Paleoenvironment of an Early Devonian Land-Sea Transition: a Case Study from the Southern Margin of the Old Red Continent (Mosel Valley, Germany)

Wehrmann, Achim; Hertweck, Günther; Brocke, Rainer; Jansen, Ulrich; Königshof, Peter; Plodowski, Gerhard; Schindler, Eberhard; Wilde, Volker; Blieck, Alain; Schultka, Stephan

doi:10.2110/palo.2003.p03-33

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This observation fits well with the general picture of a lagoonal setting, as has been assumed for the Alken fossiliferous units (STORMER 1976;WEHRMANN et al 2005). A similar environment might be envisaged in the case of the Kondertal quarry and Btirdenbach too.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…STETS & SCH,~FER (2002, and literature therein). Furthermore, for late Lower Emsian times the existence of a so-called ,Hunsrtick-Istand' has been postulated by SOLLE (1970), a view which was recently supported by BECKER &JANSEN (1998) andWEHRMANN et al (2005), who considered Alken and Kondertal as possibly representing lagoonal or estuarine deposits along a probable island or archipelago.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…For palaeoecological comments on Alken see STORMER (1976) and an updated overview by WEHRMANN et al (2005). The old quarry in the Kondertal was refilled in the 1970s and thus the fossiliferous succession is poorly known.…”

Section: Palaeoecology and Ontogenymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Lower Devonian scorpionWaeringoscorpio and the respiratory nature of its filamentous structures, with the description of a new species from the Westerwald area, Germany

et al. 2008

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wl-N 8 fiGUFES AND 1 "IABIE POSCHMANN, M.; DUNLOP, J.A.; KAMENZ, C. & SCHOLTZ, G. 2008. The Lower Devonian scorpion Waeringoscorpio and the respiratory nature of its filamentous structures, with the description of a new species from the Westerwald area, Germany. -Pal~iontologische Zeitschrift 82 (4): 418-436, 8 figs., 1 tab., Stuttgart, 31.12. 2008. Abstract:The fossil scorpion Waeringoscorpio hefteri STORMER, 1970 (Arachnida: Scorpiones) from the Lower Devonian of the Rhenish Massif of Germany is redescribed based on both the original type and newly collected material. A second, more tuberculate species from Siegenian strata near BiJrdenbach in the Westerwald (also part of the Rhenish Massif) is described as W. westerwaldensis n. sp. Details of the coxo-stemal region -including the lack of an oral tube -and the number of ventral mesosomal plates are discussed. Waeringoscorpio STORMER, 1970 is I~est known for its possession of extemally-projecting 'gills'. Our new material reveals that these are indeed pair-wise bundles of rigid, branching filaments which originate laterally, quite possibly from those segments of the mesosoma associated with the book lungs in extant scorpions. Their gross morphology is most consistent with a respiratory organ adapted for use in water. Indeed their closest modem analogues are the tracheal gills of secondarily aquatic insects. We suggest that the morphology and likely palaeoenvironment of Waeringoscorpio could indicate an aquatic animal, but we draw attention to the uniqueness of its gill-structures, which may not be part of the scorpion groundpattern. Thus, Waeringoscorpio was perhaps a secondarily aquatic scorpion adapted for benthic life in oxygenstressed, freshwater-brackish environments.Kurzfassung: Der fossile Skorpion Waeringoscorpio hefieri STORMER, 1970 (Arachnida: Scorpiones) aus dem Unterdevon (Emsium) des Rheinischen Schiefergebirges wird anhand des Typusmaterials und weiterer Funde neu beschrieben. Eine zweite, st~irker tuberkulierte Art aus dem Siegenium von Btirdenbach im Westerwald wird als W. westerwaldensis n. sp. beschrieben. Details der Coxo-Stemal-Region -ein Mundvorraum ist nicht ausgebildet -und die Anzahl der ventralen, mesosomalen Platten werden diskutiert. Waeringoscorpio STORMER, 1970 ist aufgrund der Ausbildung seitlich abstehender, mrglicherweise schlauchartiger Filamente am Mesosoma und ihrer mrglichen Funktion als ,,Kiemen" yon besonderem Interesse. Unser neues Material zeigt, dass es sich bei diesen Strukturen um paarige Btindel steifer, sich distad verzweigender Rrhren handelt, die seitlich der mesosomalen Segmente entspringen, welche bei rezenten Skorpionen die Buchhmgen tragen. Ihre ~iuBere Anatomie l~isst sich am ehesten mit einer Funktion als Atmungsorgan, angepasst an ein aquatisches Milieu, in Einklang bringen. Eine bemerkenswert grol3e morphologische Ubereinstimmung zeigen die Tracheenkiemen einiger Larven heutiger, sekund/~r aquatischer Insekten. Morphologie und der wahrscheinliche Lebensraum von Waeringoscorpio weisen auf ein wasserlebende...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 92%

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The Lower Devonian scorpionWaeringoscorpio and the respiratory nature of its filamentous structures, with the description of a new species from the Westerwald area, Germany

et al. 2008

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“…This resulted in the detection of more than 20 trigonotarbid fossils, originating from a single, few millimeters thick layer covering an area of about 2.5-3.0 m 2 . This layer evidently originated from the ''Upper Alken fossiliferous unit'' sensu Wehrmann et al (2005), but unfortunately a continuation could not be found in the quarry walls.…”

Section: Material Methods and Remarks On Taphonomymentioning

confidence: 94%

Trigonotarbid arachnids from the Lower Devonian (Lower Emsian) of Alken an der Mosel (Rhineland-Palatinate, SW Germany)

Poschmann

Dunlop

2010

Paläontol. Z.

