Paleoparasitology of Helminths

Gaeta, Raffaele; Fornaciari, Gino

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-00303-5_3

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Among parasites potentially responsible for calcified cystic formations (see Roberts et al, 2013), Echinococcus multilocularis and Dracunculus medinensis can be ruled out by the chronology and geographical location of our samples (Gaeta & Fornaciari, 2022), Taenia solium (Fornaciari et al, 2020) by their shape, and Trichinella sp. by their size (Machnicka et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Two cases of cystic echinococcosis reported from al‐Andalus cemeteries (southern Iberia): Insights into zoonotic diseases in Islamic Medieval Europe

López‐Gijón,

Duras,

Maroto‐Benavides

et al. 2023

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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The identification of a calcified hydatid cyst in the bioarcheological record is key to the diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (i.e., hydatid disease), a parasitic infection caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. This zoonosis can be linked to human–canid interactions, given the reproductive cycle of the parasite (from canids to herbivores/humans as intermediate hosts), and it is commonly associated with agropastoral communities in both the past and present. However, it is not easy to identify a calcified hydatid cyst in the archeological record because of preservation problems and its similarity with other calcifications of biological and geological origin. We report the presence of two fragmented ovoidal calcified formations associated with human remains in different medieval Islamic cemeteries from the Kingdom of Granada in al‐Andalus (Southern Iberia, 13th–15th centuries AD). These formations were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The localization, morphology, and composition of the calcifications indicate that they are hydatid cysts caused by E. granulosus, representing the first evidence of cystic echinococcosis in Islamic Medieval Europe. Our results are in line with archeological and historical records of human–animal interactions and agropastoral practices in al‐Andalus, and they highlight the importance of analyzing calcified masses in the osteoarcheological record.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Two cases of cystic echinococcosis reported from al‐Andalus cemeteries (southern Iberia): Insights into zoonotic diseases in Islamic Medieval Europe

López‐Gijón,

Duras,

Maroto‐Benavides

et al. 2023

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…Dibothriocephalid tapeworm eggs have been discovered frequently in archaeological specimens in Europe and America but rarely in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East [39,121,[124][125][126]. The first discovery of dibothriocephalid eggs (named Bothriocephalus latus; currently Dibothriocephalus latus) was reported by Szidat in 1944; the eggs were found in the intestinal content of a bog body (man) from Prussia dating to 1,500 years BP [2].…”

Section: World Reports and Evolutionary Aspects Of Dibothriocephalid ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoparasitology research on ancient helminth eggs and larvae in the Republic of Korea

Chai,

Seo,

Shin

2023

Parasites Hosts Dis

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Paleoparasitology is a discipline that applies existing conventional and molecular techniques to study parasites found in ancient ruins. This review focuses on the history of the discovery of parasites (mostly helminth eggs and larvae) in archaeological soil samples and mummies in Korea from the Three Kingdoms Period to the Joseon Dynasty (100 BCE-1910 CE). We also briefly review important milestones in global paleoparasitology. The helminth species reported so far in Korea included Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Strongyloides stercoralis (larva), Trichostrongylus sp. (larva), Paracapillaria philippinensis (syn. Capillaria philippinensis), Enterobius vermicularis, Fasciola hepatica, dicrocoeliids, Paragonimus westermani, Clonorchis sinensis, Metagonimus yokogawai, Pygidiopsis summa, Gymnophalloides seoi, Isthmiophora hortensis, Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis (syn. Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense), and Taenia spp. tapeworms. The findings obtained by Korean paleoparasitologists/archaeologists have brought about deep insight into the status of helminthic infections in Korea’s past populations. Continued paleoparasitological research is essential for further understanding of ancient parasites and parasitic diseases in Korea.

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Paleoparasitology of Helminths

Cited by 2 publications

References 66 publications

Two cases of cystic echinococcosis reported from al‐Andalus cemeteries (southern Iberia): Insights into zoonotic diseases in Islamic Medieval Europe

Two cases of cystic echinococcosis reported from al‐Andalus cemeteries (southern Iberia): Insights into zoonotic diseases in Islamic Medieval Europe

Paleoparasitology research on ancient helminth eggs and larvae in the Republic of Korea

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