Paleotemperatures from fluid inclusions in halite: method verification and a 100,000 year paleotemperature record, Death Valley, CA

Lowenstein, Tim K.; Li, Jianren; Brown, Christopher Boyd

doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(98)00061-8

Cited by 89 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Within individual cycles, facies that are superposed occurred side by side spatially (e.g., Middleton, 1973;Posamentier and Allen, 1999). This is consistent with sequence stratigraphy theory (Van Wagoner et al, 1988b) but contrasts with reports of non-Waltherian cycles from the Green River Formation and underfi lled lacustrine basins in the Qaidam basin and Death Valley (Yang et al, 1995;Lowenstein et al, 1998;Pietras and Carroll, 2006).…”

Section: Interpretation Of Zhada Formation Cyclessupporting

confidence: 81%

Climate-driven environmental change in the Zhada basin, southwestern Tibetan Plateau

Saylor

2010

Geosphere

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The Zhada basin is a large Neogene extensional sag basin in the Tethyan Himalaya of southwestern Tibet. In this paper we examine environmental changes in the Zhada basin using sequence stratigraphy, isotope stratigraphy, and lithostratigraphy. Sequence stratigraphy reveals a long-term tectonic signal in the formation and fi lling of the Zhada basin, as well as higher-frequency cycles, which we attribute to Milankovitch forcing. The record of Milankovitch cycles in the Zhada basin implies that global climate drove lake and wetland expansion and contraction in the southern Tibetan Plateau from the Late Miocene to the Pleistocene. Sequence stratigraphy shows that the Zhada basin evolved from an overfi lled to underfi lled basin, but continued evolution was truncated by an abrupt return to fl uvial conditions. Isotope stratigraphy shows distinct drying cycles, particularly during times when the basin was underfi lled.A long-term environmental change observed in the Zhada basin involves a decrease in abundance of arboreal pollen in favor of nonarboreal pollen. The similarity between the long-term environmental changes in the Zhada basin and those observed elsewhere on and around the Tibetan Plateau suggests that those changes are due to global or regional climate change rather than solely the result of uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.

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Section: Interpretation Of Zhada Formation Cyclessupporting

confidence: 81%

Climate-driven environmental change in the Zhada basin, southwestern Tibetan Plateau

Saylor

2010

Geosphere

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“…The potential for permanent deformation and other changes has been a concern when analyzing fluid inclusions in halite [3,4,37,38]. Fluid inclusions in halite may undergo stretching, necking down, and leakage, all of which could affect fluid-inclusion microthermometry.…”

Section: Stretching Necking or Leakage Of Fluid Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, all the fluid inclusions first examined at room temperature from the Maha Sarakham Formation halites contained two phases, liquid + daughter crystal and no vapor, implying they have not leaked [1,3,38].…”

Section: Stretching Necking or Leakage Of Fluid Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These aqueous inclusions record the temperature and the chemical composition of the ambient brines from which the halite precipitated. Great efforts have been made to use fluid inclusions in ancient halite to reconstruct quantitative paleobrine temperatures [2][3][4][5][6][7] and seawater chemistry [8][9][10][11]. Single phase aqueous inclusions formed at temperatures >~50 • C may undergo phase separation into liquid + vapor, liquid + daughter crystal, or liquid + vapor + daughter crystal as they cool to room temperature [1,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anomalously High Cretaceous Paleobrine Temperatures: Hothouse, Hydrothermal or Solar Heating?

