Palladium complexes in concentrated nitrate and acid solutions

Frias, E.Camacho; Pitsch, H.; Ly, J.; Poitrenaud, C.

doi:10.1016/0039-9140(95)01626-0

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In weakly acidic solutions losses of palladium during storage process may occur due to its hydrolysis [4] and/or adsorption onto the surface of vessels. The properties of the container, such as its chemical composition, surface roughness, and cleanliness, may influence the process of adsorption.…”

Section: Influence Of Storage Vessel On Palladium Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In aqueous solutions the prevailing oxidation state of palladium is two except for very strong complexes of Pd(IV). Hydrolysis of Pd 2+ occurs in very dilute solutions, the formation of the complexes PdOH + and Pd(OH) 2 starts at pH above 1 and insoluble Pd(OH) 2 precipitates from weakly acid solutions [4]. Above pH 2 polynuclear forms have been identified and their transformation in red-brownish polycondensed products has been described [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Hazards of errors in the palladium storage in determination by GFAAS

Godlewska‐Żyłkiewicz

2002

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Losses of palladium in weakly acidic solutions during storage process, which occur by its hydrolysis and/or adsorption onto the surface of storage vessels, are studied and ways of overcoming them are proposed. A fast and effective procedure for cleaning of laboratory ware with 0.2 mol L(-1) thiourea in 0.1 mol L(-1) HCl is described. Preparing palladium solutions in quartz vessels as well as using autosampler cups made from quartz glass, enabled to diminish the detection limit of palladium in synthetic solutions by GFAAS from 0.94 ng/mL to 0.27 ng/mL.

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Section: Influence Of Storage Vessel On Palladium Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hazards of errors in the palladium storage in determination by GFAAS

Godlewska‐Żyłkiewicz

2002

Anal Bioanal Chem

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“…2, continuous line) the current increased at 0.425 V versus SHE and a plateau (IC) could be observed between 0.08 V B E versus SHE B 0.2 V due to the reduction of palladium ions (reaction (2)) [17,18]. The second process (IIC) at -0.07 B E versus SHE B 0.02 V is characteristic of the electrosorption of hydrogen.…”

Section: Palladium Depositionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…During the reduction of these complexes, both chemical and electrochemical reactions occur [17]. Typical ligands include CN -and NH 3 with equilibrium constants in the order of 1 9 10 51 and 1 9 10 30 , respectively together with standard potentials (E o ) of -0.557 and 0.034 V versus SHE, respectively [18]. These values indicate very stable complexes with reduction potentials close or negative to that of the HER:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The use of a rotating cylinder electrode to selective recover palladium from acid solutions used to manufacture automotive catalytic converters

et al. 2010

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The reduction of palladium, rhodium and neodymium ions at concentrations of 0.94, 0.97 and 0.69 mol dm -3 , respectively was studied in 1 mol dm -3 HNO 3 or 1 mol dm -3 HCl, at a stainless steel and a vitreous carbon electrode, at 25°C. At a vitreous carbon electrode in a solution containing rhodium and palladium ions in 1 mol dm -3 HCl electrolyte, the reduction of metal ions occurred at a similar potential to the formation of hydrogen gas, which impeded the selective separation of the two metals. At a stainless steel cathode in 1 mol dm -3 HNO 3 , palladium deposition occurred at a potential &0.35 V less negative than that of rhodium allowing the selective recovery of palladium. Neodymium ions were not electroactive in acidic chloride or nitrate media at pH 0. Using a solution obtained from a catalytic converter manufacturer containing palladium, rhodium and neodymium ions in 1 mol dm -3 HNO 3 , palladium ions were preferentially removed at 0.15 V versus SHE at an average cumulative current efficiency of 57%.

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Studies Toward an Ideal Fluorescence Method to Measure Palladium in Functionalized Organic Molecules: Effects of Sodium Borohydride, Temperature, Phosphine Ligand, and Phosphate Ions on Kinetics

Song

Carder

Kohler

et al. 2010

Chemistry A European J

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Residual metals in fine chemicals are currently detected by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, which requires expensive instrumentation and does not have high-throughput capabilities. Although fluorescent probes can be amenable to high-throughput analyses of metals, the utility of such analyses is limited due to the lack of generality. Herein, we report a significant improvement (≈19-fold) to our previously reported catalysis-based fluorescent probe for palladium. Specifically, we found that slightly elevated temperature dramatically improved the generality of the method and that the deallylation reaction of the nonfluorescent compound 1 was accelerated by phosphate ions in aqueous media. This method was capable of detecting 0.2 ppb palladium. We demonstrated reasonably accurate palladium detection in various active pharmaceutical ingredients and highly functionalized organic compounds.

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Palladium complexes in concentrated nitrate and acid solutions

Cited by 35 publications

References 8 publications

Hazards of errors in the palladium storage in determination by GFAAS

Hazards of errors in the palladium storage in determination by GFAAS

The use of a rotating cylinder electrode to selective recover palladium from acid solutions used to manufacture automotive catalytic converters

Studies Toward an Ideal Fluorescence Method to Measure Palladium in Functionalized Organic Molecules: Effects of Sodium Borohydride, Temperature, Phosphine Ligand, and Phosphate Ions on Kinetics

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