi-zero-dimensional (0D) carbon dots with low purity . It is difficult to prepare carbon nanomaterials with controllable morphologies, such as nanorings and nanoballs, from these carbon sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Template-Free Synthesis of Porous Fluorescent Carbon Nanomaterials with Gluten for Intracellular Imaging and Drug Delivery

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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A series of carbon nanomaterials, including carbon dots, carbon nanorings (CNRs), and porous carbon nanoballs, were facilely prepared by a template-free hydrothermal treatment of gluten as the sole carbon source. Driven by the hydrophobicity interaction, a concentration-dependent self-assembly of gluten was observed in an aqueous solution, leading to the subsequent formation of different morphologies of carbon nanomaterials in a hydrothermal treatment. Among these carbon nanomaterials, the CNRs exhibit bright photoluminescence with a quantum yield of 47.0%. Furthermore, CNRs also have a large surface area and low toxicity, making them an excellent drug carrier for chemotherapeutics. A model drug molecule doxorubicin (DOX) was successfully loaded on the CNRs, and the CNRs-DOX complexes exhibit a pH-dependent DOX release behavior. Compared with free DOX, the CNRs-DOX complexes can induce a higher level of apoptosis and lower level of necrosis, showing promise as anticancer agents.

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“…Carbon nanostructures, featured by the large surface area, tunable porous structure, controllable surface chemistry, and superior conductivity, have attracted significant attention in range of applications such as energy storage and conversion, [1][2][3] adsorption, [4] drug delivery, [5] catalysis. [6,7] Accordingly, the carbon universe has steadily expanded along with the discovery of fullerenes, nanotubes, and graphene in the past decades. [8,9] Carbon nano-onions (CNOs) are constituted by multilayer highly curved fullerene shells, imparting intriguing electrochemical performance as electrode materials as 251 F g −1 at 20 A g −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nano‐Onions from Heavy Oil for Supercapacitors

Liu

Tang

Han

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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Moreover, the abundant nanovoids on the sp 2 -hybridized carbon shell and interior space of CNOs facilitate the loading of pseudocapacitive species (metal oxides, [11] the conductive polymer, [12] functional groups, [13,14] etc.) and corresponding charge transport during the charge-storage process. Although fascinating performance has been achieved by CNOs, the efficient synthesis of CNOs remains a great challenge, seriously impeding its application in supercapacitors.Great efforts have been made on the synthesis of CNOs in the past decades. Series of synthetic techniques such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), [15] underwater electric arc discharge, [16] carbon ion implantation, [17] and annealing of nanodiamonds [18] have been developed to achieve CNOs with tunable sizes (5-200 nm), shapes (spherical and polyhedral), and types of cores (hollow and dense). Among various techniques, chemical methods including CVD, the thermal transformation of nanodiamonds, and thermal pyrolysis of carbon precursor were considered as more viable methods for the production of CNOs, especially in large-scale (gram quantities). For instance, Chen et al. [19] reported a gramscale CVD synthesis of hollow CNOs with MgO supported Co as the catalyst. The hollow CNOs consist of defective carbon shells with diameters ranging from 10 to 50 nm. Recently, the functionalized onion-like graphitic carbon nanospheres (5-30 nm in diameter) were fabricated by a high-temperature transformation of nanodiamonds at 2700 °C, providing the high surface area with multiple oxygen functional groups for enhanced Li-ion storage. [20] Nevertheless, these techniques still suffer from the use of large contents of catalyst (>50 wt%) and high temperature (>1700 °C) [21] in the gram-scale synthesis of CNOs.Herein, we demonstrate a novel bubble template for efficient assembly of CNOs at gram-scale, by using sticky pitch to coat on petroleum coke. The corresponding formation mechanism was proposed and the key feature of this approach is the confinement of petroleum coke generated gas bubbles (H 2 ) to serve as the pristine fragments of graphitic shells for the assembly of CNOs. The as-synthesized CNOs present a uniform particle size of ≈5-30 nm, a superior surface area up to 2665.5 m 2 g −1 , and a large pore volume of 1.2 cm 3 g −1 , which favor the ionic diffusion as well as electronic transport in supercapacitors. Significantly, the CNOs electrode delivered a high specific capacitance of 312 F g −1 at 1 A g −1 and retained as high Carbon nano-onions (CNOs), recognized as multilayered fullerenes, display superior electrical conductivity (comparable with carbon black) and large surface area due to the highly defective sp 2 carbon shells, making it a promising member of carbon nanomaterials for energy applications. However, the lack of efficient synthesis of CNOs in large-scale production (gram quantities) has impeded their range of commercial applications. Herein, for the first time, it is demonstrated that the gram-scale synthesis of CNOs is developed by simply an...

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Palladium-encapsulated hollow porous carbon nanospheres as nanoreactors for highly efficient and size-selective catalysis

Cited by 25 publications

References 37 publications

Metal@hollow carbon sphere nanoreactors for sustainable biomass and CO₂valorization

Metal@hollow carbon sphere nanoreactors for sustainable biomass and CO₂valorization

Template-Free Synthesis of Porous Fluorescent Carbon Nanomaterials with Gluten for Intracellular Imaging and Drug Delivery

Novel Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nano‐Onions from Heavy Oil for Supercapacitors

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Palladium-encapsulated hollow porous carbon nanospheres as nanoreactors for highly efficient and size-selective catalysis

Cited by 25 publications

References 37 publications

Metal@hollow carbon sphere nanoreactors for sustainable biomass and CO2valorization

Metal@hollow carbon sphere nanoreactors for sustainable biomass and CO2valorization

Template-Free Synthesis of Porous Fluorescent Carbon Nanomaterials with Gluten for Intracellular Imaging and Drug Delivery

Novel Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nano‐Onions from Heavy Oil for Supercapacitors

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Product

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Metal@hollow carbon sphere nanoreactors for sustainable biomass and CO₂valorization

Metal@hollow carbon sphere nanoreactors for sustainable biomass and CO₂valorization