Palladium decorated on a new dendritic complex with nitrogen ligation grafted to graphene oxide: fabrication, characterization, and catalytic application

Abstract

Immobilized Pd nanoparticles on a new ligand, namely, tris(pentaethylene-pentamine)triazine supported on graphene oxide (Pd np -TPEPTA (L) -GO) was introduced as a novel and robust heterogeneous catalyst for use in C-C bond formation reaction. The Pd np -TPEPTA (L) -GO catalyst was synthesized by complexation of Pd with TPEPTA as a ligand with high N-ligation sites that were supported on graphene oxide through 3chloropropyltrimethoxysilane. The prepared catalyst was characterized using some microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The TPEPTA (L) -GO substrate is a 2D heterogeneous catalyst with a high specific surface area and a large amount of N-ligation sites. The Pd np -TPEPTA (L) -GO catalyst used in the C-C bond formation reaction between aryl or heteroaryl and phenylboronic acid derivatives was applied towards the synthesis of biaryl units in high isolated yields. Notably, a series of competing experiments were performed to establish the selectivity trends of the presented method. Also, this catalyst system was reusable at least six times without a significant decrease in its catalytic activity.

Preparation and characterization of cellulose sulfate/Pd nanocatalsysts with remarkable efficiency for Suzuki–Miyaura reaction

“…[ 18–20 ] In this direction, the palladium catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura cross coupling reaction of aryl halides and phenyl boronic acid derivatives has been reported. [ 21–27 ] These protocols have several desirable features including mild reaction condition, the broad range of functional group tolerance, high air and moisture stability and high products yield with great regio‐ and stereoselectivity, has grown in popularity for synthesis of diversified biaryls with a broad range of applications. [ 28 ]…”

Functionalized CoFe2O4/lamellar mesopore silica anchored to melamine nanocomposite as a novel catalyst for synthesis of 4H‐chromenes under mild conditions

“…[31] The bulk mesophase managed with the silica-to-surfactant ratio and formation of cubic, lamellar, hexagonal, that this phase due to silica/surfactant self-assembly and so charge matching at the interface. [32] Recently, the heterogeneous [33][34][35][36] catalysts were used to synthesis of organic compounds because of high activity and recoverability. [37][38][39][40][41] Synthesis of tetrahydro-4Hchromenes was tested by using different catalysts, method and solvent.…”

Elements-Continuous-Flow Platform for Coupling Reactions and Anti-viral Daclatasvir API Synthesis

“…The commercial manufacturing process for daclatasvir (trade name Daklinza) involves multistep reaction protocols such as a C-C coupling reaction to make the core biphenyl moiety, bromination, N-Boc-L-proline coupling, imidazole formation, Boc deprotection, and Moc-L-valine coupling, and then conversion into the corresponding dihydrochloride salt. 1,2 For the synthesis of the biaryl core moiety, several C-C coupling reactions have been extensively studied in the presence of transition metals, including Au, 3 Pd, [4][5][6][7][8] Rh, 9 Ru, 10 Ir, 11 Ni, [12][13][14] and Cu. 15 Additionally, external oxidants such as benzoquinone or copper acetate 4 and reductants such as zinc, magnesium, hydroquinone, or ascorbic acid 4 are needed for changing the oxidation state of the transition-metal catalyst and initiating the formation of the aryl intermediate involving an electron-transfer pro-cess.…”