Paleoseismic potential of sublacustrine landslide records in a high-seismicity setting (south-central Alaska)

Praet, Nore; Moernaut, Jasper; Daele, Maarten Van; Boes, Evelien; Haeussler, Peter J.; Strupler, Michael; Schmidt, Sabine; Loso, Michael G.; Batist, Marc De

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2016.05.004

Cited by 72 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Mullins and Hinchey, 1989;Eyles et al, 1990Eyles et al, , 1991Ó Cofaigh, 1998;Van Rensbergen et al, 1998;Cowan et al, 2010;Forwick et al, 2010;Hjelstuen et al, 2013;Lajeunesse et al, 2017) and catastrophic events (e.g. Beck et al, 1996;Bertrand et al, 2008;Fanetti et al, 2008;Hilbe et al, 2011;Praet et al, 2016). The high depositional rate observed in many fjords also allows the high-resolution reconstruction of past sedimentation patterns (Syvitski and Shaw, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Syvitski et al, 1986;Syvitski and Shaw, 1995;Hampton et al, 1996;Syvitski and Schafer, 1996;Girardclos et al, 2007;Fanetti et al, 2008;Cowan et al, 2010;Brouard and Lajeunesse, 2019). Mass-movement deposits (MMDs) may thus be important components of the deglacial, paraglacial and postglacial sedimentary sequence of fjords and fjord-lakes (Bertrand et al, 2008;Fanetti et al, 2008;Hilbe et al, 2011;Praet et al, 2016). However, the frequency of mass movements and the associated trigger mechanisms can vary through time and space depending on the setting of each fjord; these factors include relative sea level (RSL) change, the proximity to an active seismic zone, sedimentation rates, wave activity, salinity and water temperature (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological signatures of deglaciation and postglacial sedimentary processes in a deep fjord‐lake (Grand Lake, Labrador)

Trottier

Lajeunesse

Gagnon-Poiré

et al. 2020

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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High‐resolution multibeam bathymetric data and acoustic sub‐bottom profiles were recently collected in Grand Lake (Labrador), one of the deepest lake basins in eastern North America, to reconstruct: (1) the retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) west of Lake Melville and (2) the history of sedimentation since deglaciation in this 54 km‐long, 3 km‐wide fjord‐lake. Our results provide a morphostratigraphical framework that brings new insights to the style and pattern of retreat of the LIS in the region, as well as deglacial and postglacial sedimentary dynamics. Terrestrial glacial lineations observed on a digital elevation model (DEM) provide evidence of a previously undocumented ice stream in the Grand Lake area. This newly mapped ice stream suggests that the calving bay formed in Lake Melville triggered a reorganization of the regional drainage pattern of the LIS. The sedimentary infill of Grand Lake consists of a sequence of deglacial to postglacial sediments that contain deposits related to a series of mass movements. The 8.2 cal ka BP cold event is recorded in Grand Lake by a series of closely spaced moraines deposited at the outlet of the fjord‐lake to form a morainic complex similar to the Cockburn morainic complex on Baffin Island. During deglaciation, a dense dendritic network of proglacial gullies incised into the steep sidewalls of the lake. Since deglaciation, paraglacial and postglacial sedimentation has led to the deposition of large prograding deltas at the fjord head, where density currents remain active today and have formed a series of sediment waves on the frontal slopes and a prodeltaic environment. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological signatures of deglaciation and postglacial sedimentary processes in a deep fjord‐lake (Grand Lake, Labrador)

Trottier

Lajeunesse

Gagnon-Poiré

et al. 2020

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…MTDs have proven to be useful for reconstructing the earthquake history in both lake and fjord settings in several different locations throughout the world such as France, Norway, Chile, Switzerland, and Canada (e.g., Beck, 2009;Bøe et al, 2004;Moernaut et al, 2007;Monecke et al, 2004;Praet et al, 2017;St-Onge et al, 2012;Van Daele et al, 2015). Thousands of years later, these imprints can remain preserved in the sedimentary infill of the basin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene Event Record of Aysén Fjord (Chilean Patagonia): An Interplay of Volcanic Eruptions and Crustal and Megathrust Earthquakes