Wang

Lowenstein

2017

Minerals

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Elevated surface paleobrine temperatures (average 85.6 • C) are reported here from Cretaceous marine halites in the Maha Sarakham Formation, Khorat Plateau, Thailand. Fluid inclusions in primary subaqueous "chevron" and "cumulate" halites associated with potash salts contain daughter crystals of sylvite (KCl) and carnallite (MgCl 2 ·KCl·6H 2 O). Petrographic textures demonstrate that these fluid inclusions were trapped from the warm brines in which the halite crystallized. Later cooling produced supersaturated conditions leading to the precipitation of sylvite and carnallite daughter crystals within fluid inclusions. Dissolution temperatures of daughter crystals in fluid inclusions from the same halite bed vary over a large range (57.9 • C to 117.2 • C), suggesting that halite grew at different temperatures within and at the bottom of the water column. Consistency of daughter crystal dissolution temperatures within fluid inclusion bands and the absence of vapor bubbles at room temperature demonstrate that fluid inclusions have not stretched or leaked. Daughter crystal dissolution temperatures are reproducible to within 0.1 • C to 10.2 • C (average of 1.8 • C), and thus faithfully document paleobrine conditions. Microcrystalline hematite incorporated within halite crystals also indicate high paleobrine temperatures. We conclude that halite crystallized from warm brines rich in K-Mg-Na-Cl; sylvite and carnallite daughter crystals were nucleated during cooling of the warm brines sometime after deposition. Hothouse, hydrothermal, and solar-heating hypotheses are compared to explain the anomalously high surface paleobrine temperatures. Solar radiation stored in shallow density stratified brines is the most plausible explanation for the observed paleobrine temperatures and the progressively higher temperatures downward through the paleobrine column. The solar-heating hypothesis may also explain high paleobrine temperatures documented from fluid inclusions in other ancient halites.

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“…When fluid inclusion data are interpreted in the light of a well-constrained paragenetic history, information can be obtained on paleotemperatures during heating and cooling events in the sedimentary succession (Burruss 1987;Lowenstein et al 1998;Ceriani et al 2002;Rossi et al 2002;Rowan et al 2002;Ceriani et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagenetic and thermal history of the Jurassic-Tertiary succession of the Zagros Mountains in the Dezful Embayment (SW Iran): constraints from fluid inclusions

Ceriani

Calabrò

Giulio

et al. 2010

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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To constraint the diagenetic and thermal history in the Mesozoic-Tertiary succession of the Zagros Fold-Belt, a study was performed on fluid inclusions trapped in intergranular, vug, and fracture-filling cements in Jurassic to Miocene outcrop samples collected along the Anneh and Fahliyan Valleys of Khuzestan Province, southwest Iran. Petrographic observations showed at least two systems of fractures that postdate intergranular cementation. Two different types of oil-filled fluid inclusions occur in the intergranular cements and in the first fracture network, but they are absent in the second fracture network. Microthermometry of fluid inclusions was used to determine the temperature and salinity of fluids responsible for mineral precipitation. Within intergranular cements and calcite fillings the oldest fractures, precipitation occurred from high saline fluids in a temperature range of 60-120°C, depending on the stratigraphic depth. The strong correlation between fluid inclusions temperature and stratigraphic depth suggests that the intergranular cementation and the first fracture-filling event occurred prior to structural deformation. Furthermore, this correlation indicates a relatively constant paleogeothermal gradient at the time of cement precipitation of about 28°C/Km. On the contrary, fluid inclusions trapped in cements within the second fracture network lack oil and contain freshwater trapped at low temperatures that do not correlate to the stratigraphic position. This suggests second fracturing event occurred after oil migration and during or after deformation of the Zagros Fold-Belt, when the samples were in a near-surface position.

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Paleotemperatures from fluid inclusions in halite: method verification and a 100,000 year paleotemperature record, Death Valley, CA

Cited by 89 publications

References 39 publications

Climate-driven environmental change in the Zhada basin, southwestern Tibetan Plateau

Climate-driven environmental change in the Zhada basin, southwestern Tibetan Plateau

Anomalously High Cretaceous Paleobrine Temperatures: Hothouse, Hydrothermal or Solar Heating?

Diagenetic and thermal history of the Jurassic-Tertiary succession of the Zagros Mountains in the Dezful Embayment (SW Iran): constraints from fluid inclusions

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