Paleoecology and the Coarse‐Filter Approach to Maintaining Biological Diversity

Hunter, Malcolm L.; Jacobson, George L.; Webb, Thompson

doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.1988.tb00202.x

Cited by 335 publications

(256 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…These efforts exemplify the ongoing transformation of endangered species conservation from a focus on individual species, to one that more closely reflects the concepts embodied in ecosystem management. While singlespecies or "fine-filter" conservation will continue to be mandated by law, we believe that the long-term viability of multiple species will best be addressed with a combination of ecosystem-scale or "coarse-filter" strategies (Haufler et al 1996;Hunter et al 1988) and fine-filter strategies for sensitive or rare species whose persistence may require special management actions.…”

Section: Single-species Habitat Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States

Ruggiero¹,

Aubry²,

Buskirk³

et al. 1999

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Once found throughout the Rocky Mountains and forests of the northern states, the lynx now hides in pockets of its former range while feeding mostly on small animals like snowshoe hares. A team of government and university scientists review the newest scientific knowledge of this unique cat's history, distribution, and ecology. The chapters on this web site provide information for current scientific and public debates regarding the fate of the lynx in the United States. Chapters look at the relationships among lynx, its habitat, and its prey. The attributes of northern versus southern lynx populations are compared and contrasted. The authors caution against making decisions without enough knowledge and show where we lack information. While the authors present the latest preliminary research results on lynx and offer some qualified insights into lynx management, the book's intent is to assess the current state of knowledge regarding lynx.Hard copies of the report will be available in late 1999 from the University Press of Colorado,

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Section: Single-species Habitat Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States

Ruggiero¹,

Aubry²,

Buskirk³

et al. 1999

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“…Cette récolte a de fait modifié le couvert forestier à l' échelle du peuplement. C' est pourquoi, si on fait généralement référence à la période antérieure à l'arrivée des Européens (Hunter 1996) lorsque l' on établit des portraits préindustriels, dans cette étude nous ferons référence à la période antérieure à l'industrie des pâtes et papiers.…”

Section: Méthodologie Aire D'étude : Sélection Et éCologieunclassified

“…Cette approche est associée à la stratégie d'aménagement du « filtre brut » (Hunter Jr et al 1988) et son utilisation s' est accrue avec l'intégra-tion du principe de la préservation de la biodiversité dans tous les programmes majeurs de certification d'aménagement forestier durable (Landres et al 1999, Hagan et Whitman 2006. Par le filtre brut nous reconnaissons qu'un écosystème forestier est une entité dynamique qui va évoluer au gré des perturbations naturelles et que les assemblages de communautés d' organismes vivants présents dans cet écosystème ont évolué en phase avec l' écosystème.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Portrait préindustriel dans un contexte de grande variabilité naturelle: une étude de cas dans le centre du Québec (Canada)

AlvarezEric

BélangerLouis

ArchambaultLouis

et al. 2011

The Forestry Chronicle

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RÉSUMÉDéfinir un portrait préindustriel est une méthode reconnue comme base pour mettre en place une stratégie d'aménage-ment forestier durable. Toutefois, c' est une méthode spatialement et temporellement dépendante et dont l'application exige de la prudence en présence de grands feux. L' objectif de cette étude était de décrire le portrait préindustriel d'une forêt mélangée tempérée dans le centre du Québec à différentes échelles spatiales. L' étude s' est principalement basée sur les données d'archives d'une compagnie forestière. Il est apparu que la forêt mélangée préindustrielle de la Mauricie était principalement mature ou surannée (>100 ans) et dominée par le type de couvert « mélangé » avec feuillus intolérants. On y retrouvait une importante présence d' essences de début de succession après feu en forêt boréale, soit le bouleau blanc, l' épi-nette noire et le pin gris. Pour tenir compte de la variabilité rencontrée, les résultats de notre étude suggèrent que la sylviculture devrait être adaptée à différentes échelles spatiales. Les cibles concernant la proportion des types de couvert forestier et des stades de développements devraient être orientées vers les principales caractéristiques préindustrielles de cette forêt aux différentes échelles spatiales considérées.Mots-clés : préindustriel, perturbations naturelles, paysages, couvert forestier, stade de développement, échelle spatiale, Mauricie, forêt mélangée ABSTRACT Pre-industrial forest cover portrait is a recognized method for establishing the bases of sustainable forest management. However, it is a spatially and temporally dependant concept that should be used with caution in presence of big fires. The objective of the study was to portray the pre-industrial landscape in a mixedwood temperate forest in central Quebec at different spatial scales. The study was based on archival records from a forest company. The pre-industrial forest cover landscape of our study area was mainly composed of mature or old-growth (>100 years) stands and dominated by mixedwood forest stands with intolerant hardwoods. The main tree species were white birch, black spruce and jack pine, three species associated to forest succession after fire in the boreal forest. Considering the great variability caused by the fires and partial knowledge of this variability, for each spatial scale considered, we propose some management targets based on the main pre-industrial characteristics of this forest. To respect the pre-industrial variability, our study suggested that silviculture should be adapted at different landscape scales. Cover types and age class targets should be based on main preindustrial characteristics at each landscape scale analyzed.

