Paleostress analysis of the volcanic margins of Yemen

Khanbari, Khaled; Huchon, Philippe

doi:10.1007/s12517-010-0164-8

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The maximum vertical displacement of extensional faults is recorded around Sana'a city such as in Haddah fault and reaches to more than 300m. This study is coinciding with several studies of (Al-Kotbah, and Al-Ubaidi, 2001, Al-Ubaidi and Al-kotbah, 2003, Al-Subbary et al, 1998, Khanbari, 2004Khanbari, & 2010. The main trends of faults and fractures measured in current study as shown in Dhudan area (plate 2.A) are coincided and control by the major tectonic elements of Yemen and the rejuvenation of the old regional structures of the Arabian Peninsula.…”

Section: Structuressupporting

confidence: 92%

“…At the final stage of volcanic eruption, the Sana'a area was subjected to a compression stage where the Sana'a anticline was formed whose axis trends N-S. This axis dies out in the north with steep plunge in the south, then another stage of extensional faulting resulted which shaped up the present area, and represents an extensional tectonic regime contemporaneous with the opening of Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea (Khanbari and Huchon 2010). This stage produced the most dominant structures where it obscured all old structures.…”

Section: Stratigraphic Sequence In the Sana'a Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stratigraphic Sequence and Structural Evolution of the Sana'a Basin

Al-Subbary¹

2023

TUJNAS

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The stratigraphic sequence of the Sana'a basin ranges in age from Precambrian to Recent with some periods missing. Lithological outcrops of the Sana'a basin ranging in age from Jurassic to Quaternary, while the subsurface data reveals the occurrences of the Precambrian rocks. Current research discusses the sedimentary and structural evolution of the Sana'a basin and indicates that significant tectonic phases occurred during the Jurassic, Cretaceous, Tertiary and Quaternary periods. Structural effects of these tectonic phases include uplift and subsidence for several times. However, the Sana'a basin formed during the Jurassic time under an inherited and reactivated structural control from the old N-S trend. Field studies indicate that the Sana'a basin was subjected to compression stage during the Paleocene time which resulted in the formation of an anticline with N-S axis, and then at the end of the Paleocene the area is affected by extensional faults to form half grabens such as Wadi Dhahr, and Haddah half grabens. During the Tertiary Sana'a area has been affected by huge of volcanic activities especially in the southern part of the Sana' a basin to form the Yemen Plateau, then the major tectonic trends were reactivated by extensional stage which coincided with the NS - NW and ENE - WSW trend. However, most of these faults and fractures are filled by volcanic dykes of different composition. In Quaternary time another volcanic activity has occurred to form a lot of plugs and cones intruded into the old rock units.

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Section: Structuressupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Stratigraphic Sequence In the Sana'a Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratigraphic Sequence and Structural Evolution of the Sana'a Basin

Al-Subbary¹

2023

TUJNAS

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“…Damt area as a part of Yemen has a prolonged tectonic history started by Neoproterozoic Pan-African orogeny and, ultimately to the ongoing opening of the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea (Bosworth et al, 2005;As-Saruri et al 2008, andKhanbari, 2015). Therefore, the Damt area is characterized by superimposed tectonic elements represented by numerous fault and fracture populations.…”

Section: Structure Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Approach to Evaluate Geohazard Potentiality in the Damt Hot Springs Area, Western Volcanic Plateau, Yemen

Al-Nabhani,

Khanbari,

El-Anbaawy

et al. 2022

Annals of the Geological Survey of Egypt

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The Damt hot springs area has a high vulnerability to geohazards (e.g., earthquake, mass wasting, and flash flood hazards). It is located at the southeastern escarpment of the Western Yemen Volcanic Plateau (WYVP) which is considered as the most volcanic and tectonic active provenience in Yemen. The relatively high risk of integrated factors (e.g., annual rainfall, steep slopes, and potential seismotectonic activities in the study area) has caused it to be an inherently susceptible area. Therefore, this study attempts to assess the geo-environmental conditions and factors and their implication on triggering the geohazards in Damt District. An integrated approach using field observation, remote sensing analysis, and geospatial data analysis was applied to reveal geohazard prone zones. To better understand the causative factors controlling the geohazards and their environmental impacts, topographical, geological, and hydrological characteristics were mapped and investigated. The common anthropogenic factors including human interference through, excavation of the slopes mainly for house building and mountain terraced cultivation, inconvenient hot spring water utilization, and habitation patterns around the travertine cones area was integrated with the causative factors to increase the risk potentiality of geoenvironmental problems. Based on spatial integration of all contributing factors, most of the scattered hanged villages in the high relief, steep-sloped, highly weathered mountainous volcanic zone is prone to serious geohazards. In this respect, several mitigation measures, including the determination of several dams' localities, are proposed to protect the urban area and enhance the water resources.

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“…3a) reveals that the distribution of the various rock types and geomorphic features appears to be significantly influenced by NNW-SSE, NE-SW and E-W trending normal faults created by extension associated with the opening of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden [e.g. (39,40)]. The marking of the spatial distribution of the faults was initially achieved by tracing linear elements on ETM+ satellite image and earlier geological maps.…”

Section: Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cenozoic Eruptive Stratigraphy and Structure in Taiz area of Yemen

Malek¹

2014

EARTH

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The present study focuses on the field description of a bimodal volcanic rock centre and fault types present in Taiz area located in the southern part of Yemen. Taiz area serves as one of the key areas to understand the Afro-Arabian bimodal volcanism and the emplacement of Afar plume and the relationship between extension tectonics and magmatism. Taiz area comprises bimodal volcanic rocks encompassing mafic and silicic lava flows and pyroclastic rocks. The lava flows were erupted in five phases-three major basic and two acid phases. Lower basalt sequence (Tb1) is the oldest and main phase of flood basalt volcanism, formed as part of a wide spread volcanism within the Afro-Arabian region. This is followed by lower silicic sequence phase (Tr1) consisting of varied assortment of lithologies such as rhyolite flows with subordinate ignimbrites, welded ash, pyroclastic breccia, and random pumice and obsidian. The middle basalt sequence phase (Tb2) has been formed from the flows fed by fissure-dyke systems and separated from Tr1 by red colored weathering band of saprolitic bole (paleosol). The latest silicic sequence phase (Tr2) with limited exposures in the region, comprises rhyolitic plug domes, rhyolitic lava flows and locally welded and unwelded volcaniclastic deposits. In places, the silicic volcanic rocks have been diagenetically altered to bentonitic clay minerals and zeolites. The youngest phase of volcanic rocks represented by the basaltic rocks in the region (Tb3) is exposed in few outcrops along the southeastern slope of the mapped area and conformably capping the Tr2. It includes the basaltic flows intercalated with mafic conglomerate and tuff layers. The study area has been subjected to tensional tectonic regime throughout much of the Tertiary and extensions led to volcanism, granitic rock intrusions and formation of structural elements such as normal faults and deep joints. NW, NE, and E-W are the three major trends of faults recognized and these are related to the progressive rifting of Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.

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Paleostress analysis of the volcanic margins of Yemen

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Stratigraphic Sequence and Structural Evolution of the Sana'a Basin

Stratigraphic Sequence and Structural Evolution of the Sana'a Basin

An Integrated Approach to Evaluate Geohazard Potentiality in the Damt Hot Springs Area, Western Volcanic Plateau, Yemen

Cenozoic Eruptive Stratigraphy and Structure in Taiz area of Yemen

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