Paleomagnetic study of the late Neoproterozoic Bull Arm and Crown Hill formations (Musgravetown Group) of eastern Newfoundland: implications for Avalonia and West Gondwana paleogeography<sup>1</sup>This article is one of a series of papers published in <i>CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale</i> on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.

Pisarevsky, Sergei; McCausland, Phil J.A.; Hodych, J. P.; O’Brien, S. J.; Tait, Joyce; Murphy, J. Brendan

doi:10.1139/e11-045

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Paleomagnetic data from Ediacaran rocks of the Musgravetown Group in eastern Newfoundland (24°± 5°S, Pisarevsky et al 2011) and the Caldecote volcanics in England (27°± 6°S, Vizan et al 2003) indicate that Avalonia was situated at low latitudes. It moved to reside at high southerly latitudes (60°-54°) near Gondwana during the Cambrian Hodych and Buchan 1998;Mac Niocaill 2000).…”

Section: Time Of Riftingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A paleogeographical review of the peri-Gondwanan realm of the Appalachian orogen¹This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.

2012

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The eastern edge of the Appalachian orogen is composed of a collection of Neoproterozoic -early Paleozoic domains, Avalonia, Carolinia, Ganderia, Meguma, and Suwannee, which are exotic to North America. Differences in the geological histories of these peri-Gondwanan domains indicate that each separated independently from Gondwana, opening the Rheic Ocean in their wake. Cambrian departure of Ganderia and Carolina was followed by the Ordovician separation of Avalonia and Silurian separation of Meguma. After separation in the early Paleozoic, these domains constituted the borderline between the expanding Rheic Ocean and contracting Iapetus Ocean. They were transferred to Laurentia by early Silurian closure of Iapetus and Devonian-Carboniferous closure of the Rheic Ocean during the assembly of Gondwana and Laurentia into Pangaea. The first domain to arrive at Laurentia was Carolinia, which accreted in the Middle Ordovician during the Cherokee orogeny. Salinic accretion of Ganderia occurred shortly thereafter and was followed by the Acadian accretion of Avalonia. The Acadian orogeny was immediately followed by Middle Devonian -Early Carboniferous accretion of Meguma and possibly Suwannee which led to the Fammenian orogeny. The episodicity of orogeny suggests that the present location of these domains parallels their order of accretion. However, each of these crustal blocks was translated along strike by large-scale Late Devonian -Carboniferous dextral strike-slip motion. The breakup of Pangaea occurred outboard of the Paleozoic collision zones that accreted

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Section: Time Of Riftingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A paleogeographical review of the peri-Gondwanan realm of the Appalachian orogen¹This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.

2012

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“…50° to a favoured palaeolatitude of 78 ± 12° for the Fauquier Formation (Evans and Raub, 2011). The palaeolati tude of the Gaskiers glaciati on is uncertain (Pisarevsky et al, 2012).…”

Section: °) Glaciation Subsequent Studies Have Yielded Low Palaeolmentioning

confidence: 96%

Secular changes in sedimentation systems and sequence stratigraphy

et al. 2013

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________________________________________________________________________The ephemeral nature of most sedimentation processes and the fragmentary character of the sedimentary record are of first-order importance. Despite a basic uniformity of external controls on sedimentation resulting in markedly similar lithologies, facies, facies associations and depositional elements within the rock record across time, there are a number of secular changes, particularly in rates and intensities of processes that resulted in contrasts between preserved Precambrian and Phanerozoic successions. Secular change encompassed (1) variations in mantle heat, rates of plate drift and of continental crustal growth, the gravitational effects of the Moon, and in rates of weathering, erosion, transport, deposition and diagenesis;(2) a decreasing planetary rotation rate over time; (3) no vegetation in the Precambrian, but prolific microbial mats, with the opposite pertaining to the Phanerozoic; (4) the long-term evolution of the hydrosphere-atmosphere-biosphere system. A relatively abrupt and sharp turning point was reached in the Neoarchaean, with spikes in mantle plume flux and tectonothermal activity and possibly concomitant onset of the supercontinent cycle. Substantial and irreversible change occurred subsequently in the Palaeoproterozoic, whereby the dramatic change from reducing to oxidising volcanic gases ushered in change to an oxic environment, to be followed at ca. 2.4-2.3 Ga by the "Great Oxidation Event" (GOE); rise in atmospheric oxygen was accompanied by expansion of oxygenic photosynthesis in the cyanobacteria. A possible global tectono-thermal "slowdown" from ca. 2.45-2.2 Ga may have separated a preceding plate regime which interacted with a higher energy mantle from a ca. 2.2-2.0 Ga Phanerozoicstyle plate tectonic regime; the "slowdown" period also encompassed the first known global-scale glaciation and overlapped with the GOE. While large palaeodeserts emerged from ca. 2.0 -1.8 Ga, possibly associated with the evolution of the supercontinent cycle, widespread euxinia by ca. 1.85 Ga

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“…530 Ma poles for Laurentia and Gondwana are also used for 530-550 Ma, whereas, the 550 Ma pole for Baltica is the f-corrected pole of Meert (2013) who corrected for inclination shallowing in the Popov et al data (2005). Avalonia poles are from Pisarevsky et al (2008Pisarevsky et al ( , 2012, Thompson et al (2010aThompson et al ( , 2012, Johnson and Van der Voo (1985), and Van der Voo and Johnson (1985): the 490 Ma pole was also used for 500 Ma. Carolinia poles are from Vick et al (1987) and Noel et al (1988).…”

