Paleogene monsoons across India and South China: Drivers of biotic change

Spicer, Robert A.; Yang, Jian; Herman, Alexei B.; Kodrul, Тatiana M.; Александрова, Г. Н.; Маслова, Н. П.; Spicer, Teresa E.V.; Ding, Lin; Xu, Qiang; Shukla, Anumeha; Srivastava, Gaurav; Mehrotra, R. C.; Liu, Xiaoyan; Jin, Jianhua

doi:10.1016/j.gr.2017.06.006

Cited by 99 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…A wetter southern China and progressively increased precipitation seasonality in northeastern and southern China simulated here are qualitatively consistent with the proxy‐based reconstructions of Sun and Wang (), Quan et al (), and Spicer et al (). This suggests that since the Middle Eocene, the boundary conditions might have evolved to a state that favors the similar East Asian climate response as shown in our simulations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

East‐Central Asian Climate Evolved With the Northward Migration of the High Proto‐Tibetan Plateau

Zhu

Meng

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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The evolution of Cenozoic climate patterns in Asia has been linked to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), retreat of the Paratethys Sea, and global cooling. However, less attention has been placed on the latitudinal change of the TP. Here we report new climate modeling to explore how modern climate changes as a function of topographic growth and spatial migration of the TP. Our results show that the northward displacement of the uplifted proto‐TP within the subtropics can significantly affect the wind and precipitation pattern over East‐Central Asia. By compiling proxy‐based climatic records, paleolatitudinal and paleoelevational evolution models of the proto‐TP, and in comparison with previous modeling under a global paleogeography, we suggest that the northward migration of the proto‐TP in the Paleogene could have intensified the aridity in Central Asia, but its influence on East Asian precipitation and monsoonal circulation could be dependent on the paleogeography and other boundary conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

East‐Central Asian Climate Evolved With the Northward Migration of the High Proto‐Tibetan Plateau

Zhu

Meng

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…47 Ma), followed by dispersal to Tibet and then the Indian subcontinent ( Figs. 3 and S2 (online)), given the presence of some favorable wet and lowland habitat along the southern and central part of Tibet [42][43][44][45][46] which were positioned at the paleolatitudes of 21°-24°N then [47], and a river system connecting Southeast Asia and Tibet during the Paleocene to Eocene [48], and the completion of the India-Asia collision [40]. The lineage represented by yEoanabas had inhabited Tibet at least until the late Oligocene and eventually it was eliminated by the cooling linked to the rise of the plateau [49].…”

Section: Historical Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In that warmer world, the excursion of the thermal equator may have been several degrees greater than now and even brought seasonal rainfalls to latitudes of 30° [50]. However, their range shrank probably as a response to the Neogene intensification of the winter East Asian monsoon [43,[51][52][53]. In contrast, the lineage in India lived much longer and marched onto a new destination.…”

Section: Historical Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Into Africa via docked India: a fossil climbing perch from the Oligocene of Tibet helps solve the anabantid biogeographical puzzle

Wu¹,

He²,

Fang³

et al. 2019

Science Bulletin

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“…As the Indian Subcontinent was still located in the SH tropical latitudes, it was influenced by the SH tropical monsoon climate. Therefore, the monsoon regions in the early Cenozoic in India and southern China as described in Spicer et al (2017), determined by the distribution of tropical plants, were actually separated by the equator. In the late-Eocene (Figure 2b), the northern African monsoon region did not change much, but the southern African monsoon significantly expanded southward.…”

Section: Spatio-temporal Evolutions Of the Cenozoic Monsoon And Arid mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Shukla et al (2014) proposed that the South Asian monsoon existed in the early-Eocene based on lacustrine deposits from Rajasthan in North India. Spicer et al (2017) concluded that the imprints of a monsoon climate could be seen in the records of plant fossils and estimated seasonality of precipitation in India and its surroundings. They speculated that a monsoon climate first appeared around 56 Ma in South Asia and the most southern part of China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continental drift, plateau uplift, and the evolutions of monsoon and arid regions in Asia, Africa, and Australia during the Cenozoic

Liu

Dong

Yin

et al. 2019

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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Monsoon and arid regions in the Asia-Africa-Australia (A-A-A) realm occupy more than 60% of the total area of these continents. Geological evidence showed that significant changes occurred to the A-A-A environments of the monsoon and arid regions, the land-ocean configuration in the Eastern Hemisphere, and the topography of the Tibetan Plateau in the Cenozoic. Motivated by this background, numerical experiments for 5 typical geological periods during the Cenozoic were conducted using a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model to systemically explore the formations and evolutionary histories of the Cenozoic A-A-A monsoon and arid regions under the influences of continental drift and plateau uplift. Results of the numerical experiments indicate that the timings and causes of the formations of monsoon and arid regions in the A-A-A realm were very different. The northern and southern African monsoons existed during the mid-Paleocene, while the South Asian monsoon appeared in the Eocene after the Indian Subcontinent moved into the tropical Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, the East Asian monsoon and northern Australian monsoon were established much later in the Miocene. The establishment of the tropical monsoons in northern and southern Africa, South Asia, and Australia were determined by both the continental drift and seasonal migration of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), while the position and height of the Tibetan Plateau were the key factor for the establishment of the East Asian monsoon. The presence of the subtropical arid regions in northern and southern Africa, Asia, and Australia depended on the positions of the continents and the control of the planetary scale subtropical high pressure zones, while the arid regions in the Arabian Peninsula and West Asia were closely related to the retreat of the Paratethys Sea. The formation of the mid-latitude arid region in the Asian interior, on the other hand, was the consequence of the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. These results from this study provide insight to the important roles played by the earth's tectonic boundary conditions in the formations and evolutions of regional climates during geological times.

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Paleogene monsoons across India and South China: Drivers of biotic change

Abstract: Monsoonal climates at low latitudes (<32 °N)

Cited by 99 publications

References 93 publications

East‐Central Asian Climate Evolved With the Northward Migration of the High Proto‐Tibetan Plateau

East‐Central Asian Climate Evolved With the Northward Migration of the High Proto‐Tibetan Plateau

Into Africa via docked India: a fossil climbing perch from the Oligocene of Tibet helps solve the anabantid biogeographical puzzle

Continental drift, plateau uplift, and the evolutions of monsoon and arid regions in Asia, Africa, and Australia during the Cenozoic

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