Paleoecological interpretation of a middle Pennsylvanian coal bed in the central Appalachian basin, U.S.A.

Eble, Cortland F.; Grady, William C.

doi:10.1016/0166-5162(90)90054-3

Cited by 66 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…hydroseral) successional changes, often repeating one or more times within a bed, or characterizing the overall history of the mire (e.g.. Smith, 1962;Mahaffy, 1985;Bartram, 1987;Eble and Grady, 1990). Such patterns may reflect evolution from rheotrophic to domed, ombrotrophic mires.…”

Section: Progressive Successionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inertinite in general, and fusinite in particular, have been treated as important indicators of "dry" conditions within mires in some petrographically based reconstructions of environments (Hacquebard and Donaldson, 1969;Gelification Index of Diessel, 1982Harvey and Dillon, 1985;Grady and Eble, 1990;Eble and Grady, 1990;Lamberson et al, 1991;Kalkreuth et al, 1991 but not by Calder et al, 1991or Calder, 1993. For fusinite, this inference appears to be based on the assumption that burning is likely to be more frequent in parts of mires with exposed, even if wet, substrates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Harvey and Dillon, 1985;Eble and Grady, 1990) and the related Gelification Index of Diessel (1982Diessel ( , 1986, which pit geUfied macerals, presumably indicative of wet, anaerobic conditions, against inertinite macerals including fusinite, presumably indicative of dry, aerobic conditions (see Lamberson et al, 1991, for discussion). The process of gelification and the formation of fusinite (from among the other macerals in these indices) appear to be fundamentally independent processes, not part of a taphonomic or ecological continuum, and thus not readily and meaningfully juxtaposed in a ratio.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleobotanical and paleoecological constraints on models of peat formation in the Late Carboniferous of Euramerica

DiMichele

Phillips

1994

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

273

119

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Section: Progressive Successionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleobotanical and paleoecological constraints on models of peat formation in the Late Carboniferous of Euramerica

DiMichele

Phillips

1994

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

273

119

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“…The better known of these floras was composed of plants that were obligately tied to wet substrates and possibly to high levels of atmospheric humidity (Scott 1977;Gastaldo 1987;Hilton and Cleal 2007;Galtier 2008;King et al 2011;Wagner and Castro 2011; see summaries in Eble and Grady 1990;DiMichele and Phillips 1994). The other flora consisted of plants that were tolerant of moisture deficits of varying degrees (Leary and Pfefferkorn 1977;Galtier et al 1992;Falcon-Lang et al 2009;Plotnick et al 2009;Bashforth et al 2014).…”

Section: Pennsylvanian Lowland Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wetland-Dryland Vegetational Dynamics in the Pennsylvanian Ice Age Tropics

DiMichele¹

2014

International Journal of Plant Sciences

158

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Premise of research. The Late Paleozoic Ice Age was the last extensive pre-Pleistocene ice age. It includes many climate changes of different intensities, permitting examination of many and varied biotic responses. The tropical Pennsylvanian Subperiod, usually visualized as one vast wetland coal forest, in fact also was dominated, periodically, by seasonally dry vegetation that, in turn, covered most of the central and western Pangean supercontinent. Equatorial wetland and dryland biomes oscillated during single glacial-interglacial cycles. This recognition changes understanding of the Coal Age tropics; examination of their spatiotemporal patterns indicates that these vegetation types responded differently to global environmental disturbances and long-term trends and points to potentially different underlying controls on evolutionary histories of their component lineages.Methodology. This study is based on the published literature and on examination of geological exposures and fossil floras, mainly from North America but also from other parts of the world.Pivotal results. Wetlands and seasonally dry habitats were equally part of the Coal Age Pangean tropics. They dominated these landscapes at different times, under different climatic regimes. Wetland vegetation was likely forced into refugia during seasonally dry (subhumid to semiarid) parts of glacial-interglacial cycles; it reemerged/reassembled during wet (humid to perhumid) periods. Seasonally dry vegetation resided permanently in areas of western and central Pangea and in microhabitats within the Central Pangean Mountains. Both floras had lower biodiversity than modern floras in similar habitats. The wetland flora species pool was more phylogenetically disparate than any modern vegetation. In contrast, seasonally dry floras were dominated by seed plants. These biomes responded differently to acute environmental changes and chronic long-term aridification.Conclusions. From ecological or evolutionary perspectives, the present-day world is but one possibility. Lower-diversity worlds such as the late Paleozoic, with a rich spectrum of environmental variations, offer insights into relationships between organisms and environments that expand understanding of these phenomena and enlarge our sense of what is possible or probable as we look to the future.