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“…Important questions about the various approaches persist and include the appropriate type or level of diversity on which to focus (e.g., individual species, biotic communities, ecological systems, or geophysical settings), the criteria by which areas should be selected, specific protocols for optimizing reserve selection,and the amount of protected area needed to achieve conservation goals. Over time, focus has shifted from isolated reserves to interconnected reserve networks selected based on landscape ecology principles (e.g., Soulé & Terborgh 1999;Briers 2002;Cerdeira et al 2005;Beier 2012), and from single species to multi-species and, more recently, ecosystem-and geophysical-based approaches that seek to conserve "nature's stage" (e.g., Hunter et al 1988;Noss 1996;Pickett et 50 al. 1992;Anderson and Ferree 2010;Beier et al 2015;Wurtzebach and Schultz 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1992;Anderson and Ferree 2010;Beier et al 2015;Wurtzebach and Schultz 2016). These approaches emphasize retaining representative ecological and/or geophysical settings instead of focal species, and as such provide a "coarse filter" (sensu Hunter et al 1988) for biodiversity conservation. The use of such a coarse filter is touted as being proactive for species conservation because if ecological settings (which provide the habitat that species depend on) remain intact, 55 most species will also be conserved (e.g., Scott et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A landscape index of ecological integrity to inform landscape conservation

et al. 2018

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Context. Conservation planning is increasingly using "coarse filters" based on the idea of conserving "nature's stage". One such approach is based on ecosystems and the concept of ecological integrity, although myriad ways exist to measure ecological integrity.Objectives. To describe our ecosystem-based index of ecological integrity (IEI) and its derivative 5 index of ecological impact (ecoImpact), and illustrate their applications for conservation assessment and planning in the northeastern United States.Methods. We characterized the biophysical setting of the landscape at the 30 m cell resolution using a parsimonious suite of settings variables. Based on these settings variables and mapped ecosystems, we computed a suite of anthropogenic stressor metrics reflecting intactness (i.e., 10 freedom from anthropogenic stressors) and resiliency metrics (i.e., connectivity to similar neighboring ecological settings), quantile-rescaled them by ecosystem and geographic extent, and combined them in a weighted linear model to create IEI. We used the change in IEI over time under a land use scenario to compute ecoImpact.Results. We illustrated the calculation of IEI and ecoImpact to compare the ecological integrity 15 consequences of a 70-year projection of urban growth to an alternative scenario involving securing a network of conservation core areas (reserves) from future development.Conclusions. IEI and ecoImpact offer an effective way to assess ecological integrity across the landscape and examine the potential ecological consequences of alternative land use and land cover scenarios to inform conservation decision making. 20

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Paleoecology and the Coarse‐Filter Approach to Maintaining Biological Diversity

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 335 publications

References 43 publications

Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States

Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States

Portrait préindustriel dans un contexte de grande variabilité naturelle: une étude de cas dans le centre du Québec (Canada)

A landscape index of ecological integrity to inform landscape conservation

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