Paliperidone Palmitate: A Breakthrough Treatment for Schizophrenia? A Review on Patient Adherence Levels, Healthcare Resource Utilization and Costs

Abstract

International guidelines suggest long-term antipsychotic therapies for treating schizophrenia; however, medication compliance remains a critical issue in schizophrenia. Paliperidone palmitate (PP) is a second-generation antipsychotic long-acting injectable (SGA-LAI) approved for the treatment of schizophrenia. To date, the majority of studies on PP compliance patterns did not use specific instruments to assess medications' adherence, have been performed in not naturalistic samples and present partially overlapping populations. We conducted a systematic review in which we aimed to review the current knowledge on PP-LAI adherence levels and to describe healthcare resource utilisation and costs related to PP-LAI treatment. The evaluation has been conducted by searching in different databases (PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) from inception to September 2022. Our findings suggest that paliperidone palmitate should be considered a good treatment strategy for patients affected by schizophrenia: PP showed both a good efficacy and tolerability and better adherence patterns and more favourable healthcare resource utilisation and costs, compared to OA.

Paliperidone Palmitate versus Risperidone Long-Acting Injectable in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis of Efficacy and Safety

“…Like risperidone, paliperidone blocks both 5HT 2A and D 2 receptors, α 1 and α 2 adrenoceptors, and H 1 receptors, but not β adrenoceptors, muscarinic cholinoceptors, or peptidergic receptors. Paliperidone palmitate (PP), a second-generation LAIA, has three different formulations: PP1M, PP3M and paliperidone palmitate 6-monthly (PP6M), 20 and has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia. 21 Although the introduction of PP for the treatment of psychotic disorders constitutes a valuable broadening of therapeutic possibilities for patients with a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia, the therapeutic superiority of PP LAIAs over risperidone LAIAs is inconclusive.…”

QbD-Driven Development and Validation of a Bioanalytical LC–MS Method for Quantification of Paliperidone in Human Plasma

“…One such imperative area of bioanalysis revolves around Paliperidone chemically 9-hydroxyrisperidone, a pharmacologically significant compound that holds a pivotal role in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders, most notably schizophrenia. As a key component of atypical antipsychotic medications, the quantification of Paliperidone in biological matrices, particularly human plasma, is of paramount importance for evaluating its pharmacokinetic profile and ensuring therapeutic efficacy (Bramante et al, 2023).…”