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“…These coals are up to 10 m thick (e.g., the Prokop Seam) which indicates the importance of these plants as biomass contributors to peat. They usually occur in inertinite-rich dull coal lithotypes (duritic coals) which suggest a strong ecological link to relatively dry types of mires (see Eble & Grady 1990). Smith (1962) and Smith & Butterworth (1967) assigned such densospore-dominated parts of coal seams to their densospore phase which they interpreted as the ombrotrophic stage of mire development as is also supported by the high inertinite and very low mineral matter content.…”

Section: Orzeschensis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-examination of the genus Omphalophloios White, 1898 from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin

Opluštil¹,

Bek²,

Schultka³

2010

Bull. Geosci.

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Three specimens of the genus Omphalophloios White from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin are described. Two of them are type specimens of Sporangiostrobus orzeschensis Bode and S. rugosus Bode which represent fragments of fertile areas with microsporangia. Bode's specimens were revised to provide more precise data on their morphology and spores necessary for reliable comparison with other species of this genus. Only microspores were present. In situ microspores are variable and may be assigned to several dispersed species of the dispersed spore genus Densosporites (Berry) Butterworth et al. In situ densospores are closely comparable with previously described spores from other species of Omphalophloios. The two species distinguished by Bode (1928) on differences in spore morphology are ascribed to intraspecific variation. Additional criteria, which might justify retaining them as two different species were not found, since the cell pattern of the sporangial wall is essentially the same for all the species studied. Therefore, both species are synonymised and a new combination, Omphalophloios orzeschensis (Bode) comb. nov., is proposed and Sporangiostrobus Bode as the younger synonym of Omphalophloios. The third specimen studied is a vegetative stem fragment bearing Omphalophloios-type leaf cushions. Although the likelihood exists that it belongs to the same plant as the fertile remains, this cannot be proven. It is, therefore, described as a new species Omphalophloios bodei sp. nov. (1876) who determined it as Sigillariostrobus feistmantelii Feistmantel. Although Bode realized the incorrectness of Feistmantel's determination as Sigillariostrobus Schimper, he was not certain about the systematic position and could only state that they were of pteridospermous or pteridophytic affinity. Therefore, he established a new genus, Sporangiostrobus, and his specimens from the town of Orzesze (Orzesche in German) in Upper Silesia, Poland, were described as S. rugosus and S. orzeschensis. The reason for distinguishing two independent species was in the presumed differences in the morphology of the in situ microspores obtained from the two specimens.Since that time, there has been significant progress in our knowledge regarding these unusual plants. Němejc (1931) provided the first thorough analysis and description of specimens from Bohemia and came to the conclusion that these fructifications were evidently lycopsid but more primitive than Lepidodendron Sternberg and Sigillaria Brongniart. He was also the first to recognise that this plant was heterosporous (bisexual) and that micro-and megasporangia are arranged in fertile areas and not cones. Němejc (1931) published the first microphotographs of in situ micro-and megaspores of Omphalophloios. Later, Chaloner (1956 recorded remains of this plant from North America and provided further morphological details. He assigned in situ microspores to Densosporites and in situ megaspores to Zonalesporites superbus (Bartlett) Karczewska. In 1970, Leisman published the first information a...

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Paleoecological interpretation of a middle Pennsylvanian coal bed in the central Appalachian basin, U.S.A.

Cited by 66 publications

References 20 publications

Paleobotanical and paleoecological constraints on models of peat formation in the Late Carboniferous of Euramerica

Paleobotanical and paleoecological constraints on models of peat formation in the Late Carboniferous of Euramerica

Wetland-Dryland Vegetational Dynamics in the Pennsylvanian Ice Age Tropics

Re-examination of the genus Omphalophloios White, 1898 from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin

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