Paleoseismic evidence of a major earthquake event(s) along the hinterland faults: Pinjore Garden Fault (PGF) and Jhajra Fault (JF) in northwest Himalaya, India

Arora, Shreya; Malik, Javed N.; Sahoo, Santiswarup

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2019.01.001

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The residual stress from the incomplete rupture makes the area more prone to a much larger event which may strike sooner than would have anticipated from the recurrence interval. Similar observations of bimodal seismicity showing partial and complete ruptures have also been reported from the other fault systems such as Sumatra megathrust and Himalaya (Arora et al, 2019;Konca et a., 2008;Zilio et al, 2019).…”

Section: Tectonic Implicationsupporting

confidence: 86%

Estimation of the Slip Rate Along the Unruptured Fault Segment of the M7.2 1896 Rikuu Earthquake, Northeast Japan

Arora¹,

Kondo²,

Kurosawa

et al. 2021

Tectonics

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The northeast Japan arc is one of the most seismically active plate boundary systems in the world recording a convergence rate of ∼9 cm/yr between the Pacific and the Eurasian plates (Seno et al., 1996) (Figure 1a). The plate boundary has hosted several large magnitude earthquakes, of which the 2011 Tohoku mega-subduction earthquake (M w 9.0-9.1), claimed 15,641 lives and caused around 300-billion-dollar worth of damage, making it one of the five deadliest earthquakes of the modern era (

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Section: Tectonic Implicationsupporting

confidence: 86%

Estimation of the Slip Rate Along the Unruptured Fault Segment of the M7.2 1896 Rikuu Earthquake, Northeast Japan

Arora¹,

Kondo²,

Kurosawa

et al. 2021

Tectonics

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“…2014 ; Arora et al . 2019 ). The ground motions to be anticipated in Delhi from future earthquakes on these and other interface or intraslab faults will be significant with local amplification and/or liquefaction in the unconsolidated sediments of the Ganga and the Yamuna flood plains contributing to the hazard.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraplate seismicity and earthquake hazard in the Aravalli–Delhi Fold Belt, India

2022

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The Aravalli–Delhi Fold Belt (ADFB) is one of three prominent ridges on the continental part of the Indian plate extending northward from central India and subducting beneath the Himalayan arc. Though it is seismogenic along its entire NE–SW structural trend, activity varies spatially with a noteworthy region of higher seismicity in the vicinity of Delhi. We analyse historical and modern instrumented seismicity. Using recomputed focal mechanisms for events such as the 1956 Bulandshahr earthquake, we found that the maximum principal stress ( σ 1 ) in this region is oriented in the N–S to NE–SW direction, similar to that in the neighbouring Garhwal–Kumaun Himalayas. Our analysis also indicates that the earthquakes along the ADFB occur on steep faults which are parallel or oblique to its NE–SW structural trend and that the entire crust appears to be seismically active as the earthquakes occur up to a depth of ~40 km. Within the better instrumented Delhi region, we observed a pattern in the average monthly frequency of earthquakes recorded that we speculate was modulated by monsoonal recharge of the local water table. The cause of seismicity in the AFDB is still a question for debate, pending better seismological and geodetic instrumentation, but we build on evolutionary models of the ADFB to suggest that seismicity is the consequence of the continued relative motion between the Bundelkhand and Marwar cratons in the northern Indian shield. The nature and causes of earthquakes in this region notwithstanding, the proximity of large cities such as Delhi, Jaipur and Udaipur to poorly-studied or unknown sources of seismic hazard is a concern and warrants further scientific and policy intervention. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12040-022-01957-3.

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“…Complementing some of the earlier studies, Arora et al (2019) presented data on coseismic slip and timing of the youngest faulting along the Pinjore Garden Fault (PGF) and Jhajra Fault (JF) in the Pinjore Dun. Trench investigations along these spatially small faults suggest at least two earthquakes, one of which occurred after 1283 CE-1443 CE and the other around 1223 CE-1442 CE.…”

Section: Nw Himalayamentioning

confidence: 83%

Paleoseismological Studies in India (2016-2020): Status and Prospects

Rajendran¹,

Singh²,

Mukul³

et al. 2020

PINSA

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The last few years have witnessed consistent growth in paleoseismic investigations and active fault research in India. An overview of relevant publications during 2016-2020 indicates that this field is now widely accepted as a tool to characterize the seismic hazard in the country. Such studies initiated in the country in early nineties have gained momentum and widened its scope into a variety of tectonic and morphological settings.While earthquake frequency and fault activations are major objectives of such studies, the Indian researchers are now equally interested in constraining the fault geometry and the nature of near-surface crustal deformation, thereby contributing to earthquake hazard evaluations. This has been driven by an ever-increasing interaction between experts from associated fields like geomorphology, neotectonics, seismology, geodesy, modeling etc. Future challenges would include integrating the paleoseismological observations with the relevant geophysical inputs to develop physical models of the earthquake cycles, ultimately leading to an inventory of the active faults. Although there are gaps and disagreements on how things operated at different spatial and temporal scales, there have been broad agreements in general. The future should focus on evolving new strategies and methodologies to integrate different datasets in a coherent manner to yield practically relevant results and models that can explain data from various spatial and temporal scales.

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Paleoseismic evidence of a major earthquake event(s) along the hinterland faults: Pinjore Garden Fault (PGF) and Jhajra Fault (JF) in northwest Himalaya, India

Cited by 14 publications

References 50 publications

Estimation of the Slip Rate Along the Unruptured Fault Segment of the M7.2 1896 Rikuu Earthquake, Northeast Japan

Estimation of the Slip Rate Along the Unruptured Fault Segment of the M7.2 1896 Rikuu Earthquake, Northeast Japan

Intraplate seismicity and earthquake hazard in the Aravalli–Delhi Fold Belt, India

Paleoseismological Studies in India (2016-2020): Status and Prospects

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