Section: -500 Ma (Late Ediacaranmiddle Cambrian) Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar TPW excursion appears to be recorded in both Baltica (one of the alternative apparent polar wander paths of Cocks and Torsvik 2005) and in Avalonia, which only shows a ca. 45º excursion (Pisarevsky et al 2012). This renders the use of paleomagnetic data for reconstruction during the 615-565 Ma interval very difficult, so only post 565 Ma paleomagnetic data are used herein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ediacaran–Middle Paleozoic Oceanic Voyage of Avalonia from Baltica via Gondwana to Laurentia: Paleomagnetic, Faunal and Geological Constraints

Keppie

2014

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Current Ediacaran–Cambrian, paleogeographic reconstructions place Avalonia, Carolinia and Ganderia (Greater Avalonia) at high paleolatitudes off northwestern Gondwana (NW Africa and/or Amazonia), and locate NW Gondwana at either high or low paleolatitudes. All of these reconstructions are incompatible with 550 Ma Avalonian paleomagnetic data, which indicate a paleolatitude of 20–30ºS for Greater Avalonia and oriented with the present-day southeast margin on the northwest side. Ediacaran, Cambrian and Early Ordovician fauna in Avalonia are mainly endemic, which suggests that Greater Avalonia was an island microcontinent. Except for the degree of Ediacaran deformation, the Neoproterozoic geological records of mildly deformed Greater Avalonia and the intensely deformed Bolshezemel block in the Timanian orogen into eastern Baltica raise the possibility that they were originally along strike from one another, passing from an island microcontinent to an arc-continent collisional zone, respectively. Such a location and orientation is consistent with: (i) Ediacaran (580–550 Ma) ridge-trench collision leading to transform motion along the backarc basin; (ii) the reversed, ocean-to-continent polarity of the Ediacaran cratonic island arc recorded in Greater Avalonia; (iii) derivation of 1–2 Ga and 760–590 Ma detrital zircon grains in Greater Avalonia from Baltica and the Bolshezemel block (NE Timanides); and (iv) the similarity of 840–1760 Ma TDM model ages from detrital zircon in pre-Uralian–Timanian and Nd model ages from Greater Avalonia. During the Cambrian, Greater Avalonia rotated 150º counterclockwise ending up off northwestern Gondwana by the beginning of the Ordovician, after which it migrated orthogonally across Iapetus to amalgamate with eastern Laurentia by the Late Ordovician–Early Silurian. SOMMAIRELes reconstitutions paléogéographiques courantes de l’Édiacarien-Cambrien placent l’Avalonie ,la Carolinia et la Ganderia (Grande Avalonie) à de hautes paléolatitudes au nord-ouest du Gondwana (N-O de l'Afrique et/ou de l'Amazonie), et placent le N-O du Gondwana à de hautes ou de basses paléolatitudes. Toutes ces reconstitutions sont incompatibles avec des données avaloniennes de 550 Ma, lesquelles indiquent une paléolatitude de 20-30º S pour la Grande Avalonie et orientée à la marge sud-est d’aujourd'hui sur le côté nord-ouest. Les faunes édicacariennes, cambriennes et de l'Ordovicien précoce dans l’Avalonie sont principalement endémiques, ce qui permet de penser que la Grande Avalonie était une île de microcontinent. Sauf pour le degré de déformation édiacarienne, les registres géologiques néoprotérozoïques d’une Grande Avalonie légèrement déformée et ceux du bloc intensément déformé de Bolshezemel dans l'orogène Timanian dans l’est de la Baltica soulèvent la possibilité qu'ils aient été à l'origine de même direction, passant d'une île de microcontinent à une zone de collision d’arc continental, respectivement. Un tel emplacement et une telle orientation sont compatibles avec: (i) un contexte de collision crête-fosse à l’Édiacarien (580-550 Ma) se changeant en un mouvement de transformation le long du bassin d’arrière-arc; (ii) l’inversion de polarité de marine à continentale, de l’arc insulaire cratonique édicarien observé dans la Grande Avalonie; (iii) la présence de grains de zircons détritiques de 1 à 2 Ga et 760-590 Ma de la Grande Avalonie issus de la Baltica et du bloc Bolshezemel (N-E des Timanides); et (iv) la similarité des âges modèles de 840-1760 Ma TDM de zircons détritiques pré-ourallien-timanien, et des âges modèles Nd de la Grande Avalonie. Durant le Cambrien, la Grande Avalonie a pivoté de 150° dans le sens antihoraire pour se retrouver au nord-ouest du Gondwana au début de l'Ordovicien, après quoi elle a migré orthogonalement à travers l’océan Iapetus pour s’amalgamer à la bordure est de la Laurentie à la fin de l’Ordovicien-début du Silurien.

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Cited by 28 publications

References 72 publications

A paleogeographical review of the peri-Gondwanan realm of the Appalachian orogen¹This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.

A paleogeographical review of the peri-Gondwanan realm of the Appalachian orogen¹This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.

Secular changes in sedimentation systems and sequence stratigraphy

Ediacaran–Middle Paleozoic Oceanic Voyage of Avalonia from Baltica via Gondwana to Laurentia: Paleomagnetic, Faunal and Geological Constraints

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Cited by 28 publications

References 72 publications

A paleogeographical review of the peri-Gondwanan realm of the Appalachian orogen1This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.

A paleogeographical review of the peri-Gondwanan realm of the Appalachian orogen1This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.

Secular changes in sedimentation systems and sequence stratigraphy

Ediacaran–Middle Paleozoic Oceanic Voyage of Avalonia from Baltica via Gondwana to Laurentia: Paleomagnetic, Faunal and Geological Constraints

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A paleogeographical review of the peri-Gondwanan realm of the Appalachian orogen¹This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.

A paleogeographical review of the peri-Gondwanan realm of the Appalachian orogen¹This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.