Palladium-doped sulfated zirconia: Deactivation behavior in isomerization of n-hexane

Liu, Naiwang; Ma, Zhen; Wang, Sitan; Shi, Li; Hu, Xiude; Meng, Xuan

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116566

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The addition of several transition metals to sulfated zirconia, such as Pt, Pd [10], Fe, and Mn [8], has been shown to increase the catalytic activity and stability against rapid deactivation. However, Ma et al [11] demonstrated that Ni impairs the catalytic efficiency of sulfated zirconia.…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Ni-WO3/Sulfated Zirconia Nano catalyst for Isomerization of N-Hexane and Iraqi Light Naphtha

Kamel

Mohammed

Al-Jendeel³

2021

IJCPE

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This work deals with preparation of Sulfated Zirconia catalyst (SZ) for isomerization of n-hexane model and refinery light naphtha, as well as enhanced the role of promoters to get the target with the mild condition, stability, and to prevent formation of coke precursors on strong acidic sites of the catalyst. The prepared SZ catalysts were characterization by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer –Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) Analyzer. The results illustrate that the maximum conversion and selectivity for n-hexane isomerization with Ni-WSZ and operating temperature of 150 °C was 80.1% and 96 % respectively .Other set of experimental with light naphtha , the results show that the maximum conversion and selectivity with Ni-WSZ and operating temperature of 150 °C was 73.6% and 74% respectively.

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Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Ni-WO3/Sulfated Zirconia Nano catalyst for Isomerization of N-Hexane and Iraqi Light Naphtha

Kamel

Mohammed

Al-Jendeel³

2021

IJCPE

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“…Xuan Menga et at. [50] studied the surface of sulfated zirconia synthetized by sulfated zirconium hydroxides. Here, Lewis acid are the main active sites on the surface, dependent upon the calcination temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Different Acidic Surface Structures in Solid Catalysts Applied for the Isobutene Dimerization Reaction

et al. 2020

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Dimerization of isobutene (IBE) to C8s olefins was evaluated over a range of solid acid catalysts of diverse nature, in a fixed bed reactor working in a continuous mode. All catalytic materials were studied in the title reaction performed between 50–250 °C, being the reaction feed a mixture of IBE/helium (4:1 molar ratio). In all materials, both conversion and selectivity increased with increasing reaction temperature and at 180 °C the best performance was recorded. Herein, we used thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and temperature programmed desorption of adsorbed ammonia (NH3-TPD) for catalysts characterization. We place emphasis on the nature of acid sites that affect the catalytic performance. High selectivity to C8s was achieved with all catalysts. Nicely, the catalyst with higher loading of Brønsted sites displayed brilliant catalytic performance in the course of the reaction (high IBE conversion). However, optimum selectivity towards C8 compounds led to low catalyst stability, this being attributed to the combined effect between the nature of acidic sites and structural characteristics of the catalytic materials used. Therefore, this study would foment more research in the optimization of the activity and the selectivity for IBE dimerization reactions.

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“…The absorption bands at the wavenumbers of 429, 518, 585, 740, 1633, and 3426 cm -1 are detected on each catalyst. The FTIR spectra of the catalyst after sulfonation can be observed with the appearance of an absorption band at the wavenumber 1045 cm -1 , which is the vibration of the O=S=O group [40]. The vibration of the -SO 3 H group is detected at 1149 cm -1 .…”

Section: Transesterification Reaction Using Na 2 O/zro 2 Solid Base C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of SO42–/ZrO2 Solid Acid and Na2O/ZrO2 Solid Base Catalysts Using Hydrothermal Method for Biodiesel Production from Low-Grade Crude Palm Oil

et al. 2022

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Biodiesel is a renewable energy source that can be produced through esterification as well as transesterification reactions. This work presents a series of zirconia catalysts synthesized by hydrothermal method on various concentrations in acidic (H2SO4 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 M) and basic (NaOH 1, 2, 3, and 4 M) solution to get a catalyst with the highest acidity or basicity. Characterizations of the catalysts were performed by FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, surface area analysis, acidity, and basicity test. The most active acid catalyst activity was evaluated for the esterification of low-grade crude palm oil (LGCPO), while the solid base catalyst was utilized for the transesterification reaction. The solid acid catalyst of 0.7 M SO42–/ZrO2 60 °C; 24 h was denoted as the most active acid catalyst with a total acidity of 1.86 mmol g–1, while 4 M Na2O/ZrO2 60 °C; 24 h catalyst was considered as the solid base catalyst with the highest total basicity of 3.75 ± 0.12 mmol g–1. The optimized acid catalyst exhibited a 31 times higher acidity than commercial ZrO2. The concentration of free fatty acids (FFA) decreased to 68.87% in the esterification reaction. The solid base catalyst of 4 M Na2O/ZrO2 60 °C; 24 h successfully converted LGCPO into biodiesel by 68.55% through a transesterification reaction.

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Palladium-doped sulfated zirconia: Deactivation behavior in isomerization of n-hexane

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Ni-WO3/Sulfated Zirconia Nano catalyst for Isomerization of N-Hexane and Iraqi Light Naphtha

Synthesis and Characterization of Ni-WO3/Sulfated Zirconia Nano catalyst for Isomerization of N-Hexane and Iraqi Light Naphtha

Comparative Study of Different Acidic Surface Structures in Solid Catalysts Applied for the Isobutene Dimerization Reaction

Synthesis of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2–</sup>/ZrO<sub>2</sub> Solid Acid and Na<sub>2</sub>O/ZrO<sub>2</sub> Solid Base Catalysts Using Hydrothermal Method for Biodiesel Production from Low-Grade Crude Palm Oil

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