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New material of the trigonotarbids Alkenia and Archaeomartus from the Lower Devonian type locality Alken an der Mosel/Germany is described. Størmer's original description of Alkenia is essentially confirmed and supplemented. The genus is placed in Aphantomartidae. In contrast to earlier accounts, we show that Archaeomartus has an anterior diplotergite and a longitudinally threedivided posteriormost (ninth) tergite. The new family Archaeomartidae is proposed. Whether a marginal row of larger tubercles on the opisthosoma can be recognized is strongly influenced by the taphonomic history of the fossil, and sexual dimorphism may also be involved. Thus, we propose that Archaeomartus levis and A. tuberculatus, which can be discriminated solely by the presence or absence of this feature, are synonyms. Furthermore, morphological similarity suggests the possibility that archaeomartids, with their opisthosomal tergites divided into three plates, gave rise to the later (Carboniferous) anthracomartids, specifically through the division of the lateral plates and the ninth tergite. Finally, our reassessment of Archaeomartus shows that 'A.' roessleri Dunlop and Brauckmann, 2006 can no longer be adequately maintained in this genus. This younger species from the early Upper Carboniferous of Hagen-Vorhalle, Germany, is reassigned to Namurotarbus n. gen. as Namurotarbus roessleri n. comb. Kurzfassung Neue Funde der Trigonotarbiden Alkenia und Archaeomartus aus dem Unterdevon der Typuslokalität Alken an der Mosel werden bearbeitet. Størmers ursprüngliche Beschreibung von Alkenia wird im Wesentlichen bestätigt und ergänzt. Die Gattung wird in die Familie Aphantomartidae gestellt. Im Gegensatz zu früher geäußerten Ansichten können wir zeigen, dass Archaeomartus einen vorderen Diplotergit und einen dreigeteilten letzten (neunten) Tergit besitzt. Die neue Familie Archaeomartidae wird vorgeschlagen. Die Erkennbarkeit einer Reihe von größeren Tuberkeln entlang des OpisthosomaRandes variiert stark in Abhängigkeit von taphonomischen Faktoren. Zudem könnte sich in der Ausprägung dieses Merkmals ein möglicher Sexualdimorphismus abzeichnen. Archaeomartus levis und A. tuberculatus, die sich nur anhand dieses einen Merkmals unterscheiden lassen, werden folglich als synonym angesehen. Darüber hinaus legt die große morphologische Ü bereinstimmung die Möglichkeit nahe, dass sich ausgehend von den Archaeomartiden mit dreigeteilten, opisthosomalen Tergiten die jüngeren (karbonischen) Anthracomartiden entwickelt haben, was insbesondere mit einer weiteren Teilung der Lateralplatten und des neunten Tergiten einherging. Schließlich zeigt unsere Neuuntersuchung von Archaeomartus, dass ,,A.'' roessleri Dunlop and Brauckmann, 2006 nicht länger der Gattung zugeordnet werden kann. Diese Art aus dem frühen Oberkarbon von Hagen-Vorhalle, Deutschland wird in die M. Poschmann (&) Generaldirektion Kulturelles Erbe RLP, Direktion Landesarchäologie, Referat Erdgeschichte,

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“…Research on these topics and on the history of mining of the Hunsrück Slate for use as a construction material were updated in Bartels and Brassel (1998), Bartels et al (2002), and Etter (2002); Wehrmann et al (2005) treated slightly younger nearer shore facies and provided a correlation chart and environmental interpretations of the complicated setting. Canfield and Raiswell (1991) treated pyrite formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-evaluation of the Devonian family Helianthasteridae Gregory, 1899 (Asteroidea: Echinodermata)

Blake

2009

Paläontol. Z.

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Because of their taxonomic and morphologic diversity, the asteroids of the Lower Devonian Hunsrück Slate of Germany are important to both an understanding of the history of the class Asteroidea and to the interpretation of community evolution during the Paleozoic. Helianthaster Roemer, 1863, a large multiarmed Hunsrück asteroid, is redescribed. The Helianthasteridae Gregory is restricted to Helianthaster and Arkonaster Kesling, 1982 (Middle Devonian, Canada); Lepidasterella Schuchert is similar to the other two genera but known specimens are of poor quality and as a result the status of the genus is uncertain. Helianthaster is noteworthy in part because its size, multiarmed state, and presence of pedicellariae suggest certain crown-group genera, yet aspects of the arrangement of the ambulacral column are characteristic of the Paleozoic asteroid evolutionary grade. Neither Helianthaster nor other Hunsrück asteroids appear closely linked to the crown group; instead, functional patterns apparently reemerged through time, although identification of specific behavior of ancient asteroids is difficult to impossible.

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Paleoenvironment of an Early Devonian Land-Sea Transition: a Case Study from the Southern Margin of the Old Red Continent (Mosel Valley, Germany)

Cited by 45 publications

References 24 publications

The Lower Devonian scorpionWaeringoscorpio and the respiratory nature of its filamentous structures, with the description of a new species from the Westerwald area, Germany

The Lower Devonian scorpionWaeringoscorpio and the respiratory nature of its filamentous structures, with the description of a new species from the Westerwald area, Germany

Trigonotarbid arachnids from the Lower Devonian (Lower Emsian) of Alken an der Mosel (Rhineland-Palatinate, SW Germany)

Re-evaluation of the Devonian family Helianthasteridae Gregory, 1899 (Asteroidea: Echinodermata)

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