Paleogeography and Paleoclimate at the Deposition Sites of the Devonian Catskill and Old Red Facies

Woodrow, Donald L.; Fletcher, Frank W.; Ahrnsbrak, William F.

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3051:papatd>2.0.co;2

Cited by 60 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…In comparison, the Devonian tropical climate potentially exhibited an even more intense monsoonal circulation (Streel et al, 2000), characterised by seasonally wet-and-dry climates (Cecil, 1990 As the studied section is located in this shallow sea of the Rhenohercynian basin, the flux of detrital material into this depositional environment will reproduce the seasonal pattern. Ever since Barrell's interpretation (1916), paleoclimatic indicators confirmed this view (e.g., Woodrow et al, 1973;Heckel and Witzke, 1979;Woodrow, 1985;Witzke and Heckel, 1988;Sageman et al, 2003;Cressler, 2006;Cressler et al, 2010), and a consensus on the seasonal wet-and-dry climate model for the Devonian of the Euramerican coastal plains exists. The paleolatitude combined with the proximity of large continental areas (as well Euramerica as Gondwana) play an important role in determining the potential for an intense monsoonal circulation over Euramerica (Witzke, 1990).…”

Section: Magnetic Susceptibility As a Climate Proxymentioning

confidence: 61%

Precessional and half-precessional climate forcing of Mid-Devonian monsoon-like dynamics

Vleeschouwer

Silva²,

Boulvain³

et al. 2012

Clim. Past

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Abstract.A Devonian magnetic susceptibility (MS) record obtained on limestones ranging from the Uppermost-Eifelian to the Lower-Givetian and located on the southern border of the Dinant Synclinorium in Belgium was selected for timeseries analysis. In these carbonate ramp and platform deposits, spectral analyses highlight persistent, high-frequency cycles in both the MS-signal and the microfacies curve, reflecting environmental and climate changes. These metrescale variations in the MS-signal are interpreted as changes in the flux of magnetic minerals towards the marine system, most likely controlled by monsoon rainfall-intensity. By combining chrono-and biostratigraphic information with theoretical knowledge of sedimentation rates in different depositional environments, these cycles are interpreted as astronomically driven and dominated by precession. It is hypothesized that during precession minima (longitude of the perihelion ≈270 • ) the trans-equatorial pressure gradient reaches a maximum and intensifies the northeasterly monsoonal circulation. The consequent increase in moisture transport towards the continent leads to enhanced precipitation and runoff, which, in turn, induces a higher flux of detrital material -including magnetic minerals responsible for the MS-signal -towards the marine system. Moreover, this unique high-resolution climate signal reveals halfprecessional cycles. These cycles suggest that during precession maxima (longitude of the perihelion ≈90 • ) southeasterly monsoonal circulation strengthened due to an increased inter-hemispheric pressure gradient.

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Section: Magnetic Susceptibility As a Climate Proxymentioning

confidence: 61%

Precessional and half-precessional climate forcing of Mid-Devonian monsoon-like dynamics

Vleeschouwer

Silva²,

Boulvain³

et al. 2012

Clim. Past

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“…Roy, 1972) suggests low latitude locations for Devonian to Triassic calcrete bearing facies. Semi-arid climates are indicated by world-wide geologic evidence, that for the Devonian being summarized by Woodrow, Fletcher & Ahrnsbrak (1973). Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedogenic carbonates and flood sediment accretion rates: a quantitative model for alluvial arid-zone lithofacies

Leeder

1975

Geol. Mag.

164

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A general model for pedogenic carbonate development in alluvial sediments is based upon of rates flood sediment accretion versus time taken for particular carbonate profiles to develop. Conclusions regarding rates of Holocene carbonate pedogenesis and the changing morphology and thicknesses of carbonate profiles with time are used to predict critical values of floodbasin accretion rates which would have enabled particular ancient profiles to develop. Local (intra-drainage basin) and regional profiles are separated and a number of models for calcrete genesis are outlined. The presence or absence of particular genetic stages of calcrete may be used as a rough guide to estimate ancient floodbasin accretion rates.

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“…The climate was hot and semiarid over much of North Atlantis, with rainfall being scant and seasonal (Woodrow et al 1973). Vegetation was locally restricted to the edges of streams and shorelines, the lack of widespread cover increasing the erosive power of floods.…”

Section: Devonian Palaeogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On one side of the mountain belt, delta extended over southern Britain, the Ardennes and Rhineland into the Baltic; on the other, the Catskill delta was built out into the shelf seas of the Appalachian region (Allen et al 1967). These coastal plains were of low relief with indistinct shorelines, close to which slopes were gentle and streams meandering; more landward parts of the coastal plain were characterised by low angle piedmont fans and, less commonly, by steeper sloped alluvial fans with braided streams (Woodrow et al 1973).…”

Section: Devonian Palaeogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Early vertebrates and the Caledonian earth movements

Dineley¹,

Loeffler²

1979

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Vertebrate remains from Ordovician formations indicate a conservative mode of life in marine environments but which seems to have become more diverse by the invasion of varied non-marine aquatic habitats in Siluro-Devonian time. The spread of Old Red Sandstone facies results from Caledonian tectonism and provides the earliest Phanerozoic example of an adaptive radiation of both agnathan and gnathostome vertebrates. Prior to the late stages in the closure of Iapetus the 'European' and 'American' vertebrate faunal assemblages were distinct. Closure brought an immediate influx of 'American' agnatha into the European area, and a rapid increase in numbers of species. Subsequent earth movements and changes in palaeogeography favoured the development of internal basins with accompanying differentiation of vertebrate stocks. Some primitive forms, perhaps relatively isolated geographically, persisted until the Late Devonian by which time nonmarine gnathostomes had spread to most of the continents.

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Paleogeography and Paleoclimate at the Deposition Sites of the Devonian Catskill and Old Red Facies

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Precessional and half-precessional climate forcing of Mid-Devonian monsoon-like dynamics

Precessional and half-precessional climate forcing of Mid-Devonian monsoon-like dynamics

Pedogenic carbonates and flood sediment accretion rates: a quantitative model for alluvial arid-zone lithofacies

Early vertebrates and the Caledonian earth movements

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