et al. 2018

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In the first months of 2007, the Aysén region in southern Chile was affected by a crustal seismic swarm. Its largest earthquake (Mw 6.2) occurred in April and had its epicenter in Aysén Fjord. Seismic intensities became so high that hundreds of onshore mass movements were triggered, several of which entered into the fjord, resulting in mass transport deposits (MTDs) preserved at the fjord bottom. Here we present a Holocene record of paleo‐earthquakes in the previously unstudied Patagonian fjordland based on MTD stratigraphy. High‐resolution seismic data retrieved using two different seismic systems (sparker and TOPAS) reveal multiple older MTDs on different stratigraphic levels. Correlation of the seismic stratigraphy with sedimentological data obtained from a long Calypso core (MD07‐3117) allows conclusion on the seismic origin of these deposits. Additionally, radiocarbon dating permits constructing an age model, validated by tephrochronology, providing an age for the different MTD levels. We thus present a highly detailed paleoseismological history of the Aysén region, including at least six major Holocene earthquakes, one of which is likely related to a known megathrust earthquake. Other earthquakes are related to activity of the Liquiñe‐Ofqui Fault Zone (LOFZ), forming the main source of seismic hazard in the area. We can infer a general average recurrence time for LOFZ earthquakes of ~2,100 years in the vicinity of Aysén Fjord with clustered events during the early and late Holocene. Finally, we argue that cascading events (causal link between volcanic and seismic events) may be a frequent phenomenon along the LOFZ.

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“…Preliminary results showed that longitudinal sedimentation rates were well fitted by a power relation. Praet et al, 2017). Profiles from the proximal and main lake sub-basins show little lateral variation in uppermost reflector thickness except for thinning near the lake margins, despite a large difference in total lacustrine deposit thickness among sub-basins.…”

Section: Sediment Traps and Coresmentioning

confidence: 93%

Fluvial suspended sediment yields over hours to millennia in the High Arctic at proglacial Lake Linnévatnet, Svalbard

Schiefer

Kaufman

McKay

et al. 2017

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Sediment yield can be a sensitive indicator of catchment dynamics and environmental change. For a glacierized catchment in the High Arctic, we compiled and analyzed diverse sediment transfer data, spanning a wide range of temporal scales, to quantify catchment yields and explore landscape response to past and ongoing hydroclimatic variability. The dataset integrates rates of lake sedimentation from correlated varve records and repeated annual and seasonal sediment traps, augmented by multi‐year lake and fluvial monitoring. Consistent spatial patterns of deposition enabled reconstruction of catchment yields from varve‐ and trap‐based fluxes. We used hydroclimatic data and multivariate modeling to examine annual controls of sediment delivery over almost a century, and to examine shorter‐term controls of sediment transfer during peak glacier melt. Particle‐size analyses, especially for annual sediment traps, were used to further infer sediment transfer mechanisms and timing. Through the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age, there were no apparent multi‐century trends in lake sedimentation rates, which were over three times greater than those during the mid‐Holocene when glaciers were diminished. Twentieth‐century sedimentation rates were greater than those of previous millennia, with a mid‐century step increase in mean yield from 240 to 425 Mg km−2 yr−1. Annual yields through the twentieth century showed significant positive relations with spring/summer temperature, rainfall, and peak discharge conditions. This finding is significant for the future of sediment transfer at Linnévatnet, and perhaps more broadly in the Arctic, where continued increases in temperature and rainfall are projected. For 2004–2010, annual yields ranged from 294 to 1330 Mg km−2 yr−1. Sediment trap volumes and particle‐size variations indicate that recent annual yields were largely dominated by spring to early summer transfer of relatively coarse‐grained sediment. Fluvial monitoring showed daily to hourly sediment transfer to be related to current and prior discharge, diurnal hysteresis, air temperature, and precipitation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Paleoseismic potential of sublacustrine landslide records in a high-seismicity setting (south-central Alaska)

Cited by 72 publications

References 53 publications

Morphological signatures of deglaciation and postglacial sedimentary processes in a deep fjord‐lake (Grand Lake, Labrador)

Morphological signatures of deglaciation and postglacial sedimentary processes in a deep fjord‐lake (Grand Lake, Labrador)

Holocene Event Record of Aysén Fjord (Chilean Patagonia): An Interplay of Volcanic Eruptions and Crustal and Megathrust Earthquakes

Fluvial suspended sediment yields over hours to millennia in the High Arctic at proglacial Lake Linnévatnet, Svalbard

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