Paleoseismic signature in late Holocene sediment cores from Saanich Inlet, British Columbia

Blais-Stevens, A; Clague, John J.

doi:10.1016/s0025-3227(01)00132-3

Cited by 27 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Cores collected in Saanich Inlet, on the eastern side of Vancouver Island contain a record of debris-flow events interspersed with varved sedimentation similar to that found in Effingham Inlet (Blais-Stevens and Clague, 2001;BlaisStevens et al, 2011). Cores from ODP leg 169 and older cores established a record of synchronous deposition of debris-flow deposits at sites separated by several kilometres.…”

Section: Other Cascadia Lakes and Coastal Inletsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Are great Cascadia earthquakes recorded in the sedimentary records from small forearc lakes?

Morey

Goldfinger

Briles

et al. 2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Here we investigate sedimentary records from four small inland lakes located in the southern Cascadia forearc region for evidence of earthquakes. Three of these lakes are in the Klamath Mountains near the Oregon-California border, and one is in the central Oregon Coast range. The sedimentary sequences recovered from these lakes are composed of normal lake sediment interbedded with disturbance event layers. The thickest of these layers are graded, and appear to be turbidites or linked debrites (turbidites with a basal debris-flow deposit), suggesting rapid deposition. Variations in particle size and organic content of these layers are reflected in the density and magnetic susceptibility data. The frequency and timing of these events, based on radiocarbon ages from detrital organics, is similar to the offshore seismogenic turbidite record from trench and slope basin cores along the Cascadia margin. Stratigraphic correlation of these anomalous deposits based on radiocarbon ages, down-core density, and magnetic susceptibility data between lake and offshore records suggest synchronous triggering. The areal extent and multiple depositional environments over which these events appear to correlate suggest that these deposits were most likely caused by shaking during great Cascadia earthquakes.

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Section: Other Cascadia Lakes and Coastal Inletsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Are great Cascadia earthquakes recorded in the sedimentary records from small forearc lakes?

Morey

Goldfinger

Briles

et al. 2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, cores collected in Saanich Inlet, on the eastern side of Vancouver Island, reveal a remarkably similar record of debrisflow events interspersed with varved sedimentation (Blais-Stevens and Clague, 2001;Blais-Stevens and others, 2011). Cores from ODP leg 169S and older cores established a record of synchronous deposition of debris-flow deposits at sites separated by several kilometers.…”

Section: Saanich and Effingham Inlets Western Vancouver Islandmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…These methods are complementary; the onshore record provides temporal precision for the most recent events by using radiocarbon dating, coral chronology, and dendrochronology (tree-ring dating), whereas the turbidite record extends farther back in time, at least 10,000 years in Cascadia, which is long enough to encompass many earthquake cycles. In recent years, turbidite paleoseismology has been attempted in Cascadia (Adams, 1990;others, 2003a,b, 2008;Nelson, C.H., and others, 1996;Nelson, C.H., and Goldfinger, 1999;Blais-Stevens and Clague, 2001), Puget Sound (Karlin and Abella, 1992;Karlin and others, 2004), Japan (Inouchi and others, 1996), the Mediterranean (Anastasakis and Piper, 1991;Kastens, 1984;Nelson, C.H., and others, 1995b), the Dead Sea (Niemi and Ben-Avraham, 1994), northern California (Field and others, 1982;Field, 1984;Garfield and others, 1994;others, 2007a, 2008), Lake Lucerne (Schnellmann and others, 2002), Taiwan (Huh and others, 2006), the southwest Iberian margin (Gràcia and others, 2010), the Chile margin (Blumberg and others, 2008;Völker and others, 2008), the Marmara Sea (McHugh and others, 2006;Beck and others, 2007), the Sunda margin (Patton and others, 2007(Patton and others, , 2009(Patton and others, , 2010, and the Arctic ocean (Grantz and others, 1996). Results from these studies suggest the turbidite paleoseismologic technique is evolving as a useful tool for seismotectonics.…”

Section: Significance Of Turbidite Paleoseismologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cores in these mostly anoxic settings contain annually laminated sediments and include variable disturbances, possibly related to paleoseismic events (Dallimore and others, 2005a,b;Skinner and Bornhold, 2003;Blais-Stevens and Clague, 2001;Blais-Stevens and others, 2011). These sediment records are excellent geochronological archives of sedimentdisturbance events, in some cases providing annual event-timing resolution when tied to known volcanic deposits, such as the Mazama-ash datum.…”

Section: Saanich and Effingham Inlets Western Vancouver Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Turbidite event history—Methods and implications for Holocene paleoseismicity of the Cascadia subduction zone

Goldfinger¹,

Nelson²,

Morey³

et al. 2012

Professional Paper

326

671

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“…Much of this interseismic uplift is recovered over the Holocene by coseismic subsidence and there is some evidence for uplift rates of about 0·5 mm y −1 over that same period (Hutchinson et al, 2000). Great earthquakes (exceeding magnitude 9) occur approximately every 500 years over at least the last 6000 on Vancouver Island (Blais-Stevens et al, 2003;Clague and Bobrowsky, 1999;Hutchinson et al, 2000). Longer-term rates (120 ky) have been measured on the Olympic Peninsula, immediately south of Vancouver Island at 0·1 mm y −1 at the coast, to 0·9 mm y −1 inland with the expectation that inland rates would be higher overall (Pazzaglia and Brandon, 2001).…”

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of landslide frequencies and characteristics in a natural system, coastal British Columbia

Guthrie

Evans

2004

Earth Surf Processes Landf

161

108

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Two hundred and one debris slides and debris flows were analyzed in a 286 km 2 study area on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The study area remains essentially untouched by humans and therefore affords a natural setting in which to examine slope processes. Landslides were identified and characterized on aerial photographs from 1:15 000 to 1:31 680, and were then mapped and transferred to a GIS for analysis. Based on detailed landslide surveys, we propose a new method to accurately determine volume of landslides of this type by measured total area. Results indicate average denudation rates of 56 m 3 y −1 km −2, and higher natural rates of failure than analogous regions in coastal British Columbia. In contrast, the landslide rates are substantially less than those from forested watersheds. Landslide distribution is spatially clustered in air photograph epochs, and we propose intense storm cells within regional events as the causal mechanism. Further, failures occurred preferentially over the West Coast Crystalline Complex (by 1·4 times), a metamorphic assemblage of gabbros, schists and amphibolites, but 1·5 times less often over the Island Plutonic Suite, a granitic intrusive formation. The former result represents a new finding, while the latter corroborates findings of previous authors. We examined magnitude-frequency relationships of the data set and present for the first time a strong argument that the rollover effect is not merely an artefact, but is instead a consequence of the physical characteristics of the landslides themselves. We subsequently analyzed magnitude-frequency relationships from two other complete data sets from coastal British Columbia and produced a family of curves corroborating this result.

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Paleoseismic signature in late Holocene sediment cores from Saanich Inlet, British Columbia

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Are great Cascadia earthquakes recorded in the sedimentary records from small forearc lakes?

Are great Cascadia earthquakes recorded in the sedimentary records from small forearc lakes?

Turbidite event history—Methods and implications for Holocene paleoseismicity of the Cascadia subduction zone

Analysis of landslide frequencies and characteristics in a natural system, coastal British Columbia

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